AP EURO STUDY GUIDE
CH. 23 “Age of Progress” 1870-1914
IDENTIFICATIONS
1. the "weekend"
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2. Coney Island and Blackpool
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3. "day-trippers"
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4. Thomas Edison and Joseph Swan
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5. Graham Bell
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6. Guglielmo Marconi
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7. internal combustion engine
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8. Gottlieb Daimler
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9. Henry Ford
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10. Wilbur and Orville Wright
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11. cartels
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12. the assembly line
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13. Second Industrial Revolution
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14. sweatshops and "sweating"
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15. white-collar jobs
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16. Contagious Diseases Acts
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17. Wilhelm Liebknecht and August Bebel
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18. Social Democratic Party
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19. Jean Jaures
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20. May Day
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21. Marxist "revisionism"
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22. Eduard Bernstein
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23. Michael Bakunin and anarchism
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24. Public Health Act of 1875
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25. V.A. Huber
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26. Octavia Hill
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27. plutocrats
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28. Consuelo Vanderbilt
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29. domestic servants
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30. Lord Tennyson's The Princess
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31. Aletta Jacob and "family planning"
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32. Boy Scouts
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33. "yellow press"
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34. music halls and dance halls
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35. Thomas Cook
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36. the Football Association and National and American Leagues
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37. Reform Act of 1884
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38. Irish Home Rule
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39. France's Third Republic
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40. the Commune
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41. General Georges Boulanger
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42. Spanish-American War
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43. Cuba and the Philippines
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44. the Reichstag
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45. Kulturkampf
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46. Bismarck's welfare legislation
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47. William II
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48. Magyarization
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49. Alexander III and Nicholas II
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50. Russification
1. Which one of the following was not a part of the emergence of the late nineteenth century
"mass society"?
a. the extension of voting rights to the lower classes.
b. diminishment of the conditions of the lower classes.
c. a better standard of living for the lower classes.
d. mass leisure.
e. the "weekend" became established as a time of fun.
2. By 1871, the focus of Europeans' lives had become
a. their weekends.
b. their schools.
c. their favorite sports teams.
d. the national state.
e. their church.
3. The "Second Industrial Revolution" saw the advent of what new product?
a. textiles
b. steel
c. coal
d. railroads
e. factories
4. What type of new energy source powered the second industrial revolution?
5. Which one of the following did not lead the way to new industrial frontiers during the Second
Industrial Revolution?
a. steel
b. petroleum
c. electricity
d. chemicals
e. textiles
6. Who amongst the following was key to the development of the automobile?
a. Henry Ford
b. T. Boone Pickens
c. Nelson D. Rockefeller
d. Walter Chrysler
e. Gottlieb Daimler
7. In a cartel
a. a vertically integrated company worked to monopolize all business in its industry.
b. independent enterprises worked together to control prices and fix production quotas.
c. independent associations of grocers cooperated to artificially drive down prices.
d. private militias orchestrated intelligence gathering to diminish the police powers of
modern nation states.
e. dependent enterprises worked with an overseeing organization to lower tariffs.
8. After 1870, who replaced Great Britain as the leading industrial power in Europe?
9. By 1900, which of the following nations was the least advanced industrially?
a. Britain.
b. Germany.
c. France.
d. Belgium.
e. Spain.
10. In late nineteenth-century Europe, increased competition for foreign markets and the
growing importance of domestic demand for economic development led to
a. the elimination of trade restrictions like tariffs.
b. a strong reaction against free trade and imposition of steep protective tariffs by most
nations.
c. greater economic instability and a sequence of ever deeper economic depressions.
d. closer economic cooperation among the great powers.
e. greater investment by the United States in the European economy.
11. Which one of the following pairings does not accurately present a nation of origin with its
leading export item bound for Europe?
a. Argentina and beef.
b. Brazil and coffee.
c. Chile and gold.
d. Algeria and iron.
e. Java and sugar.
12. Employment opportunities for women during the Second Industrial Revolution
a. changed in quality and quantity with the expansion of the service sector.
b. declined dramatically as prostitution became illegal.
c. increased greatly with working-class men pushing their wives to work outside the home.
d. declined when piece-work was abandoned as inefficient and "sweatshops" were outlawed.
e. declined because labor unions forced governments to restrict most employment
opportunities to men only.
13. During the Second Industrial Revolution, working-class organizations emphasized the
gender role of women as
14. A rise in female prostitution in European cities during the later nineteenth century can best
be attributed to
a. heavy migration to cities by country women and their increasingly desperate struggle for
urban economic survival.
b. greater public toleration of sex workers and abandonment of all municipal efforts to police
the trade.
c. the acceptance by clergymen of the sex trade as an economic necessity for poorer women.
d. the declining interest of men and women to form families.
e. the decline in available husbands due to various STDs.
15. By 1912, what was the single largest political party in Germany?
16. An issue that brought socialists together in the nineteenth century was
a. nationalism.
b. revisionism.
c. the need for military action.
d. the desire to improve working and living conditions for most workers.
e. a fear that Marxism would submerge the socialist alternatives.
17. Eduard Bernstein, in his book Evolutionary Socialism, claimed that
a. the only hope for the workers was a violent revolution.
b. socialism could best be achieved through the democratic process.
c. unions should bargain with employers and avoid politics.
d. the poor were too ignorant to be allowed to vote.
e. true communism would take hundreds of years to evolve.
18. Anarchist movements were most successful in
a. industrialized countries like Great Britain and Germany.
b. toppling national governments through assassinations.
c. restoring legitimacy to radical movements through peaceful dialogue with political
opponents.
d. less industrialized and less democratic countries where ordinary people could see no hope
of peaceful political change.
e. countries with revolutionary traditions like France.
19. Which one of the following did not account for the increasing population in Europe between
1850 and 1880?
a. a rising birthrate
b. the development of vaccinations
c. the eradication of polio
d. improved elimination of sewage
e. improved nutrition
20. Between 1850 and 1910, European population increased from ________ to __________.
What would be causal factors for this explosion?
21. By 1914, what percentage of Britain's population lived in cities?
a. 100 percent
b. 50 percent
c. 10 percent
d. 40 percent
e. 80 percent
22. Reforms in urban living included all of the following except
a. the development of pure water and sewerage systems.
b. model homes built for the poor by wealthy philanthropists.
c. the demolition of old, unneeded urban defensive walls, replaced by wide avenues.
d. a successful effort to clean up all polluted rivers and lakes.
e. some increases in governmental regulations.
23. Octavia Hill's housing venture was designed to
a. give the poor an environment they could use to improve themselves.
b. give the poor charity since they could never help themselves.
c. let the wealthy know what it was like to be poor.
d. break down class barriers in London.
e. make the upper classes feel better and improve their self-esteem by doing something for
the downtrodden of society.
24. The middle classes of nineteenth-century Europe
a. were composed mostly of shopkeepers and manufacturers who barely lived above the
poverty line.
b. offered little opportunity for women in improving their lot.
c. were very concerned with propriety and shared values of hard work and Christian
morality.
d. viewed progress with distrust as they did not wish to lose their economic gains.
e. were sinking in economic and social security because of the increase of plutocrats.
25. For Elizabeth Poole Sanford, women should
a. avoid being self-sufficient.
b. strive to become equal to men.
c. accept their roles at home until new governmental reforms were instituted.
d. make it known to their husbands that they were dissatisfied.
e. take employment outside the home to become economically self-sufficient.
26. Daughters in European working-class families
a. were fully expected to work until marriage.
b. by long custom, were kept at home until of age to marry.
c. were barred from working by state law in many countries.
d. had traditionally never shown an interest in working either before or after marriage.
e. enrolled in vocational schools until marriage and then entered the work-place.
27. By 1900, most European educational systems
a. were free and compulsory at least at the primary level.
b. were expensive to operate, and charged high tuition.
c. were backward and lacked good teachers.
d. still taught a "medieval" variety of subjects.
e. had declined because of lack of governmental interest and support.
28. The "father" of tourism in England was
29. Which of the following was a major development in British politics before 1914?
a. the continual growth of political democracy
b. the peaceful and successful settlement of the "Irish question"
c. the transformation of the Fabians into the Conservatives
d. the reduction of the power of the House of Commons
e. the strengthening of the monarchy after the death of Queen Victoria
30. When the Irish representative in Parliament Charles Parnell called for "home rule," what was
he requesting?
a. Ireland's complete separation from England.
b. That Ireland rule all of Great Britain
c. That Ireland get its own parliament but remain part of Great Britain.
d. That Ireland and Scotland form their own nation without England.
e. No one knows, as he died of a heart attack partway through his speech.