Internet2
John E. Kennedy
Vice President for Operations
Ann Arbor, Michigan
February 7, 2002
Discussion
Today’s Internet
What is Internet2
Areas of Activity
Network Infrastructure Update
Engagement With Internet2
2
Today’s Internet
350.0
300.0
250.0
Millions of
People
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0
05
20
00
20
99
19
98
19
97
19
96
19
Source:
Nua Internet Surveys
19
95
3
Today’s Internet
Millions of users
Web, email, low-quality audio & video
Interconnect personal computers and
servers
Applications adapt to underlying
technology
4
Today’s Internet Doesn’t
Provide reliable end-to-end
performance
Encourage cooperation on new
capabilities
Allow testing of new technologies
Support development of revolutionary
applications
5
Tomorrow’s Internet
Billions of users and devices
Convergence of today’s applications
with multimedia (telephony, videoconference, HDTV)
Interconnect personal computers,
servers, and embedded computers
New technologies enable unanticipated
applications (and create new challenges
6
What is Internet2?
7
Internet Development Spiral
Commercialization
Privatization
Today’s Internet
Research and
Development
Source: Ivan Moura Campos
Internet2
Partnerships
8
Paths to Innovation
Lesson of the Web: unanticipated
innovation
Network growth and value are nonlinear
New technologies enable qualitatively
different uses
Users become innovators
9
Internet2 Mission
Develop and deploy advanced
network applications and technologies,
accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s
Internet.
10
Internet2 Goals
Enable new generation of applications
Re-create leading edge R&E network
capability
Transfer technology and experience to
the global production Internet
11
Why University Leadership?
The Internet came from the academic
community
• Stanford – the Internet protocols
• NSFNet – the scaled-up Internet
• CERN – the WWW protocols
• University of Illinois – the Web browser
Universities’ research and education
mission require an advanced Internet and
have demonstrated they can develop it
12
Internet2 Governance
University presidents / chancellors are
the voting representatives
Strong board
Advisory councils with board seats
• Applications Strategy
• Network Planning and Policy
• Network Research Liaison
• Industry Strategy Council
13
Internet2 Partnerships
Internet2 universities are recreating
the partnerships that fostered the
Internet in its infancy
• Industry
• Government
• International
14
Internet2 Universities
190 Universities as of January 2002
15
University Membership
Reasons for university engagement in
Internet2
• Access to high-performance network
environment
• Engagement with leading-edge academic
networking community
• Practical experience with developing and
deploying new network technologies and
applications
• Positive association with Internet2® brand
16
Additional Membership
Over 70 Internet2 Corporate Members
Over 40 Affiliate Members
36 International Partners
17
Additional Membership
Government Agencies & Research Labs
• Army Systems Engineering Office
• Earth Resources Observations Systems (EROS) Data
Center (USGS)
• Jet Propulsion Laboratory
• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
• NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
• National Institutes of Health
• National Institutes of Standards and Technology
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
• National Science Foundation
• National Center for Atmospheric Research
18
Internet2 Corporate Partners
19
Maryland, Virginia, DC
Area Members
Universities
• University of Maryland
• Johns Hopkins University
• University of Maryland Baltimore County
• University of Virginia
• Virginia Polytechnic University
• Old Dominion University
• George Mason University
• Virginia Commonwealth University
• College of William & Mary
• George Washington University
• Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA)
• EDUCAUSE
• Georgetown University
• Gallaudet University
20
Maryland, Virginia, DC
Area Members
Corporations
• Community of Science, Inc.
• Sprint
• WorldCom
• Verizon Communications
• Teleglobe Communications Corporation
• Cable & Wireless
• Advanced Infrastructure Ventures
• Multicast Technologies, Inc.
• Velocita Communications
• Accord Networks
• C-SPAN
• Blackboard, Inc.
Affiliates
• Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Inc.
21
Corporate Labs with Internet2
Backbone Network Access
Alcatel/USA
Aventis
Boeing Phantom Works
Ford Research
Fujitsu Labs of America
IBM Research (2 sites)
Johnson & Johnson Research (3 sites)
Microsoft Research
Motorola Labs
Pfizer
22
Corporate Membership
Reasons for corporate engagement in
Internet2
• Access to high-performance network
environment
• Engagement with leading-edge academic
networking community
• Practical experience with developing and
deploying new network technologies and
applications
• Positive association with Internet2® brand
23
International MoU Partners
Europe-Middle East
ARNES (Slovenia)
BELNET (Belgium)
CARNET (Croatia)
CESnet (Czech Republic)
DANTE (Europe)
DFN-Verein (Germany)
GIP RENATER (France)
GRNET (Greece)
HEAnet (Ireland)
HUNGARNET (Hungary)
INFN-GARR (Italy)
Israel-IUCC (Israel)
NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)
POL-34 (Poland)
RCCN (Portugal)
RedIRIS (Spain)
RESTENA (Luxembourg)
Stichting SURF (Netherlands)
SWITCH (Switzerland)
TERENA (Europe)
JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)
Asia-Pacific
AAIREP (Australia)
APAN (Asia-Pacific)
APAN-KR (Korea)
APRU (Asia-Pacific)
CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China)
JAIRC (Japan)
JUCC (Hong Kong)
NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand)
SingAREN (Singapore)
TAnet2 (Taiwan)
Americas
CANARIE (Canada)
CUDI (Mexico)
REUNA (Chile)
RETINA (Argentina)
RNP2 (Brazil)
SENACYT (Panama)
24
Internet2 Organization
Board of
Trustees
Chief Executive
Officer
Exec. Assistant
VP
External
Relations
Chief
of
Staff
Exec. Secretary
DC
Office
Applications
Development
Chief
Engineer
Corporate
Relations
VP
for
Operations
Finance
Human Resources
Technical Support
Middleware
Initiative
Communications
E2E Performance
International
Relations
Member
Activities
Network
Infrastructure
25
Internet2 Focus Areas
Advanced Applications
Middleware
Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
26
Internet2 Applications
What are “I2 applications”?
They deliver qualitative and
quantitative improvements in how we
conduct research and engage in
teaching and learning
They require advanced networks to
work
27
Advanced Applications
Goals
• Understand and communicate applications
requirements
• Facilitate collaboration of key user communities
• Help develop key apps components where
needed
28
Different Disciplines/Contexts
Sciences
Arts
Humanities
Health care
Business/Law
Administration
…
Library
Classroom
Clinic
Office
Laboratory
Dorm room
…
29
Application Attributes
Interactive
collaboration
Real-time access to
remote resources
30
Attributes, cont.
Large-scale,
multi-site
computation and
data mining
Shared virtual
reality
Any combination
of the above
31
Advanced Applications
Distance Education
Master music classes
University of Oklahoma
Columbia University
32
Advanced Applications
Remote Access to
Scientific Instruments
Mauna Kea Observatories
AURA
University of Hawaii
33
Advanced Applications
Virtual Laboratories
Space Physics &
Aeronomy Research
Collaboratory (SPARC)
University of Michigan
National Science Foundation
34
Advanced Applications
Shared Virtual Reality
CVD
Alliance
Images courtesy
Univ. of IllinoisChicago
35
Advanced Applications
Tele-medicine
Distributed Real-time,
3-D MRI
Pittsburgh
Supercomputer Center
Images courtesy
Univ. of IllinoisChicago
36
Digital Video
Digital Video Applications
Up to broadcast quality
videoconferencing
Both live distribution
and on-demand access to
a variety of content
HDTV-based digital
cinema, network-based
studio production, …
38
The Internet2 Commons
An effort to encourage and support
large-scale, distributed collaboration for
the research and education community
• Enabling one-to-one, one-to-group, and groupto-group collaboration
• Supporting personal communications, meetings,
conferences, and teaching and learning
• For Internet2 members and their international
partners
39
Other Collaborative
Technologies
Others
MPEG2
AG
VRVS
H.323
Others
Collaboratories
Peer to Peer
Electronic Notebooks
Voice/IP
Instant Messaging
Data Sharing
The Commons Vision
Videoconferencing
Technologies
The Internet2 Commons
40
What is Middleware?
Specialized networked services shared by
applications and users
• Permit scaling of applications and networks
• Take the complexity out of application integration
Second layer of the IT infrastructure, above
the network
Where technology meets policy
What network designers and applications
developers each do not want to do!
41
Core vs. Upper/Network
42
Middleware
Network-based services supporting
applications
• Authentication
• Identification
• Authorization
• Directories
• Security
Commercial efforts
• Microsoft’s .NET
• Liberty Alliance
43
Why Middleware?
Internet2 goal
• Provide environment in which new/advanced
applications can be developed and used
Middleware is the next layer of
infrastructure that needs to be taken for
granted by applications developers
44
Internet2 Middleware Initiative
Focus on core middleware as infrastructure
Interoperability
• 190 universities will never buy the same software
Getting stuff implemented
• Best practices
Integrate into campus infrastructure
• Discourage ‘islands’ of middleware infrastructure
• E.g., core middleware just for this grid project
Enable community to share resources
• Grid, remote instruments, shared classes
45
Internet2 Middleware Initiative
Advisory Groups
• Middleware Architecture Committee for Education
• Early Harvest and Early Adopters
Projects
• Internet2 PKI Labs
– AT&T
– Dartmouth College
– University of Wisconsin
• Shibboleth
– IBM/Tivoli
• Directory of Directories for Higher Education
– Georgetown University
– Sun Microsystems
46
Shibboleth Project
Goal: Support inter-institutional sharing of
resources
Focus: Authenticate locally for access to
shared, licensed resources at another campus
Scenario: Student at Stanford taking class
at MIT need to access licensed materials
(journals) at MIT for class
Bottom line: MIT doesn’t issue new
userid/password, trusts Stanford
authentication
47
Shibboleth Progress
Beta testing with a few schools in February
Code will be available this summer
• IBM supporting coding effort
• Open source implementation
Leverages existing campus authentication
processes/software
Ultimately develop ‘Club Shib’ – group of
universities in trust relationship
48
Internet2 Backbone Network:
Abilene
Established and run by and for Internet2
members
2.4 gigabits per second
207 participating institutions
Reaches 50 states, District of Columbia, &
Puerto Rico
Sponsored participation
• 37 individual institutions
• 18 state education networks
49
Internet2 Backbone Networks
Image Courtesy of:
Donna Cox50and
Robert Patterson, NCSA
Downloading a DVD Using
Internet2 Network Infrastructure
Source: Detroit Free Press
51
Internet2 Network
Infrastructure - Overview
Campus
Regional / State
GigaPop
Backbone
• vBNS
• Abilene
International Connections
52
Network Architecture
Internet2 Interconnect
Cloud
University A
GigaPoP
One
Regional Network
University B
University C
Commercial
Internet
Connections
53
Abilene Background and
Milestones
Abilene is a UCAID project in partnership
with
• Qwest Communications (SONET & DWDM service)
• Nortel Networks (SONET kit)
• Cisco Systems (routers)
• Indiana University (network operations)
• ITECs in North Carolina and Ohio (test and evaluation)
Timeline
• Apr 1988: Project announced at White House
• Jan 1999: Production status for network
• Oct 1999: IP version of HDTV (215 Mbps) over Abilene
• Apr 2001: First state education network added
• Jun 2001: Participation reaches all 50 states & D.C.
• Nov 2001: Raw HDTV/IP (1.5 Gbps) over Abilene
54
Future of Abilene
Original UCAID/Qwest MoU amended on
October 1, 2001
Extension of Qwest’s original commitment
to Abilene for another 5 years – 10/01/2006
• Originally expired March, 2003
Upgrade of Abilene backbone to optical
transport capability - ’s
• X4 increase in the core backbone bandwidth
– OC-48c SONET (2.5 Gbps) to 10-Gbps DWDM
• Capability for flexible provisioning of ’s to support future
point-to-point experimentation and other projects
55
CIO’s Top Three Areas of
Concern and Internet2
Relevance
Area of
Concern
Operations
Stability
Safety / security
Unit cost / efficiency
Business Solutions
Cost savings
Revenue enhancing
Customer satisfaction / quality
Preparing for the Future
Source:
Marv Adams, CIO
Ford Motor Company
Research
Competency / capacity building
Identifying trends & connecting them with
business opportunities and challenges
56
Proactive Information
Technology Management
Active management of a firm’s
intellectual property (IP) portfolio to
enhance shareholder value
A rigorous process of
searching/ tracking new
technologies and of
generating innovative ideas
through their singular or
combined application
Management approaches and
capabilities to maximize value through
rapidly changing technologies and
technology-based innovation
Technology
Strategy and
Governance
IP
Management
Scanning
&
Tracking
Internal/external research and development
(R&D) leading to new technologies and their
uses; does not include incremental or core
business product related R&D
Technology
Portfolio
Management
R&D
Management of investments in
a portfolio of new
technologies and technologybased ideas that have
potential for value creation
Ecosystem
Management
Management of participants in an
ecosystem to spur idea generation and
innovation
Source: Accenture
57
Practically Speaking…
The system of collectively learning and
altering our environment is very fragmented
today in most institutions
Yet, these are the likely eventual realities:
• Inexpensive, widely available high communications
bandwidth
• Other emerging technologies that, when combined with
bandwidth, will enable breakthroughs
• Tomorrow’s survivors will be continuously learning and
taking advantage of technological advances
58
Work of Internet2
Member-focused
Member-led
Internet2 staff provide central staff
Work with other organizations in
networking (IETF, Educause, ISOC)
59
Initiatives and Working Groups
Working Groups
• Multicast
• VoIP…
Initiatives
• End-to-End Network Performance
• Digital Video…
Projects
• Shibboleth
• Abilene…
60
Meetings and Workshops
National Meetings
Technical Workshops
Virtual Briefings
61
Support Framework
Document library
Newsletter
Discussion lists
Calendar
62
www.internet2.edu