The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
A way of life for people with similar beliefs!
Culture
is how
People live,
according to their
Beliefs and
Customs
Shared American Culture
Personal Culture (Traits)
“A Particular Group’s way of doing things!”
Chinese
Italian
Greek
Yom Kippur
Easter
The Four Primary Developments
of Human Culture !
Tools:
______________
Fire:
______________
Agriculture:
_____________________
Writing:
______________
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Tools /Technology
Tools were used for hunting, defense, farming and building!
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Fire!
Fire can be utilized for warmth, light and cooking!
Warmth
Which of these was most important for human development? ____________
Heat allowed humans to move into colder climates and populate the world!
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Writing
Writing is a means of communication other than verbal.
History!
But most important, writing created . . .? _____________
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Agriculture
Farming: The most important of all the four developments.
People no longer wandered aimlessly or followed herds for food.
They stayed in one place!
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Agriculture!
Farming led to settled homes!
Settled homes led to society – communities!
Communities led to common language!
Social interaction led to rules, law and government!
. . . Civilization!
Government
A Government creates and enforces the laws of a society.
Constitution
A constitution is a system of laws that limit and define a government’s powers.
Notes:
Culture: A Way of life for people with similar beliefs.
American Culture: Shared American beliefs, customs and ideas.
The Four Developments of Civilization /Culture:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Tools /Technology: Assisted early man’s development through hunting,
building and farming.
Fire: Helped early man populate the world providing warmth in cold climates.
Writing: Created history – and helped early man communicate nonverbally.
Agriculture: Farming provided a steady food supply. This led to settled homes
and early communities which eventually led to civilization.
A Government is a Political System – A Political System is a Government.
Government: Creates and Enforces the laws of a society.
Constitution: A system of laws that limit and define a government’s powers.
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Political Systems
Adolf Hitler
Dictator
Fascism
Franklin Roosevelt
U.S. President
Democracy
Joseph Stalin
Dictator
Communism
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Political Systems
Presidents
Dictators
Kings
North Korean Dictator:
Kim Jong Un
U.S. President John F. Kennedy
Bruneian Crown Prince AlMuhtadee Billah Bolkiah
A Political System is a type of Government.
There are five core types of political systems.
1. Representative Democracy
2. Direct Democracy
United States
Ancient Greece
3. Monarchy
Saudi Arabia
4. Constitutional Monarchy
United Kingdom
5. Dictatorship
Cuba
Representative Democracy
In a Representative Democracy voters elect officials
to represent them. These Representatives make and
enforce the laws of the government.
1. Representative Democracy
The United States is a Representative Democracy!
Yes!
Is the United States of America a Republic? ________
“I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America . . . and to the Republic
for which it stands . . .”
2. Direct Democracy
Direct Democracy was created by the ancient Greeks.
It is the type of government where people create the laws without the aid of
elected leaders.
There are no candidates, leaders, or elected representatives.
Citizens vote on all the issues and create all the laws.
3. Monarchy
A monarchy is a government ruled by a King
or Queen
A monarch is a King or Queen.
An Absolute Monarchy means that the King or
Queen has absolute power over the government
and the people
In a monarchy power is inherited. The next
monarch, by tradition, is the first born son of
the ruling king or queen. A ruling family is
called a Dynasty.
4. Constitutional Monarchy
( Also known as a Parliamentary Monarchy)
A real and legitimate Royal Family does exist.
The King or Queen have no real power
The government is run by a legislative body
known as Parliament
There are two houses of Parliament:
* The House of Lords ( No Power)
* The House of Commons (True Power)
The House of Commons is a group of elected
officials that make all the laws and policies of
government
The leader of the House of Commons is an
Prime Minister
elected official known as the _______________
5. Dictatorship
A dictator makes all the laws, dictates all policies, and
has total power over the government and its people
This type of total power is called “Totalitarianism”
A dictator seizes power and takes over the government
by force ( this is called a “Coup”)
A dictator rules with the help of a “Puppet Party”
The puppet party is a political party that votes exactly
the way the dictator requests
Copy Down Chart
For notes!
Government
Political Systems
System
Representative
Democracy
Laws are made by
leaders chosen in
free elections
Direct
Democracy
Laws are made
directly by the people
Monarchy
-Absolute PowerLaws are made by
the King or Queen
Constitutional
Monarchy
Dictatorship
Laws are made by
elected leaders of
Parliament
One Leader Rules
-Totalitarianism-
Lawmakers
Copy Down Chart
For Notes!
Achieve Power
Example
Elected Officials
Representatives of the
people
Through campaigns
and free elections
United States
-The PeopleCitizens & Registered
Voters
Direct Voting
Referendum Ballot
Ancient Greece
King or Queen
The next in Line to rule
Born into power
-Inherited- (Heir)
is called the HEIR
Ruling Family = Dynasty
-ParliamentH.O. Commons
Elected Officials
Make the Laws
Commons
H.O Lords
Elected to
Born into power
Advise Only
Parliament
Dictator makes laws with
the help of a “Puppet Party”
Lords
Saudi Arabia
United Kingdom
Inherited
Seize power by
force! (Coup)
Cuba
Question:
In your opinion . . .
What is the best type of political system?
“Which government is the Best”
Explain!
Question:
Can a political system or type of
government be worth fighting
(and possibly dying) for?
Sudetenland
Invasion of Soviet Union (Russia)
Operation Barbarossa
June 22, 1941
VE Day
War’s Over Hitler’s Dead!
May 7, 1945
V. J. Day!
Japan is Defeated
WWII is Over!
August 15, 1945
The Human Experience
Culture -- Politics -- Economics
Presidents
Remember:
Political Systems / Governments
- Create and enforce law
- Impact people’s Lives
- Decide on war and peace
Economic Systems
There are three main types of economic systems:
Capitalism
Capitalism is an economic system used by the United States.
In a capitalist system all businesses, property and industry are
owned by the people.
Capitalism
Capitalism uses a “Free Market” system
whereby businesses and consumers make deals
. . .and they determine their own prices and wages
Communism
Karl Marx – Vladimir Lenin – Mao Tse Tung
In a communist system all property, business and industry is
owned by the government!
All prices and wages are set by the government!
Communism
Karl Marx and Frederic Engels collaborated
in writing the “Communist Manifesto” (1848),
a sort of Bible for Communist revolutionaries.
Karl Marx wrote “ Das Kapital” –
He proposed that the motivating force of
capitalism is to exploit the workers.
Marxist theories include the end of social class
and the absence of rich and poor.
Karl Marx
Marxism later became known as Communism
Communism
Vladimir Lenin became the ruler of Russia in 1917.
The Czar and his family were executed.
Lenin’s political party was called the “Bolsheviks”
He created the first communist state in the world.
Russia was renamed the Soviet Union
Vladimir Lenin
Socialism
In a socialist economic system the government
owns all essential business and industry and the
people own all non – essential business and
industry.
Basic industries that are important to people’s
lives, such as health care – higher education –
heat – electricity – etc. are owned and run by the
government. These industries are deemed to
vital to be run by companies for profits.
Non – basic industries, such as restaurants –
department stores – hotels – etc. are owned by
private people.
Copy Down Chart
For Notes!
Economic System
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
Cuba
Economic Systems
Business & Industry
Property & Business
are privately owned
by the people!
Copy Down Chart
For Notes!
Wages & Prices
“Free Market”
Consumers and
Businesses set all
Wages & Prices
Essential Industries are
Government sets all
wned by the government!
- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -Non-Essential Industries
are owned by the people!
wages and prices!
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -“Free Market system”
All Property, Businesses
and Industries are owned
by the government!
All Wages and Prices are
set by the government!
Example
United States
Japan
France
Denmark
China
Economic Terms
Economy
An Economy is a system of producing, distributing, and
consuming goods and services!
Economy
Producer
Owners & Workers creating goods to be sold!
Goods
Finished products to be sold for profit!
Consumer
People who buy goods and services!
Services
Doctors
Hairdressers
Lawyers
A valuable service or function performed by people for profit!
Notes:
Capitalism is the economic system of the United States
“Free Market” allows trade and business to determine their own prices and wages
Karl Marx wrote the “Communist Manifesto” and “Das Kapital”
Marxism is also known as Communism.
Vladimir Lenin created the first communist state in Russia ( The Soviet Union)
An Economy is a system of producing, distributing, and consuming goods and services.
Producers are owners and workers creating goods to be sold.
Goods are finished products to be sold for profit.
Services are a valuable function or service performed by people for profit.
Consumers are people who buy goods and services.
Also Remember:
A Government creates and enforces the laws of a society.
A Constitution is a set of laws that define and limit a government’s powers.