Payloads and Sensors Team
15-18 January 2002
Rules of Engagement
 We Are Time Constrained (35 Days Left in the Study)
 Focus on Military Utility—There is NO Business Case for MSP
 This is NOT EELV—We Aren’t Competing for Business
 This is a Joint Warfighting System
 This is Warfighting 101--Think Like a Warfighter (Dead Targets are
the Product)
 What’s the Threat?
 What Effect Can I Create in Battle?
 This IS a Real Coercive Spacepower System
 Take the Initiative to Get the Information We Need to Be Thorough
 Major Chris Kinnan: Cell is 719-200-3514 or Work at 719-554-5233.
Email is christopher.kinnan@peterson.af.mil
ONE.007-2
Original F-16 Had a Limited Mission
Original F-16 was designed for an important,
but limited role as an air-to-air fighter aircraft only
ONE.007-3
F-16 Capabilities—Extended Significantly
New Capabilities Continue to be Developed...
ONE.007-4
Military Spaceplane Priorities
 Precision Strike
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Find
Fix
Track
Target
Engage
Assess
•
•
•
•
Predictive Battespace Awareness
Combat Identification
Precision Engagement-Maneuver
Combat Effectiveness Assessment
 Space Superiority
 ISR Enhancement
 Spacelift
ONE.007-5
Team Focus
 MSP Priorities Are Precision Strike, Space Superiority, ISR Enhancement
and Space Support—We Are a Combat System First
 Threat Analysis Team
 GSTF Space Requirements Based on DIA Threat Assessment of 2009-2010
Anti-access Threats
 Military Utility Team
 Apportionment of Specialized Sensors (e.g. HSI, MSI, EO, IR, UV etc.) and
Payloads (e.g. CAV with LOCASS, Unitary Penetrator, etc.)
 Assist ACC in Preparing a Comprehensive GSTF CONOPS
 Survey Team
 Given Operationally Responsive Spacelift . . . Develop a Comprehensive List of
Industry, DoD and National Community Sensors and Payloads in 2007, 2012
and beyond
 Determine When the Technologies Mature
 Determine What Other Areas Must be Addressed if ORS and Responsive
Sensors are Available (e.g. TPED, Bandwidth, Architecture, etc)
ONE.007-6
Deliverables
 Threat Team
 2010 Threat Analysis
 RT2 and RT4 Scenario
 Military Utility Team
 Propose Base, Enhanced and Execution Force Structure
 Combat Space Force Apportionment and Allocation
 Joint Fight Phasing
 Survey Team
 Populated Matrix
 Questions That Must be Answered
ONE.007-7
MSP 2010
Generating and Executing Coercive Spacepower
RLV Utility
 National Security Sector
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Implements QDR “transformation” and
“space control” themes
Space Commission objectives for RLV:
short-notice call-up & lower cost
Enables prompt global strike and ISR
augmentation from space
Enables “launch on demand” to augment,
replenish, project, deploy and sustain
U.S. space force structure
 Civil Sector--NASA
 Improves safety, reliability,
availability, and lower cost
compared to Shuttle
 Allows development paths for ISS
crew rescue, other future missions
 U.S. Commercial Space Sector
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Enhances international competitiveness
Stimulates U.S. space industrial base
Enables revolution in space business—
new markets, elastic demand
Improves reliability, availability,
flexibility—keys to launcher selection
Aligns mission planning lead time
with satellite manufacturing in <24
months
 All Sectors

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Enables new approaches to satellite
design and constellation management
On-orbit refueling could extend satellite
operating life, improve maneuverability
Enables technology insertion during
operating life of a satellite block
Reusable satellites could cost up to 2/3
less* to build, insure, and operate
* 1998 NSSA Launch on Demand Study
ONE.007-9
2010 Assumptions
 Anti-Access
 Political—Overflight and Troop Footprint Limitations; Restricted LOCs, SPODs
and APODs; Geographical Barriers; Limited Forward Operating Bases
 Military—WMD/WME, Long Range SAMS w/Enhanced IADS, Cruise Missiles,
Short to Intermediate Range Missiles
 Space
 Limited Number of Quick Response Payloads—Available for Use on Second
Pass
 Political—Space Sanctuary Policy Restrictions, Consortia and Multi-national
Space Dependence Sensitivities
 Military—Proliferation of Commercial Ultra High Resolution Imagery, CNO,
Jammers, RFI Weapons, Laser Dazzlers and Limited Numbers of ASATs
 Tasking, Processing, Exploitation and Dissemination
 Communications Infrastructure Exists to Provide Space and UAV Imagery to
AOCs and Cockpits
 Improved Data Fusion Capability
ONE.007-10
2010 Joint Warfighting Challenges
 Precision Strike Payloads Against:
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Anti-access Threats
Enemy Air Defenses
C2 Nodes
Leadership
Hard and Deeply Buried Targets (HDBT)
WMD and WME
Other Time critical targets
 ISR
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Combat identification (Pre-, Trans-Hostilities, Emerging Threats)
Predictive Battlespace awareness
Battle Damage Assessment
Cross Cueing of Space and Terrestrial Platforms and Sensors
Combat Search and Rescue
ONE.007-11
JWCA Precision Engagement Shortfalls
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS
 Responsiveness
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
(Re) Tasking
Processing (Fusion)
Exploration
Dissemination
 Connectivity
 Need More
Networked Systems
 ONA / IPB
 Sensor Capabilities
 Combat Identification
 Adverse Weather
 Defeat
Countermeasures
 Predict/Maintain
Target Track
 Determine Effects
 Broad Area Search
BATTLE MANAGEMENT
 Responsiveness
ATTACK EXECUTION
 Responsiveness
 Decision Process /
Time
 Weapons Tasking
 TTP
 Connectivity
 Enhanced Joint C2
 Networked
Operations
 Consistent Relevant
Operational Picture
 Multi-Nation /
Coalition Operations
 Bandwidth
 Effects Assessment
Capabilities and
Procedures
 Cross Component
Coordination
 Mission Planning
 Flight Time
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Connectivity
Survivability
Accuracy
Non-Lethal
Capabilities
 Affordability
Source: DoD Precision Engagement
Strategic Study
ONE.007-12
ACC GSTF Requirements
PAYLOAD REQUIREMENTS
SENSOR REQUIREMENTS
 Integrate MSP Into CAOC Tasking
Cycle
 Deliver Munitions
 Integrate MSP Into CAOC Tasking
Cycle
 IMINT
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250 lb – 2000 lb GP Warheads
CAV
Guided Munitions
Cluster Munitions
Directed Energy
 All Weather, Precision Attack
Capable (GPS Independent/Dependent)
 Precision Weapon CEP (<3 m)
 Combat Identification (NIIRS 4-6)
 Rapid Retarget/Restrike (NIIRS 6-7)
 Continuous 24/7 Surveillance
 All Weather
 EO, IR, SAR, HIS, SIGINT, MASINT
Syntetic Aperture Radar
(SAR/MTI)
SIGINT
Multi-Spectral
Camera
ONE.007-13
Future Space Warfare
 Space basing advantages
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Reduced crisis-reaction timelines -- Schriever 2001 results
Situational awareness cueing and support
Persistent presence
Defeat anti-access threat – overflight advantage
Enabler for operations
 Enablers
 Responsive space access (Military Spaceplane)
 GMTI/AMTI (Space-Based Radar)
 Multi-phenomenology
Vigilance, Reach, and Power
ONE.007-14
Key Roles for MSP
 Deterrence, Presence, Power Projection and
Coercion
 Space Superiority
 Theater Integration
 Enhanced ISR for Full Spectrum Predictive
Battlespace Awareness
 Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses (SEAD)
 Rapid Strike -- Adversary Vital Interests
 Halt Phase Precision Strike for
Global Strike Task Force
 Enable and Support Combat
Search and Rescue Operations
 Support Homeland Defense
Globally Integrated Air and Space Striking Power
ONE.007-15
MSP Operational Tasks
 Conduct Offensive and Defensive Counterspace Operations
 Radio Frequency and Microwave Systems
 Jamming
 Deploy Systems for and Conduct Operations to Provide
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Space Situational Awareness
Reachback and Covert Communications
Tactical Reconnaissance
Battle Management and Intercept (GMTI and AMTI)
Immediate and Post-strike Battle Damage Assessment
 Deliver Decisive Precision Firepower
 Covert and Non-nuclear strike (Immediate Response Option)
 Halt Phase
 Time Critical and Hardened Targets
ONE.007-16
Generating Space Power
OPERATIONS
• Space Superiority
• Full Force Theater C2
• Responsive ISR
• Global Strike Operations
• Satellite Constellation Reconstitution
ALERT ORDER
• Generate Sorties, Conduct Mission
Planning and Schedule ATO
Sorties
• Pre-position Payloads and
Protection Assets
• Deploy Payloads as Required
• Confirm OPCON and TACON
WARNING ORDER
•EXECUTION ORDER
• Complete All MSP Maintenance
• Ready Quick-Launch and Strike
Sorties
• Recover and Replace Orbiting
Systems
• On-demand Augmentation
• Maintain Sortie Turn Rate to Meet
ATO Commitments
• Deploy Additional Payloads
• Recover and Replace Orbiting
Systems as Required
ONE.007-17
Base Force
Strategic Space
• Long duration, global mission
• Responsiveness limited by fixed
orbits and strategic tasking
• Limited ability to replenish
• Limited data direct to theater
• No upgrades
Crewed Aircraft
• May require some air superiority
• Significant forward support req’d
• Somewhat limited coverage area
• Highly responsive once deployed
• Upgrade-able
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)
• Forward support req’d
• Limited area coverage
• Highly responsive
once deployed
• Upgrade-able
Area of Interest
ONE.007-18
Enhanced and Execution Force
Augmentation
• Launched on need into tailored orbits
• Mission-specific payloads (augment or replenish)
• Direct tasking from theater (assured data receipt)
• Upgrade-able until launched
• Possibly recoverable or reusable
Area of Interest
ONE.007-19
Space Combat Power
ONE.007-20
Military Spaceplane Combat Operations
CONFLICT
PHASE
Pre-Hostility
TASK
Preemptive actions to mitigate
conflict
May include pre-emptive strikes
Intelligence preparation of the
battlespace
ISR and space control constellation
enhancement
MSP TASKS
Pre-emptive strike—produce
desired operational effects as
required with CAVs armed with
unitary penetrators, small diameter
bombs, general purpose weapons,
LOCASS, etc
ISR and space control—augment
current IMINT, SIGINT, COMINT
and MASINT sensors and space
control constellations—generate on
orbit systems from base force to
enhanced and execution force levels
as required
TYPICAL GSTF
TARGET SET
MSP TARGET SET
Long range surface-to-air
missiles (SAMs)
Hard and deeply buried
targets
IADS (command & control
centers)
Key nodes of C2 network
Space control threats,
Anti-access threats (WMD,
ballistic and cruise missiles)
and Red Force aircraft
Storage facilities for
conventional weapons and
weapons of mass
destruction
Ready storage of ballistic
and cruise missiles
TARGET PRIORITIES
C3I
National level leadership control
nodes
Corps/Division control nodes
Brigade level nodes and less
important higher/cable bunkers
IADS
Sector and Intercept Operations
Centers and
National Headquarters
Early Warning, Ground Control
Intercept and SAMs
Space Control Threats
WMD and missile launch and
storage sites
COMPLIMENTARY
PBA PRIORITIES
HIGH THREAT ENVIRONMENT
Space—Persistent Operations
 AMTI/GMTI
 IMINT—EO, IR, SAR, ISAR,
MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGINT
 MASINT
UAV—Passive Collection
Operations
 IMINT—EO, IR, MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGNIT
 MASINT
AIRBORNE—Peripheral
Operations Only
 AWACS
 JSTARS
 Guardrail
 Rivet Joint
 MC2A
ONE.007-21
Pre-Conflict GSTF Components
Communications
Warning
Navigation
ISR
Surge
ONE.007-22
Military Spaceplane Combat Operations
CONFLICT
PHASE
Halt Invasion
TASK
Delay and if possible, halt hostile
activities
Force adversary to culminate so that
he is incapable of offensive action
Intelligence preparation of the
battlespace
ISR and space control constellation
enhancement
MSP TASKS
TYPICAL GSTF
TARGET SET
MSP TARGET SET
Strike—produce desired operational
effects as required with CAVs armed
with unitary penetrators, small
diameter bombs, general purpose
weapons, LOCASS, etc
Long range surface-to-air
missiles (SAMs)
Hard and deeply buried
targets
IADS (command & control
centers)
Key nodes of C2 network
ISR and space control—augment
and replenish current IMINT,
SIGINT, COMINT and MASINT
sensors and space control
constellations—generate on orbit
systems from enhanced force to
execution force levels
Space control threats
Anti-access threats (WMD,
ballistic and cruise missiles)
Lines of communication
Advancing armor
Military and Civil
Infrastructure
TARGET PRIORITIES
COMPLIMENTARY
PBA PRIORITIES
C3I
HIGH THREAT ENVIRONMENT
National level leadership control
nodes
Space—Persistent Operations
 AMTI/GMTI
 IMINT—EO, IR, SAR, ISAR,
MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGINT
 MASINT
Storage facilities for
conventional weapons and
weapons of mass
destruction
Corps/Division control nodes
Ready storage of ballistic
and cruise missiles
IADS
Brigade level nodes and less
important higher/cable bunkers
Military and Civil
Infrastructure
Sector and Intercept Operations
Centers and National
Headquarters
Large armor and troop
concentrations
Early Warning, Ground Control
Intercept and SAMs
Space Control Threats
WMD and missile launch and
storage sites
Underground aircraft and
industrial facilities
UAV—Passive Collection
Operations
 IMINT—EO, IR, MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGNIT
 MASINT
AIRBORNE—Peripheral
Operations Only
 AWACS
 JSTARS
 Guardrail
 Rivet Joint
 MC2A
WMD production facilities
POL production and storage
Infrastructure
Roads, railroad transloading
areas, bridges and dams
Energy and power generating
systems
ONE.007-23
Conflict GSTF Components
Space Superiority
Secure Comms
Navigation
NavWar
Strike
Precision Strike
ISR
Space/air/ground-launched CAV
ONE.007-24
Military Spaceplane Combat Operations
CONFLICT
PHASE
Blue Force Buildup
TASK
Create conditions to buildup Blue
Force combat power
Bring Red Force to the culmination
point (no longer able to continue an
offensive)
MSP TASKS
Strike—produce desired operational
effects as required with CAVs armed
with unitary penetrators, small
diameter bombs, general purpose
weapons, LOCASS, etc
ISR and space control—augment
and replenish current IMINT,
SIGINT, COMINT and MASINT
sensors and space control
constellations maintain on orbit
systems at execution force levels
TYPICAL GSTF
TARGET SET
IADS
Ballistic and cruise missiles
WMD and industrial systems
and production centers
Military and Civil
Infrastructure
Lines of communication
Advancing armor and
infantry
MSP TARGET SET
Hard and deeply buried
targets
Key nodes of C2 network
Storage facilities for
conventional weapons and
weapons of mass
destruction
Ready storage of ballistic
and cruise missiles
Military and Civil
Infrastructure
Large armor and troop
concentrations
TARGET PRIORITIES
COMPLIMENTARY
PBA PRIORITIES
C3I
HIGH THREAT ENVIRONMENT
National level leadership control
nodes
Space—Persistent Operations
 AMTI/GMTI
 IMINT—EO, IR, SAR, ISAR,
MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGINT
 MASINT
Corps/Division control nodes
Space Control Threats
WMD and missile launch and
storage sites
Underground aircraft and
industrial facilities
WMD production facilities
POL production and storage
Naval storage facilities
Hardened aircraft shelters
UAV—Passive and Active
Collection Operations
 IMINT—EO, IR, MSI, HSI, UV,
SAR, ISAR
 ELINT
 SIGNIT
 MASINT
AIRBORNE—Peripheral
Operations Only
 AWACS
 JSTARS
 Guardrail
 Rivet Joint
 MC2A
ONE.007-25
BDA GSTF Components
Rapid Force Reconstitution
Reconstitution
ISR (BDA/PBA)
Full force C2
ONE.007-26
Sustained Operations
Strike
Full force C2
ONE.007-27
Military Spaceplane Combat Operations
CONFLICT
PHASE
Counterattack
TASK
Establish Blue Force control over
entire area of operations
Forcing Red Forces to retreat
MSP TASKS
Strike—produce desired operational
effects as required with CAVs armed
with unitary penetrators, small
diameter bombs, general purpose
weapons, LOCASS, etc
ISR and space control—replenish
current IMINT, SIGINT, COMINT
and MASINT sensors and space
control constellations—maintain on
orbit systems at execution force
levels
TYPICAL GSTF
TARGET SET
IADS
Ballistic and cruise missiles
WMD and industrial systems
and production centers
Military and Civil
Infrastructure
Lines of communication
Advancing armor and
infantry
MSP TARGET SET
TARGET PRIORITIES
COMPLIMENTARY
PBA PRIORITIES
Hard and deeply buried
targets
C3I—National level leadership
control nodes
LOWER THREAT
ENVIRONMENT
Key nodes of C2 network
Space Control Threats
Storage facilities for
conventional weapons and
weapons of mass
destruction
WMD and missile launch and
storage sites
UAV—Passive and Active
Collection Operations
 IMINT—EO, IR, MSI, HSI, UV,
SAR, ISAR
 ELINT
 SIGNIT
 MASINT
Ready storage of ballistic
and cruise missiles
Underground aircraft and
industrial facilities
WMD production facilities
POL production and storage
AIRBORNE—Peripheral
Operations Only
 AWACS
 JSTARS
 Guardrail
 Rivet Joint
 MC2A
Space—Persistent Operations
 AMTI/GMTI
 IMINT—EO, IR, SAR, ISAR,
MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGINT
 MASINT
ONE.007-28
Military Spaceplane Combat Operations
CONFLICT
PHASE
Post-Hostility
TASK
Create conditions to maintain Blue
Force control
Establish monitoring regime
Create a better state of peace
MSP TASKS
TYPICAL GSTF
TARGET SET
MSP TARGET SET
ISR and space control—return to
base force levels as required for
IMINT, SIGINT, COMINT and
MASINT sensors and space control
constellations
Red Force compliance with
treaty terms through
coercive force
Enforce Red Force
compliance with treaty terms
through coercive
spacepower
Provide operational support as
required
TARGET PRIORITIES
COMPLIMENTARY
PBA PRIORITIES
MONITOR
PERMISSIVE ENVIRONMENT
National level leadership
activities
UAV—Passive and Active
Collection Operations
 IMINT—EO, IR, MSI, HSI, UV,
SAR, ISAR
 ELINT
 SIGNIT
 MASINT
Defense force buildup
Space Control Threats
IADS
Sector and Intercept
Operations Centers
Early Warning, Ground
Control Intercept and SAMs
WMD and missile production,
launch and storage sites
POL production and storage
Naval storage facilities
Humanitarian response
Space—Persistent Operations
 AMTI/GMTI
 IMINT—EO, IR, SAR, ISAR,
MSI, HSI, UV
 ELINT
 SIGINT
 MASINT
AIRBORNE—Peripheral
Operations Only
 AWACS
 JSTARS
 Guardrail
 Rivet Joint
 MC2A
Opportunistic activities of
malevolent non-governmental
organizations
ONE.007-29