Revival and Reform
Standards & Essential Question
• SSUSH 7c: Describe the reform
movements, specifically temperance,
abolitionism and public school.
• E.Q. What are the underlying causes of
the reform movement?
An Emerging America
Literature
Democracy in America—Alexis de
Tocqueville
Domestic Manners of Americans—Frances
Trollope
Materialism, Restlessness & Instability
Religion in America
The Second Great Awakening
Charles Grandison Finney
Camp meetings
Circuit riders
Finis Ewing, Peter Cartwright
New denominations
The “burned-out” district
The Adventists
William Miller & Joshua V. Himes
Halley’s comet
Hiram Edson
The Mormons
Joseph Smith
Moving west
Nauvoo, IL
Brigham Young 55 wives & 56 children
Salt Lake City, UT
Polygamy
William Miller
Joseph Smith
Brigham Young
Utopian communities
Brook Farm
The Shakers
Mother Ann Lee
New Harmony
Robert Owen
Fruitlands
Bronson Alcott
Oneida
John Humphrey Noyes
“Complex marriages”
Eugenics
Mother Ann Lee and the
Shakers
The Oneida’s
Transcendentalism
Ralph Waldo Emerson--Nature
Henry David Thoreau—Civil Disobedience &
Walden
Dissenters
Nathaniel Hawthorne—Brook Farm
Margaret Fuller
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Other new fads and trends
• Phrenology
• Health fads—warm springs
• Smallpox vaccine discovered
• Ignaz Semmelweis
• Indian Reservation Reform
• Education reform
– Horace Mann
Evangelical Reformers
Gallaudet, Howe & Bridgman
Dorothea Dix
Prison reform
Cesare Beccaria
Pennsylvania System
Auburn System
Juvenile crime
Moral and social reform
Early temperance movement
Dr. Benjamin Rush
Washington Temperance Society
Sons of Temperance
John B. Gough
Prohibition
Massachusetts
Fifteen Gallon Law
New York
Maine
Problems with Immigration
Customs and culture
Religion
Catholicism
Anti-Catholicism movement
Order of the Star Spangled Banner
“Know-nothings” (American party)
Missionaries
American Tract Society & American
Bible Society
American Board of Foreign Missions
Sandwich Islands, Hawaii
The Women’s Movement
Seneca Falls convention
“Declaration of Sentiments & Resolutions”
Lucretia Mott & Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Abolitionists
Lucretia Mott
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Susan B. Anthony
Amelia Bloomer
Abolitionists
• William Lloyd Garrison
• American Abolitionist Society
Workers movement