1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
Walking and Working Surfaces
2.
Means of Egress (Exits, Exit Markings)
3.
Occupational Health and Environmental Controls (Ventilation, Noise, Radiation)
4.
Hazardous Materials (Compressed Gases, Flammable and Combustible Liquids, etc.)
5.
Personal Protective Equipment (Eye and Face Protection, Respiratory Protection, etc.)
6.
Fire Protection (Portable Fire Extinguishers, etc.)
7.
Material Handling and Storage (Powered Industrial Trucks, Cranes)
8.
Machinery and Machine Guarding (Mechanical Power Presses, Abrasive Wheels, etc.)
9.
Hand and Portable Powered Tools
10. Welding, Cutting, and Brazing
11. Electrical
12. Toxic and Hazardous Substances
NOTE: Although many shops may not have these particular hazards/issues/concerns many shops may have others not listed. This lesson does not contain information that
addresses every shop hazard. It is the supervisor's responsibility to perform a Hazard Assessment to determine existing and predictable hazards. It is highly recommended
the shop supervisor or designee contact EH&S for guidance at 480-965-1823 or ehs@asu.edu
2
Walking and Working Surfaces
Housekeeping
Shop floors shall be maintained in a sanitary, clean and, so
far as possible, a dry condition. Where wet processes are
used, drainage shall be provided, and false floors,
platforms, mats, or other dry standing places should be
provided where practicable.
To facilitate cleaning make sure
the floors, working place, and
passageway are kept free from
protruding nails, splinters, holes,
or loose boards.
3
Walking and Working Surfaces
Housekeeping
If mechanical handling equipment is used, sufficient safe
clearances shall be allowed for aisles, at loading docks,
through doorways and wherever turns or passage must
be made.
Aisles and passageways
shall be kept clear and
in good repairs, with no
obstruction across or
in aisles that could
create a hazard.
4
Walking and Working Surfaces
Housekeeping
If materials are stored on a mezzanine floor or if the mezzanine
is used as office space the mezzanine floor must be load tested
and a plate installed indicating the
approved floor loading.
The plates shall not
be removed or defaced
but, if lost, removed,
or defaced, shall be
replaced immediately!
5
Exits and Exits Markings
An exit route must be permanent. Each exit route must be a
permanent part of the workshop!
Each exit and exit markings, at a minimum, shall be:
 Clearly identifiable
 Effectively illuminated
 Instructed to the occupants
 Free from obstructions
For More Information and Guidance
Contact The ASU Fire Marshal's Office
at 480-965-1823
6
Occupational Health and Environmental
Controls (Ventilation, Noise)
An exhaust ventilation system for removing contaminated air
from a space shall be comprised of two or more of the following
elements:
a. enclosure or hood,
b. duct work,
c. dust collecting equipment,
d. exhauster,
e. discharge stack.
For More Information and Guidance Contact
ASU EH&S at 480-965-1823
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Occupational Health and Environmental
Controls (Ventilation, Noise)
ASU has an established (and maintains) an audiometric testing
program for all employees whose exposures equal or exceed an
8-hour time-weighted average of 85 decibels.
To determine your sound
levels and requirements
contact ASU EH&S at
480-965-1823.
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Hazardous Materials
(Compressed Gases, Flammable and Combustible Liquids)
Each workshop supervisor shall determine that compressed gas
cylinders under their control are in a safe condition to the extent that
this can be determined by visual inspection.
All cylinders, at a minimum, shall be:
a. Identifiable as to the type of gas,
b. Secured at the upper half of the cylinder,
c. Capped when not in use.
Incompatible gasses shall not be stored together.
For More Information and Training Contact ASU EH&S at 480-965-1823
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Hazardous Materials
(Compressed Gases, Flammable and Combustible Liquids)
"Flammable liquid" means any liquid having a flashpoint below
100 deg. F. (37.8 deg. C.), except any mixture having
components with flashpoints of 100 deg. F. (37.8 deg. C.) or
higher, the total of which make up 99 percent or more of the
total volume of the mixture.
ALL FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS SHALL
BE PROPER STORED, CONTROLLED
AND DISPOSED OF.
For More Information and Guidance Contact
The ASU Fire Marshal's Office
At 480-965-1823
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Hazardous Materials
(Compressed Gases, Flammable and Combustible Liquids)
"Combustible liquid" means any liquid having a flashpoint at or
above 100 deg. F. (37.8 deg. C.)
ALL COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS SHALL
BE PROPER STORED, CONTROLLED
AND DISPOSED OF.
For More Information and Guidance Contact
The ASU Fire Marshal's Office
At 480-965-1823
11
Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
Protective equipment, including PPE for eyes, face, head, and extremities,
protective clothing, respiratory devices, and protective shields and barriers, shall
be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary and reliable condition wherever it
is necessary by reason of hazards of processes
or environment, chemical hazards, radiological
hazards, or mechanical irritants encountered in
a manner capable of causing injury or
impairment in the function of any
part of the body through absorption,
inhalation or physical contact.
Contact ASU EH&S at 480-965-1823 for Assistance With
Workshop Hazard Assessments and PPE Determinations.
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Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
Where spraying operations take place be sure to have the operations
evaluated for potential air contaminants, what respiratory PPE
is required and other regulatory requirements!
Respirator use requires a personal medical evaluation,
training and respirator fit testing by a qualified person!
Nuisance dust masks are not an effective means
of respiratory protection where chemicals are used!
=
13
Fire Protection
Portable Fire Extinguishers
The workshop shall provide portable fire extinguishers and shall
mount, locate and identify them so that they are readily accessible to
the users without subjecting the user to possible injury.
The workshop shall not provide or make available in the workshop
portable fire extinguishers using carbon tetrachloride or
chlorobromomethane extinguishing agents.
The workshop shall assure that portable
fire extinguishers are maintained in a fully
charged and operable condition and kept in
their designated places at all times.
For More Information, Guidance and Training
Contact The ASU Fire Marshal's Office
at 480-965-1823
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Material Handling And Storage
Storage of material shall not create a hazard. Bags, containers, bundles,
etc., stored in tiers shall be stacked, blocked, interlocked and limited in
height so that they are stable and secure against sliding or collapse.
Storage areas shall be kept free from
accumulation of materials that
constitute hazards from tripping,
fire, explosion, or pest harborage.
X
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Material Handling And Storage
Forklifts , Cranes and Slings
Formal Training Is Required Where Forklifts , Cranes and Slings Are Used!
Contact ASU EH&S at 480-965-1823 for Training
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
Machines designed
for a fixed location
shall be securely
anchored to
prevent walking
or moving.
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
“…but its old and it came this way!...”
It Still Must
Be Guarded!
Internal Belts
Internal Belts
Examples Of
Effective Shop
Made Belt
Guards
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
ANY machine part, function, or process
which may cause injury must be
safeguarded.
WHERE the operation of a machine or
accidental contact with it can injure
the operator or others in
the vicinity, the hazard
must be either controlled
or eliminated.
So, one of the first things to do in
determining machine guarding is to
identify the different hazards
associated with various types
of machines and equipment
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
WHERE MECHANICAL HAZARDS OCCUR
•
POINT OF OPERATION
 is that point where the work is performed.
•
ALL PARTS OF THE MACHINE WHICH MOVE, SUCH AS:
 flywheels, pulleys, belts, couplings, chains, cranks, gears, etc.
 feed mechanisms and auxiliary parts of the machine.
•
IN-RUNNING NIP POINTS
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
• PREVENT CONTACT - prevent any part of the
worker’s body (i.e., long hair, beard), clothing
or jewelry from contacting hazardous moving
parts.
• SECURE - firmly secured to machine and not
easily removed.
• PROTECT FROM FALLING OBJECTS - ensure that
no objects can fall into moving parts.
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
• CREATE NO NEW HAZARDS - must not have shear
points, jagged edges or unfinished surfaces.
• CREATE NO INTERFERENCE - must not prevent worker
from performing the job quickly and comfortably.
• ALLOW SAFE LUBRICATION - if possible,
be able to lubricate the machine
without removing the
safeguards.
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METHODS OF MACHINE SAFEGUARDING
• GUARDS
 Fixed
 Interlocked
 Adjustable
 Self-adjusting
• DEVICES
 Presence sensing
 Pullback
 Restraint
 Safety controls
(tripwire cable, twohand control, etc.)
 Gates
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
HOLDING TOOLS - examples
• USED to place and remove
stock in the danger area.
• NOT to be used instead of
other machine safeguards,
but as a supplement.
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
FIXED GUARDS - examples
Auto Drill Press
Belt And Pulleys
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
ADJUSTABLE GUARD
Provides a barrier
which may be
adjusted to facilitate
a variety of production
operations.
Guide
Adjustment
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
SELF-ADJUSTING GUARD
Provides a barrier which
moves according to the
size of the stock entering
the danger area.
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
Woodworking routers are wonderful tools and are safe
when properly guarded and used as shown above!
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
Wood Lathe
Metal Lathe
Be Sure To Securely Anchor The Lathes !
Lathes are also wonderful tools. Make sure anyone who uses
these tools are properly trained in the safe operation and
maintenance such as, but not limited to, stock guards!
…and remember – lathe areas always need constant housekeeping!
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
LOCATION/DISTANCE
• Locate the machine, or its
dangerous moving parts,
so that it is not accessible
or does not present a hazard
to a worker during normal
operation.
• Maintain a safe distance
from the danger area.
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Machinery and Machine Guarding
ABRASIVE WHEEL MACHINERY
TOOL RESTS must be kept
with a maximum opening
of 1/8-inch to prevent
the work from being
jammed between the
wheel and the rest
which may result in
wheel breakage.
1/8”
Machinery and Machine Guarding
ABRASIVE WHEEL MACHINERY
The distance between the
wheel periphery and
the adjustable tongue
must never exceed
1/4”
1/4-inch.
Ps…never use a wheel that has
a damaged or uneven surface!
32
Hand And Power Tools
All hand and power tools shall be provided and used in a safe
manner in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications.
All users shall be trained in the proper use and care of all
power tools used.
X
…and always
wear the
appropriate
PPE!
33
Hand And Power Tools
Compressed Air Used For Cleaning
Compressed air shall not be
used for cleaning purposes
except where reduced to less
than 30 p.s.i. and then only
with effective chip guarding
X
and personal protective
equipment.
34
Welding, Cutting and Brazing
Before cutting or welding is permitted, the area shall be inspected
by the individual responsible for authorizing cutting and welding
operations and shall designate
precautions to be followed in
granting authorization to proceed
in the form of a written permit.
Contact The ASU Fire Marshal’s Office
For Information and Guidance at
480-965-1823
35
Electrical
Electric equipment such as (but not limited to):
 Powered Hand Tools
 Flexible Cords
 Pedestal Equipment
 Bench Equipment
…shall be free from recognized hazards that are likely to
cause death or serious physical harm to employees.
WHERE REQUIRED ALL ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
SHALL BE EFFECTIVELY GROUNDED!
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Electrical
Flexible cords and cables shall not be used:
 As a substitute for the fixed wiring of a structure;
 Where run through holes in walls, ceilings, or floors;
 Where run through doorways, windows, or similar openings;
 Where attached to building surfaces;
 Where concealed behind building walls, ceilings, or floors.
X
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Electrical
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI)
shall be provided at locations
where the potential for wet
operations are performed/exist.
G
F
C
I
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Electrical
The width of working space in front of the electric equipment shall be the
width of the equipment or 762 mm (30 in.), whichever is greater.
and
Circuit breakers shall clearly
indicate whether they are in
the open (off) or
closed (on) position.
X
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Toxic and Hazardous Substances
Workshops shall maintain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
for all chemicals in their possession.
Storage and use of all chemicals shall
meet the requirements of regulatory
agencies and the manufacturer.
All response to spills/exposures shall
be in compliance with requirements
provided in the MSDS and ASU’s policies
and procedures.
Contact ASU EH&S For
Guidance and Information
at 480-965-1823
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Thank You For Your Participation!
Click One More Time For Your Free
Basic Machine Shop Safety Rules Poster!
…and good luck with the quiz
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Always wear personal protective equipment (PPE).
Secure long hair, loose clothing and jewelry.
Use only electrically safe cords and equipment.
& Know the tools/equipment you operate!
Maintain good housekeeping.
Ensure effective machine guarding.
For More Information and Guidance
Please Call ASU EH&S at 480-965-1823