Chapter 19 Guided Reading
Instructions: Answer the questions in short answer form. You do not need sentences. If you know
the answer to these questions you will know this chapter.
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What inspiration did Rome have on the future politics in Europe?
What was generally happening to the Byzantine Empire at this time?
What was generally happening to Western Europe at this time?
Describe the politics of Medieval Europe in one sentence.
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What was good about the theme system? (2)
How was the theme system undermined?
How did this affect the Byzantines? (3)
Why was Western Europe expanding?
Where were the Norman conquests?
How did the Crusades affect the Byzantines?
Which group pressured the Byzantines from the east?
Massive battle, year, and victor
Crucial territory lost to the Muslims
Conqueror of Constantinople
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People who took regional authority post-Carolingians (MA)
Regional leader in N. Germany mid-10th century
Where he campaigned (MA)
How was the Holy Roman Empire created?
Why didn’t the Holy Roman Empire become more powerful?
Who actions by the Holy Roman Emperors strained relations with the church? (2)
What is investiture? Why did it occur?
Main characters of Investiture.
Main conflict in Investiture contest.
Effect on German princes (MA)
Conflicting points between popes and Holy Roman Emperors (2)
Who is Frederick Barbarossa?
Conflict between Barbarossa and the Church?
Resolution of this conflict
Political structure in France and England
Who was Hugh Capet?
Why was he made king?
How did the Capetian kings expand their authority? (MA)
Who were the Normans?
Political structure of Normandy
What do they “emerge” as in the 11th century?
Invader of England and when?
Comparison of government systems between Normans and Capetians (similarities and differences)
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Political structure in Italy
Role of church in Italian politics? (MA)
What changes in Italy socially and economically that led to political changes?
Major political structure by 12th century?
Group who invaded southern Italy- did they receive papal approval?
What city-state would emerge due to #42?
Political structure in Iberia.
Area still in Christian control.
What happens mid-11th century?
Status of Iberia in late 13th?
Compare European politics to China.
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What did better political organization lead to in Medieval Europe?
Foundation of economic growth and its factors. (4)
Why was Europe experiencing population pressure?
What was done to increase amount of arable land?
Why were lords upset? What changed their mind?
Better agricultural techniques? (4)
How did they spread farming techniques and crops?
Expanded use of what 2 techs?
What two horse-based techs improved farming?
Population change from 800-1300 (just beginning and end)
What did population growth help stimulate?
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Why could Europe now support large #s of urban residents?
Areas of rapid urban growth. (2)
Growth of towns -> Increased __________________ -> Expansion of ________________
What sector especially increased?
Why was Italy suited for urban revival?
10th century port cities (2)
11th century port cities (3)
Trade network of Baltic and Black Sea
Regions of trade network (3)
Goods traded (3)
More trade led to the development of what? (3)
What did credit make possible and why?
72. The three estates, in order. (3)
73. What does this tell us about the time and place?
74. Who were clerics most responsible to?
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Who supplied the nobility’s way of living?
What was the new expectation of the warrior nobility?
What is chivalry?
What are troubadours?
Who was Eleanor of Aquitaine? (MA)
How did the growth of major cities impact the power of the old nobility?
What was occurring in cities by late 11th century? (4)
Who controlled Medieval cities?
What were guilds?
When did they come to dominate urban economies?
Economic aspects of guilds (3)
Social aspects of guilds (4)
Changes for urban women.
Relationship between guilds and women.