Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide
Name_________________________________________________Period______
Read p. 51
1. Who used the term “cells” to view cork?__________________________
2. Who made a more refined microscope to view pond water?__________________
Read pp. 52-53
Fill in the following chart:
Type of Microscope
How it works
Maximum
magnification
LM
SEM
TEM
Define: magnification
Define: micrograph
Define: resolution
What are two parts of the Cell Theory?
1.
2.
Read p. 54
1. Circle: Large cells have (more or less) surface area than small cells, but they have much (more or
less) surface area relative to their volume than small cells.
2. Describe a plasma membrane:
Honors Biology Study Guide 4 p. 2
3. Draw a sketch of a phospholipid membrane, labeling the hydrophobic and the hydrophilic
regions.
4. What are some molecules that can freely move through a phospholipid membrane?
What are some molecules that cannot freely move through a phospholipid membrane?
Read p. 55
1. Contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:
2. Draw a sketch of a bacteria cell (label ribosomes, nucleoid, capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane,
flagella and fimbriae.
Read p. 56-57
Fill in the chart :
Organelle
nucleus
Structure (can sketch)
Function
Very small found on ER
or in cytoplasm
Energy processing
Long whip-like
Plasmodesmata
Green, contains
chlorophyll
Protein fibers that
extend throughout the
cell
Cell Wall
Honors Biology Study Guide p. 3
Read p. 58
1. What is the difference among DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes?
2. What is the job of the nucleolus?
3. Where is mRNA made and what is its job?
Read p. 59
1. What is the job of ribosomes?
2. Ribosomes can be found in what two areas of the cell?
3. What structures are included in the endomembrane system?
4. What does ER stand for?_____________________________________________
Read pp. 60-61
Fill in the chart:
Smooth ER
Synthesizes:
Organ with lots of
Smooth ER:
Functions to store
_______ions
What it looks like:
Rough ER
Makes more:
Tiny sacs of the
membrane are
called:
Proteins in the
rough ER make:
What it looks like:
Describe what is going on in this
diagram? Label See Fig. 4.8B
Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide p. 4
Read p. 61
Draw what the Golgi apparatus looks like:
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Read p. 62
Draw what the lysosome looks like:
Describe at least three functions of the lysosome:
Read p. 63
Label the diagram to the left:
Nuclear membrane
Rough ER
Transport vesicle from Golgi to plasma membrane
Vacuole
Transport vesicle from ER to Golgi
Smooth ER
Plasma membrane
Read pp. 63-4
Fill in the chart:
ORGANELLE
Function
Special structures
Sketch
Mitochondrion
Chloroplast
According to the endosymbiont hypothesis what are chloroplasts and mitochondrion once thought to
be?
Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide p. 5
Read p. 65
Fill in the chart:
Cytoskeleton Type
Microfilament
Structure Description
Function Description
Examples
Intermediate filament
Microtubule
Read p. 66-68
What is the difference between the structure of cilia and of flagella?
What is meant by 9+2?
What does ECM stand for? What is it mostly made of? What are integrins? What is pectin?
Describe the three types of cell junctions found in animal tissues?
Tight Junctions
Anchoring Junctions
Describe each of these parts of plant cell enclosures:
Cell wall
Primary layer
Secondary Wall
Read p. 69
List organelles that are found in each category:
Genetic control
Manufacturing,
distribution, breakdown
Energy Processing
Gap Junctions
Plasma membrane
Structural support,
movement, communication