Aim: How did the Industrial
Revolution create a greater
divide between the North
and South?
Do Now: Read the Ch.7, sect.1
summary and watch Unit 4 video
Homework: Read Ch.7, sect.2
answer ques. #s 3 and 4
Date: 10/27/10
What was the Industrial
Revolution?
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Industrial Revolution- social and
economic reorganization that took
place as machines replaced hand
tools and large scale factories
developed
Eli Whitney introduces the idea of
interchangeable parts building
muskets
Leads to mass production – the
production of goods in large
quantities
Development of the Factory Systemuse of power driven machinery for
production
What effect do you think the cotton
gin would have on slaves?
Model of cotton gin
Slavery & Production: A Direct Relation
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What is the relationship between slave production and cotton
production?
The U.S. imported the same amount of slaves from 1776-1808 (32
years) that they imported from 1619-1776 (157 years)
So what was the overall effect of the cotton gin on slavery???
Slavery increased b/c of cotton gin
Where do we put the
factories?
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After the revolution, America relied on
international trade for income
Jefferson’s Embargo Act of 1807 & the
War of 1812 turned American attention
towards developing domestic industries.
Why do you suppose this occurred??
What location in the U.S. would be the
most obvious choice for factory
building??? Why was this so???
Two Economic Systems
Develop
Northern Economy:
 Relied heavily on factories
and manufacturing
 Small agricultural
production
 Did not require slaves
 Slavery abolished in
northern states by 1804
Southern Economy
Invention of Cotton Gin
generates agricultural boom
in South
Increase in size of
plantations
Increased need for slaves in
these areas
Aim: How did the Industrial
Revolution create a greater divide
between the North and South? (cont.)



Do Now: Finish working on problem
from yesterday. Write down your
solutions.
Homework: None
Date: 10/28/10
Can We Solve the Problems of
Separation in America?
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Problem: America is going through a period of great
uncertainty. The Industrial Revolution has lead to a major
economic and social separation between northern and
southern states.
Objective: Together, with your group develop a plan of
action to unify America focusing mainly on economic
issues.
Task:
1) Create a plan to link the agricultural economy of the
south and the industrial economy of the north. How can we
unify these two economies to benefit America as a whole?
2) Focus on taxes of imported and exported goods. How
can this effect your newly united economic system?
3) How can we ensure that our currency is worth the same
in both northern and southern states?
The American System
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A plan of economic selfsufficiency in America
The plan included:
1) developing transportation
systems between states
(railroads)
2) establishing protective
tariffs
3) Resurrecting the national
bank
National Road from
Maryland to Illinois
Erie canal- connected the
great lakes to the Atlantic
ocean
The Erie Canal
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What do you know about
the Erie Canal?
Opened in 1825
Only 4 feet deep but 363
miles long
Greatly increased trade
from NYC to rest of country
Made NYC countries
largest port
Tariffs and the National
Bank
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Tariffs on imported
goods would surge
consumption of
American productsThe Tariff of 1816
Second Bank of the
United Statescreated common
currency so states
could easily do
business with one
another
Which political party
would not like this?
Second Bank of the U.S.- Washington D.C.
Aim Revisited: How did the Industrial
Revolution create a greater divide
between the North and South?
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Industrial Revolution brings factory
system, interchangeable parts and
mass production to U.S.
North rapidly industrializes while South
remains agricultural
Cotton gin brings more slaves to U.S.
The American System plan attempts to
solve US regional differences
Aim: How did nationalism
influence America in the early
1800’s?
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Do Now: What was the “American
system” and how could it have
increased a feeling of nationalism?
Homework: Read Ch.7, sec.3 answer
ques. #3 and #4
Date: 11/1/10
The Monroe Doctrine
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1815- European nations (Spain,
Portugal, Russia) wanted to re-establish
colonies in the western hemisphere
How might this affect the U.S.? What
might be some possible repercussions?
1823- Monroe says any attempt to create
new colonies or interfere in U.S.
business will be considered a threat.
He also says the U.S. will adhere to the
same rules
In your own words what is Monroe
saying?
How do these foreign policies serve
national interests?
What issues might arise as we begin to
move west?
President James Monroe
The Missouri Compromise
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How many slave states? How many free?
Balance of free and slave states threatened
Maine admitted as free state, Missouri a slave state
Any territory north of the 36/30 line, slavery was banned- except Mis.
Any territory south, slavery was legal
Supreme Court increases
Federal Power

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
Rd. the document “McCulloch Vs.
Maryland” and “Gibbons v Ogden”
and answer the following questions
for both:
1) State the issues before the
Supreme Court in this case.
2) What was the decision of the court
and what was the rationale behind it?
3) What do you think would be the
overall effect of the decision?
Supreme Court Flexes
Muscles
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Gibbons Vs. Ogden
Ogden has monopoly on
steamboat route that
crosses state lines
Is Ogden’s monopoly
legal? Why?
Helped ensure fed. Govt.
has the power to regulate
everything that crosses
state lines
How does this translate
into modern times? What
does the federal govt.
control?
McCulloch Vs. Maryland
Maryland places heavy tax on local
branch of the National Bank
Is this constitutional? Why or why
not?
Supreme court decides that states
could not overturn laws passed by
congress
How does this strengthen the power
of nationalism in America?
Aim Revisited: How did
nationalism influence America in
the early 1800’s?

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
Federal government increases its power
with Gibbons vs. Ogden and McCulloch
vs. Maryland Supreme Court cases
Monroe Doctrine warns Europeans to
stay off N. American continent and we
will stay out of Europe
Missouri Compromise debates slavery
issue as Missouri admitted as slave
state and Maine as free state
Aim: How does Andrew
Jackson’s presidency impact
America?
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
Do Now: Election Day discussion:
Would you have voted the other day if
you could?
Homework: Read Ch. 7, sect.4 and
answer ques. #3 and #4
Date: 11/4/10
Andrew Jackson- “The People’s President”
Q: If voting qualifications of
owning land decreased how
must a candidate respond?
A: Appeal to common people

Jackson portrayed himself as a
humble, average man- actually
wealthy plantation owner

Founder of modern day
Democratic party

Opponents = elitist
Can we compare him to any
modern day politicians?
President Andrew Jackson
Jackson’s “Spoils System”

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Jackson removed old
officials from gov’t positions
and replaced them with his
friends and loyal
“Jacksonians”
This was known as the
“Spoils System”
Is this a good idea or bad
idea? Why?
Jackson Square
New Orleans, Louisiana
Tariffs Bring Disagreement
• 3 separate tariffs help US
manufacturing
• Jackson’s V.P. John Calhoun
(from S. Carolina) says tariffs
help North but hurt South.
• Calhoun convinces S.
Carolina to declare tariff null
and void
• Is this legal?
• Henry Clay compromises with
tariff that gradually lowers over
10 yrs.
John Calhoun
Jackson vs. Bank of US
“The Bank is trying to kill me, but I
will kill it!” -President Jackson
• Jackson hated Bank of U.S.
because
1.Taxpayer funded but profits given
to elite stockholders
2. Congressmen got loans from
Bank at better interest rates than
average person
Was his hatred valid?
• 1832 Jackson vetoes re-charter of
Bank of U.S.
• Whig party forms in protest
What is this cartoon saying?
Jackson’s Bank War Backfires
• With Bank of U.S. gone
tax money went to state
banks
• These banks were
printing worthless money
leads to Bank Panic of
1837
•What do you think a Bank
Panic is?
•Jackson’s successor
Martin Van BurenPresident during this time
loses re-election as result
Aim Revisited: How does
Andrew Jackson’s presidency
impact America?
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Jackson elected in 1828 as “people’s
president”
Used Spoils System to hire political
friends
Conflicts with VP Calhoun on tariffs
Wages war on Bank of US which
destroys economy
Aim: What affect did Jackson’s
presidency have on Native
Americans?
Do Now: What does it mean to
assimilate into a culture? Is total
assimilation necessary in the U.S.?
Homework: Read Ch.8, sect.1 and
answer ques. #2 and #3
Date: 11/5/10
Jackson and
the Native
Americans
Jackson believed that
natives could not
assimilate

American miners
wanted Native land
 Indian Removal Act of
1830- the gov’t. would
negotiate treaties with
native tribes to relocate
them out west
 Cherokee tribe tries to
fight the Act in court but
eventually give up
How does this contradict the image Jackson tried to portray of himself?
What problems might occur from this?

Cherokee Nation’s Last Effort
1.
2.
Read the document “Cherokee Nation’s
Appeal to the American People” and
answer the following questions…
What were
the reasons
the Cherokee
gave for
staying in
their
homeland?
What else
could the
Cherokee
have done?
Trail of Tears
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“Children cry and many men cry,
and all look sad like when friends die,
but they say nothing and just put heads
down and keep on go towards West.
Many days pass and people die very much.”
- From the Heart
About 75,000 Natives
forced to move 800
miles
Those who disagreed
were forcibly moved
More than ¼ of
Cherokee population
died en route to new
western territories
Choose a character in
the painting, imagining
you are them, write a
sentence or 2 about
what they are feeling
or thinking?
“Should I stay or should I go?”


1.
2.
3.
Read the Point/Counterpoint document on
the Indian Removal Act
Working in a group…
State the strongest point made against the
Act
State the strongest point made for the Act
Create a solution of how to deal with the
Natives that would make some sort of
compromise
Aim Revisited: What affect did
Jackson’s presidency have on
Native Americans?
• President Jackson and Congress pass
Indian Removal Act to relocate Native
tribes from the South to the West
• Cherokee nation appeals the decision but
gets nowhere
• 75,000 Natives forced to move 800 miles
west of their homelands
• Many Natives die in what becomes
known as Trail of Tears
Aim: How did Religion bring
reform to American life?



Do Now: How does religion affect
American society?
Homework: Read Ch.8, sect. 2 and
answer ques. #2 and #3.
Date: 11/8/10
Religious Reform Sparks a
Change
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The Second Great Awakening
Emphasized individual
responsibility for seeking
salvation
People can improve themselves
and society
Revivals performed to awaken
faith through preaching and
prayer
Affected African Americans
greatly- belief that all people
belonged to the same God
Is there a modern day equivalent
to this?
Charles Finney
“The Father of Modern Revivalism”
Religion and Literature
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Writers like Ralph Waldo
Emerson and Henry David
Thoreau- personal salvation
could be achieved through
simple living and connecting
to nature- transcendentalism
Thoreau practiced civil
disobedience to protest U.S.
government’s practices of
slavery and war with Mexico
Who were some other well
known preachers of civil
disobedience?
Asher Durand: Hudson River school
How might paintings like this reflect
transcendentalist religious beliefs?


Thomas
Cole
Write down
some words
or phrases
that come to
mind after
looking at
this painting.
Albert Bierstadt
• Write down some words or phrases
that come to mind after looking at
this painting.
Religious Reform: Hospitals,
Schools, Prison
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In your opinion what should be done with mentally ill people?
Dorothea Dix created hospitals for mentally ill rather than
imprisoning them in poor conditions
Reform of the sick or imprisoned is possible
Horace Mann helped create public schools in Massachusetts
“If we do not prepare children to become good citizens…if we do
not enrich their minds with knowledge, then our republic must go
down to destruction, as others have gone before it.”
Previous schools- one room schoolhouses children only
attended until 10.
Public outcry from wealthy and German immigrants against
public schools
Why would these groups oppose public education?
Compulsory education mostly in north not in south, why?
Read the document entitled, “Dorothea
Dix’s Plea on Behalf of the Mentally Ill.”

1.
2.
Answer the following questions…
What were some of the conditions that
Dix noted about how the mentally ill
lived.
Which examples would have helped her
make her case?
Aim Revisited: How did Religion
bring reform to American life?

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
2nd Great Awakening was religious
revival that attempted to change
societal problems
Transcendental writers and artists tried
to emphasize salvation through nature
Dorothea Dix and Horace Mann
reformed schools, hospitals, prisons
Aim: What were the ideas of the
Abolition movement?
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Do Now: Imagine yourself as a slave in
the 1800s, what are your
thoughts/feelings?
Homework: Read Ch.8, sect. 3 and
answer ques. #3 and #4
Date: 11/9/10
Life Under Slavery
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Slavery doubled in South
between 1810-1830 (1.2 mil.-2
mil.)
Majority of slaves born here and
spoke English
Slaves worked fields all day
under harsh command
Small minority worked in cities
as artisans/craftsmen
What can you learn from the
picture of the slave woman
here?
Abolitionists have Differing Ideas
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Abolition- call to outlaw
slavery
William Lloyd Garrisonradical white abolitionist
Started “The Liberator”newspaper that preached
immediate freedom for
blacks
Founded the American AntiSlavery Society
How do you suppose
Garrison was viewed across
America by both blacks and
whites?
“I will be harsh as truth, and uncompromising
as justice…I will not excuse…
I will not regret a single inch- AND I WILL
BE HEARD!”- William Lloyd Garrison
Frederick Douglas
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Born into slavery and
educated by master’s wife
Escaped to New York
Became friends with
Garrison and a member of
the American Anti-Slavery
Society
Believed abolition could
occur through non-violent
political actions
Started his own paper
“The North Star” in 1847
“I appear before you as a thief and
robber…I stole this head, these
limbs, this body from my master
and ran off with them.”
Class Debate


With a group choose the position in the abolition debate you
agree with… William Lloyd Garrison’s or Frederick Douglas’.
Think about and discuss the following talking points before
writing a few sentences on what your opinion is then be ready to
share with the class.
William Lloyd Garrison
Frederick Douglas
•Uncompromising in belief that
emancipation should be total
and immediate
•Criticized churches and U.S.
Gov’t for failing to abolish slavery
•Associated with black abolitionist David Walker
who felt slaves unwilling to fight for freedom
deserved slavery
•Thought violent uprisings were acceptable in
gaining emancipation
•An educated lecturer on the abolitionist
cause for 50 yrs., believed in non-violence
to achieve emancipation
•Believed non-violence would win public
sympathy and support for the cause
•Protested segregation laws in trains by
sitting in “white” seats
•Advocated for women’s rights as well
•Acted as model for African Americans by
changing name of newspaper to “Frederick
Douglas’ Paper
Rebellions and Reactions
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Nat Turner- led a failed
rebellion of nearly 80 slaves
attacking 4 plantations and
killing 60 white people
Other rebellions in 1800,
1811, 1822, 1831 and
countless smaller ones
failed
Slave Codes- laws passed
by state legislatures to
tighten the control on
African Americans
Abolitionists push even
harder-eventually leading to
violence
Aim Revisited: What were the
ideas of the Abolition movement?



Slave life begins to change as slavery
increases and many are born here
Abolitionists like William Lloyd Garrison
and Frederick Douglass take differing
positions on abolishing slavery
Nat Turner leads famous rebellion that
fails like others
Aim: How did the reform
movement include women’s
rights?



Do Now: Why do you think that many of
the people who fought for abolition also
fought for women’s rights?
Homework: Read Ch.8, sect.4 and
answer ques. #2 and #5
Date: 11/10/10
All the Single Ladies, All the
Single Ladies!!!
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Women participated
heavily in the abolition
movement but were often
times turned away
What is the irony here?
Women also participated
heavily in The
temperance movementeffort to prohibit the
drinking of alcohol
Sarah and Angelina Grimke
spoke out to support
the Abolition Movement in America
Women & Education

“During the early part of my
life, my lot was cast among
the butterflies of the
fashionable world, I am
constrained to say…that
their education is miserably
deficient…Our brethren may
reject my doctrine…but I
believe they would be
“partakers of benefit”…and
would find that woman, as
their equal, was unspeakably
more valuable than woman
as their inferior, both as a
moral and an intellectual
being.” – Sarah Grimke
What
is Sarah Grimke’s view on
education for women in America?
What are some advantages both for
men and women in this quote?
Emma Willard opens first school for
girls in Troy, N.Y. -1821
Mount Holyoke Female Seminarybecomes first college for women in
1837
1831- Quaker Prudence Crandall
opens first African American school for
girls- closes after 3 years
Women’s Issues Today vs. Past?

List with your group some problems
facing women today?
Problems facing women in the early to mid-1800’s:
1) Earned ½ the pay of men
2) Could not vote
3) Could not sit on juries
4) Any property or money a woman had became her
husbands upon marriage
5) Lacked guardianship over children
“The Seneca Falls Convention
‘Declaration of Sentiments’”

1.
2.
Read the Document and answer the
following questions…
What were some of the grievances that
the women wrote about?
What do you think was the strongest
argument they made as to why women
should receive equal rights?
The Seneca Falls Convention




Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Assembled the first
“Women’s Rights
Convention” in Seneca
Falls, N.Y. in 1848
Created the Declaration of
Sentiments”- “We hold
these truths to be self
evident: that all men and
women are created equal”
The women agreed on all
issues unanimously except
one: voting!
Why do you suppose this
issue was up for debate?
Lucretia Mott
Aim Revisited: How did the
reform movement include
women’s rights?



Women joined abolition movement and
supported prohibition as well
Schools began to open for women
Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 wrote
Declaration of Sentiments for equality
Aim: How did the reform
movement in America change
the workplace?



Do Now: What do you know about
conditions in America’s early factories?
Homework: Read Ch.9, sect.1 and
answer quest. #3 and #4
Date: 11/12/10
Industrial Revolution
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

Prior to the industrial
revolution, most
manufacturing work was
done in the home
This was known as the
cottage industry
How does this shift from
the home to factory affect:
1) the family?
2) the community?
3) the relationship between
employer and employee?
Textile Factory
Early Factories
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The Spread of factories allowed
for:
1) lower production costs
2) unskilled workers could now
use machines
Why is this significant?
Where will the unskilled workers
come from?
The earliest factories sprung up in
the town of Lowell, Mass.
By 1828-women made up 9/10 of
the workforce in New England
factory mills
Why do you suppose mill owners
would hire females over males?
Why do you suppose textile mills
lured so many women in?
Early factory in Winchester, Mass.
Lowell Textile Mills

1.
2.
As a group read your section of the
Textile Mill worker’s diary and …
Summarize what she is writing about
Write what you would be thinking/feeling
if you were in her position
The Conditions in the Lowell
Factories
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12 ½ hr. work day
Heat
Darkness
Poor ventilation
Fines for lateness
Increase in production
demand
In 1834- Lowell mills
announce 15% pay cutworkers STRIKE!!!
Will this work?
“I regard my work people as
I regard my machinery.”Textile Mill Manager, 1840’s
Immigration





Nearly 5 million people (not
including slaves)
immigrated to the U.S.
between 1830-1860
Most of the immigrants were
either German or Irish
Why would most immigrants
avoid The South?
Irish were immigrants were
disliked the most- were
willing to work for the
lowest wages under the
worst conditions
How could this create
conflict within the big
cities?
Immigrants arrive at Ellis Island
Aim Revisited: How did the
reform movement in America
change the workplace?



Factories begin to sprout up in Mass.
and hire mostly young women
Working conditions are very poor and
women begin to organize into early
labor unions
Immigrants begin coming to country by
millions from Ireland and Germany and
begin to take factory jobs
Aim: How did the Market
Revolution help strengthen the
nation?

Do Now: What do you know about
Capitalism? Jot down some ideas

Homework: Read Ch. 9, sect.2 and
answer ques. #3 and #4
Date: 11/15/10

U.S. Markets Expand





What is meant by the word
market?
Market Revolution- people bought
and sold goods rather than
making them for themselves
Capitalism- economic system in
which businesses and individuals
control the means of production
and use them to earn profits
Entrepreneurs- investors in
business and the capitalist
system
What role do banks play in
capitalism?
Samuel Morse
Capitalism Discussion
“America is a country in which fortunes
have yet to be made…All cannot be made
wealthy but all have a chance of securing
a prize. This stimulates to the race, and
hence the eagerness of the competition.”
– Alexander Mackay


What does this quote describe?
Do you think this statement has truth to
it? Why or why not? What are your
feelings on this?
•
Many people
were
skeptical of
the capitalist
system.
In groups…
Describe
what you
see here.
Is it in favor
of or against
Capitalism?
What clues
helped you
get your
answer?
Singer Sewing Machine
New Inventions


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



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
Vulcanized Rubber (tire)
The Sewing Machine
Morse Telegraph
The Telegraph (Morse Code)
Steam Powered Engine (trains and
ships)
The Steel Plow
“This mode of instantaneous
The Mechanical Reaper
communication must inevitably become an
A handcrafted clock cost $50 in
instrument of immense power, to be
1800, by 1850 a manufactured
wielded for good or for evil… Let the sole
clock cost 50¢
right of using the telegraph belong, in the
What is good and bad about this?
first place, to the Government, who should
How would these inventions
grant… the right to lay down a
contribute to the expansion of communication between any two points for
the U.S. Market and the concept the purpose of transmitting intelligence.” of Capitalism?
Samuel Morse
New Markets Link Regions

1.
2.
3.

3 Regions-3 Markets
Northeast Shipping and
manufacturing
Southern Agriculture
Midwest Farming
How do you suppose the
inventions that we discussed
earlier plus the development of
the transportation revolution
(trains, ships, roads, canals, etc..)
help connect these different
markets.
John Deere’s Steel Plow
Aim Revisited: How did the
Market Revolution help
strengthen the nation?



Capitalism as America’s economic
system advanced in mid 1800s
US markets expand to other regions
and countries
New Inventions help economy grow and
link different regions of the country
Aim: How did the concept of
“Manifest Destiny” change
America forever?




Do Now: Why might people who were
invested in the Capitalist system
have interest in the idea of westward
expansion of the United States?
Homework: Read Ch. 9, sect.3
answer quest. # 4
Test on Ch. 7-9 on Friday
Date: 11/16/10
What is Manifest Destiny?

The Annexation of
Texas in 1845 was
“the fulfillment of our
manifest (obvious)
destiny to overspread
the continent allotted
by Providence for the
free development of
our yearly multiplying
millions.” – editor of
the U.S. Magazine and
Democratic Review
Based
on this quote, what do
you suppose is the meaning of
Manifest Destiny?
Manifest Destiny- Americans
belief that their movement
westward and southward was
destined and ordained by God
The U.S. should be “an empire
for liberty with enough room for
our descendents to the
thousandth and thousandth
generation.” – Thomas Jefferson
Is God On Our Side???



Listen to Bob Dylan’s
“With God On Our
Side” and answer the
following in your
notebooks.
What is he saying?
How is it related to
Manifest Destiny?
Why would Americans head
west?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Escape Religious
Persecution
Find New Markets for
Business
Claim Land for farming,
ranching & mining
Locate Harbors on the
Pacific
Seek Employment & Avoid
Creditors
Spread Democracy
Headin’ Down The Oregon Trail
How Did They Get West?





Both trails began in Independence, Missouri
Oregon Trail to Portland, OR
Santa Fe Trail to Santa Fe, New Mexico
The trails were a route for thousands of Americans to head west and including
Bringham Young and his Mormon followers
What do you think were some hardships they faced?
“Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!!!”




In 1844, President Polk
wanted to remove Britain
from the Oregon territory
“Fifty-Four Forty or Fight”
was his slogan to generate
support in newspapers
Good approach?
Dispute settled on the fortyninth parallel, present
boundary between U.S. and
Canada
Aim Revisited: How did the
concept of “Manifest Destiny”
change America forever?




Americans begin moving west following
belief in manifest destiny.
Americans move west in search of
business, land and other opportunities
Americans face tough journeys through
trails like Oregon Trail and Santa Fe Trail
Border between US and Canada
confirmed after many Americans move
west
Aim: How did expansion into
Texas lead to war with Mexico?




Do Now: Who do you think has more
right to a piece of land, an absentee
owner or the person who takes care
of the land?
Homework: Read Ch. 9, sect.4 and
answer quest. #4 and # 5
Test on Ch. 7-9 on Friday!!!!
Date: 11/17/10
Mexican Independence


Mexico gains independence from
Spain in 1821
As a new country what might Mexico
do to ensure a stable economy?
• Trade with the U.S.
• Mexico offers Land Grants to agents or
empresarios
• Empresarios attracted American
settlers like Stephen Austin- cheap land
• Soon Americans outnumber Mexicans
15:1
• Who should control Texas?
Texas Fights For Independence






Texans want slavery Mexicans
don’t
Austin argues for selfgovernment in TX
Mexican President Santa Anna
squashes the Texas
Revolution at U.S. fort- The
Alamo
Texans use Alamo defeat as
inspiration and eventually
defeat Mexico
1836 Sam Houston is
president of independent
Texas
1845 Texas is annexed by U.S.
“Remember the Alamo!!!!”
Tensions with Mexico







Solve this equation:
Manifest Destiny + The Annexation of Texas
+ an unstable Mexican govt. = ???
Pres. James Polk wants other Mexican land
and antagonizes Mexico with military on Rio
Grand River- “I’m not touching you!”
War begins when Mexico attacks U.S.
soldiers on “U.S. land”
If we gain all these new states what issue will
have to be resolved?
“…the lives of Mexicans are sacrificed in this
cause; and a domestic question, which
should be reserved for bloodless debate in
our country, is transferred to the fields in a
foreign land!” – Charles Sumner
What “domestic question” is he referring to?
President James K. Polk
What are the results???




U.S. dominates war seizing
California, New Mexico and
later even Mexico City
Treaty of Hidalgo: U.S. &
Mexico agree on Rio
Grande border of Texas
U.S. pays $15 million for
Mexican cession (CA, NV,
AZ, NM, UT)
What land is the best part
of this deal?
GOLD!!!!!!!!

1849: Thousands of people
from all over the world move
to San Francisco In search of
gold including Chinese,
French, free AfricanAmericans, S. Americans and
Mexicans
A California FortyNiner
Aim Revisited: How did
expansion into Texas lead to
war with Mexico?




Mexico gains independence from Spain
and grants land to American empresarios
Texans fights with Mexico and becomes
independent country
Border with Texas leads to war with
Mexico
U.S. wins war and buys land from Mexico
including California loaded with gold
Topics to Study for Unit 4 Test
Chapters 7,8,9
Women’s Rights Movement

Northern vs. Southern economy
Industrialization in North

Cotton Gin
Market Revolution/Capitalism

The American System
Manifest Destiny

Tariffs and their effects
Mexican War
 Monroe Doctrine

Missouri Compromise

Supreme Court cases- McCulloch vs. Maryland/
Gibbons vs. Ogden

Andrew Jackson’s presidency

Indian Removal Act of 1830

2nd Great Awakening Reforms

Abolition Movement
