NAME
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
EVOLUTION REVIEW SHEET
Background to Evolution
1. What is the process by which a population changes over a very long time?
__________________________________
2. What are the remains of living things found in rock called? (This can show
that an organism has changed over time.) ____________________________
3. Define “Survival of the Fittest”:
4. Who is the scientist that said that giraffes could stretch their necks longer
to reach food and then pass that on to their offspring?
______________________________________
5. How do traits get passed on? ___________________________________________
6. How old is the Earth? _________________________________
Charles Darwin:
1. What islands did Charles Darwin go to? _____________________________
2. Name an organism that Darwin observed that had adaptations for their
particular environment? ______________________________________
3. What is the name of Darwin’s book that described natural selection and
evolution? _______________________________________________________
4. Explain why survival of the fittest is not always survival of the strongest
and give one example.
____________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Which moths were the most common before the pollution from the
Industrial Revolution?________________________________
6. Which moths were the most common after the pollution on the trees
from the Industrial Revolution?___________________________
7. Did the color of the moth population change over time or “evolve”?
_______________________________
8. What are the 4 components of Natural Selection. (See worksheet with
the 4 boxes)
Evidence of Evolution
What are 2 of the 6 types of evidence that show evolution and EXPLAIN how
they support evolution.
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the structures called that show
certain organisms have a recent common
ancestor? They are similar internally but have
evolved in a different environment.
______________________________________________
4. What are Vestigial structures? Give an example
___________________________________________________________________________________
5. What are the structures
called of organisms that
don’t have a recent common
ancestor but they have
adapted to the same
environment?
__________________________________________________________
6. The chart compares the number of DNA
bases that are DIFFERENT between
organisms for a particular gene. Which
organism in the chart are humans most
closely related to (meaning they have a
more recent common ancestor)
____________________________________
7. By how many bases do humans differ
from this organism out of the 312 bases for
this gene? _______________
8. Organisms of closely related species also look similar during development.
During which stage of development do they look the most similar? (Hint: use
the picture below)
_______________________________________________
9. Explain how resistance to antibiotics has shown evidence of evolution.
10. Provide two organisms and an adaptation that has allowed them to
survive in their environment
1:
2: