USII – 6a
• Technology extended
progress into all areas
of American life,
including neglected
rural areas.
Improved Transportation (The Automobile)
Led to:
• Greater __________:
• Mobility
• Creation of _______:
• Jobs
– Henry Fords assembly
line
• Growth of
transportation - related
industries (road
construction, oil, steel,
automobile)
• Movement to ________
areas
• Suburban
Communication Changes
• Increased availability of
______________
• Telephones
• Development of the radio
(role of _______) and
broadcast industry (role
of ___________)
• Guglielmo Marconi
• David Sarnoff
• Development of the
movies
Electrification
• Labor-saving products
(e.g.,_______, electric
stoves,_______pumps)
• Washing Machines
• Water
Electrification
• Electric _________
• Lighting
• Entertainment
(e.g.,________)
• Radio
Invention of the Airplane:
THE _________BROTHERS
• Wright
Assembly Line - ________________
Henry Ford
USI – 6b
• Reforms in the early
20th century could not
legislate how people
behaved.
• Economic conditions
and violence led to the
migration of people.
Prohibition
• Prohibition was imposed by a _____________
______________ that made it illegal to
manufacture, transport, and sell alcoholic
beverages.
• Constitutional Amendment
As a result:
• Speakeasies were
created as places for
people to drink ______
___________________
• Alcoholic beverages
• _________________
smuggled illegal alcohol
and promoted
organized crime
• Bootleggers
• Prohibition was
repealed by the ______
Amendment.
• 21st
The Great Migration North
• Jobs for ________________in the South were
scarce and low paying.
• African Americans
• African Americans faced discrimination and
violence in the__________.
• South
• African Americans moved to northern cities in
search of better_____________________.
• Employment Opportunities
• African Americans also faced discrimination and
violence in the_________.
• North
USII – 6c
• The 1920’s and 1930’s
were important
decades for American
art, literature and
music.
Art
• Artist known for urban
scenes and later,
paintings of the
Southwest –
• Georgia O’Keefe
Literature
• Novelist who wrote
about the Jazz age of
the 1920’s• F. Scott Fitzgerald
Literature
• A novelist who
portrayed the
strength of poor
migrant workers
during the 1930’s• John Steinbeck
Music
• Composers who wrote
uniquely American
music –
• Aaron Copland
• George Gershwin
The
Harlem Renaissance
• Harlem - is a
• Renaissance - A
neighborhood in the
revival of intellectual
New York City
or artistic
borough of
achievement and
Manhattan, long
vigor
known as a major
African American
cultural and business
center.
Harlem Renaissance
• The Harlem
Renaissance was a
period of African
American artistic
achievement during
the 1920’s and
1930’s in Harlem,
New York
Painter who chronicled the experiences of the
Great Migration North through art –
Jacob Lawrence
Literature
• Poet who combined the
experiences of African
and American cultural
roots –
• Langston Hughes
Music
• Famous jazz composers
• Duke Ellington
• Louis Armstrong
• Blues singer –
• Bessie Smith
USII – 6d
• The optimism of the
1920’s concealed
problems in the
American economic
system and attitudes
about the role of
government in
controlling the economy
• The Great Depression
had a widespread and
severe impact on
American life.
Causes of the Great Depression
• People _________on
stocks, using borrowed
money that they could
not repay when stock
prices crashed.
• Overspeculated
– SPECULATION-putting
money in a high risk
investment with the hope
of making a profit
• The ___________failed
to protect the banking
system
• Federal Reserve
– FEDERAL RESERVE– the
central banking system
of the U.S.
High _______ strangled
international trade
Tariffs
– TARIFF - is a tax
imposed on goods
when they are
moved across a
political boundary
Impact on Americans
• A large number of
banks and ___________
failed
• Businesses
• ________of workers
were unemployed
• 1/4th or 25%
• Large numbers of
people were hungry
and___________
• Homeless
– Lived in Hoovervilles
which were cardboard or
wooden shacks
• Farmers incomes fell to
low levels because they
were growing to much
which drove prices
down.
Major Features of the New Deal
• The New Deal was
developed by President
Roosevelt
• _____________was a
program in the New
Deal that still exists and
gives money to the
elderly/retired,
unemployed, and
disabled
• Social Security
• Federal _________
programs, such as the
CCC, which gave
unmarried men jobs
• Work
• ___________________
improvement programs,
such as the TVA, which
built 49 dams in 7 states
to produce
hydroelectric power.
• Environmental
• Farm assistance
programs, such as the
AAA, which paid
farmers to produce less.
• Increased rights for
___________
• Labor
The New Deal
• The New Deal was ____________plan to use
government programs to help the nation
recover from The _________________
• FDR’s
• Great Depression
USII – 7a: World War II
• Political and economic conditions in Europe following
WWI led to the rise of __________ and to WWII.
• Fascism
• The rise of fascism threatened peace in Europe and
__________.
• Asia
• As conflict grew in Europe and Asia, American foreign
policy evolved from ____________ to direct
involvement.
• Neutrality/Isolationism
1. Causes of World War II
• A. Political instability and
economic devastation in
Europe resulting from
WWI
– 1. Worldwide
• Depression
– 2. High war debt owed by
• Germany
– 3. High
• Inflation
– 4. Massive
• Unemployment
• Rise of Fascism
• Fascism is a political
philosophy in which
total power is given to a
_______________ and
individual freedoms are
denied
• Dictator
Rise of Fascism
• Fascist dictators
included:
–1. Adolph Hitler
(Germany)
2. Benito Mussolini (Italy)
3. Hideki Tojo (Japan)
● These fascist dictators led the countries that
became known as the _______ Powers
Axis
The Allies
• Democratic nations (The United States, Great
Britain, ______________) were known as the
____________.
– Canada
– Allies
• The Soviet Union joined the Allies after being
invaded by ______________
– Germany
Allies
• Franklin D. Roosevelt
(United States at the
beginning of the war)
Allies
• Harry S. Truman
(United States at the
end of the war)
Allies
• Winston Churchill
(Great Britain)
Allies
• Joseph Stalin (Soviet
Union)
Change in American Policy
• ______________ (Great
Depression, Legacy of
WWI)
• Neutrality/Isolationism
Change in American Policy
• Economic aid to
_______________
• Allies
Change in American Policy
• Direct Involvement in
the war
War In the Pacific
• Rising tension
developed between the
U.S. and Japan because
of Japanese aggression
in___________
• East Asia
War In the Pacific
• On December 7, 1941,
Japan attacked the U.S.
at _________________
• Pearl Harbor without
warning
War In the Pacific
• The U.S. Declared war
on _______________
• Japan
• Who declared war on
the U.S?
• Germany
USII – 7b
• Despite initial Axis
success in both Europe
and the Pacific, the
Allies persevered and
ultimately defeated
Germany and Japan.
• The Holocaust is an
example of extreme
prejudice and
discrimination taken to
the extreme.
Europe
• Germany invaded
__________ setting
of war in Europe.
– Poland
• The Soviet Union
also invaded Poland
and the Baltic
Nations
Europe
• Germany invaded
France, capturing
______________
• Paris
Europe
• Germany bombed
London and the ______
_____________ began
• Battle of Britain
Europe
• The United States gave
____________ war
supplies and old naval
warships in return for
military bases in
Bermuda and the
_____________
• Britain
• Caribbean
Europe
• Germany invaded the
_________________
• Soviet Union
Europe
• After Japan bombed
Pearl Harbor, ________
declared war on the
United States
• Germany
Europe
• The Soviet Union
defeated Germany at
_____________,
marking the turning
point of the war in
Eastern Europe
• Stalingrad
Europe
• American and Allied
troops landed in
__________, on D-Day
to begin the liberation
of Western Europe
• Normandy, France
Pacific
• ____________ bombed
Pearl Harbor
• Japan
Pacific
• The U.S. declared war
on __________, (and
_______________).
• Japan
• Germany
Pacific
• The United States was
victorious over Japan in
the ________________.
This victory was the
turning point of the war
in the Pacific.
• Battle of Midway
Pacific
• A. The United States
dropped 2 atomic
bombs on Japan,
(_______________ and
_______________) in
1945, forcing Japan to
surrender and ending
WWII.
• Hiroshima
• Nagasaki
Holocaust
• _______________ is
attitudes or actions
against Jewish people
• Anti-Semitism
Holocaust
• _________ Supremacy
is the belief that the
blonde hair, blue eyed,
white race is above
everyone else
• Aryan
Holocaust
• Systematic attempt to
rid Europe of all the
__________.
• Jews
The Germans could use the following
tactics against the Jews:
• ____________of Jewish
stores
• Boycott
• Threats
• ____________
• segregation
• Imprisonment and
killing of Jews and
others in _________
_________________
• Concentration Camps
• Liberation by ________
of Jews and others in
concentration camps
• Allied forces
USII – 7c
• WWII affected every
aspect of American life
• Americans were asked
to make sacrifices in
support of the war
effort and the ideas for
which we fought.
Home Front
• American involvement
in WWII brought an end
to the
__________________.
Factories and workers
were needed to
produce goods to win
the war.
• Great Depression
Home Front
• Thousands of American
women took jobs in
defense plants during
the war (e.g.,
____________).
• Rosie the Riveter
Home Front
• Americans at home
supported the war by
conserving and
rationing __________
• Resources
Home Front
• The need for more
workers temporarily
broke down some
____________ barriers
(e.g., hiring in defense
plants) although
discrimination against
________________still
continued.
• Racial
• African Americans
Home Front
• While many Japanese
Americans served in the
armed forces, others
were treated with
distrust and prejudice,
and many were forced
into _______________.
• Internment Camps
Review
• Despite initial Axis success in both Europe and the Pacific,
the Allies persevered and ultimately defeated ________
and _________.
• Germany
• Japan
• Who were the Allies?
• U.S., Great Britain, Canada, and the Soviet Union
• The _____________ is an example of prejudice and
discrimination taken to the extreme.
• Holocaust
• WWII affected every aspect of ____________.
• American Life
• Americans were asked to make ____________ in support of
the war effort and the ideas for which we fought.
• Sacrifices
What is…?
• Anti-Semitism –
– Hostility toward or prejudice against Jews or Judaism
• Aryan Supremacy –
– The belief that the Aryan race (Caucasian, Blonde-hair,
blue-eyed Northern Europeans) are better than other
human races (especially, in regards to the Jewish
race).
• Boycott –
– to abstain from buying or using
Where is/are…?
• Hiroshima and Nagasaki –
– Cities in Japan
• Midway –
– Island in the Pacific between Hawaii and Japan
• Normandy –
– City located on the northern coast (beaches) of
France
USII – 8a
• Learning from the
mistakes of the past,
the United States
accepted its role as a
world superpower,
helping to rebuild
Europe and Japan and
taking the leading role
in establishing the
United Nations
United States Role as a World Leader
• Much of Europe was in ruins following World War
II. ________________ occupied most of Eastern
and Central Europe and the eastern portion of
_______________.
• The Soviet Union
• Germany
• The U.S. felt it was in its best interest to rebuild
______________ and prevent political and
economic instability.
• Europe
Rebuilding Efforts
• The U.S. instituted
George C. Marshall’s
plan to rebuild Europe
(the ______________),
which provided massive
financial aid to rebuild
European economies
and prevent the spread
of communism.
• Marshall Plan
Germany was partitioned into East and
West Germany
• West Germany became
____________ and
resumed self
government after a few
years of American,
_______, and _______
occupation.
• Democratic
• British
• French
Germany was partitioned into East and
West Germany
• East Germany remained
under the domination
of the ______________
and did not adopt
democratic institutions
• Soviet Union
Rebuilding Japan
• Following its defeat,
Japan was occupied by
___________ forces.
• American
• It soon adopted a
_____________ form of
government, resumed self
government, and became
a strong ally of the
_______________.
• Democratic
• United States
Establishment of the United Nations
• The United Nations was
formed near the end of
WWII to ____________
___________________.
• Prevent future global
wars
Reasons for Rapid Growth of American
Economy After WWII
1.
With ________ of
consumer goods
over, business
converted from
production of ___
__________ to
consumer good
1.
2.
Rationing
War Materials
2. Americans purchased
goods on_________.
2. Credit
3. The workforce shifted
back to men, and most
women returned to
______ responsibilities
3. Family
4. Labor unions ________
and became more
powerful; workers gained
new benefits and higher
salaries.
4. Merged
5. As economic opportunity
continued and
technology boomed, the
next generation of
________ entered the
workforce in large
numbers.
5. Women