CHEMICAL BONDING NOTES
Turn to page 1 of your
CHEMICAL BONDING PACKET
Atoms
&
Chemical Bonding
Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,
Modified in 2011
NOTES
Valence Electrons
• Electrons in the outermost energy
level are known as valence
electrons.
• Valence electrons are important
because they are the only ones
involved in chemical bonding.
Valence Electrons
• Valence electrons can be gained,
lost, or shared by atoms during
chemical bonding.
• This desire for a certain amount of
valence electrons is what causes
chemical reactions.
Valence Electrons
• How many valence
electrons in this atom?
• REMEMBER VALENCE
ELECTRONS ARE
ONLY THOSE IN THE
OUTER ENERGY
LEVEL
How many valence
electrons in this atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
6
How many valence
electrons in this atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
9
7
3
2
How many valence
electrons in this
atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
88
How many valence
electrons in this
atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
88
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Turn in your COMPLETED TEST
ANALYSIS
Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,
Modified in 2011
Atoms
&
Chemical Bonding
Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,
Modified in 2011
Review Questions
Ready your remote
Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,
Modified in 2011
How many valence
electrons in this atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
6
How many valence
electrons in this atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
12
How many valence
electrons in this atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
20
How many valence
electrons in this atom?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
4
38
CHEMICAL BONDING NOTES
Turn to page 1 of your
CHEMICAL BONDING PACKET
LEARNING TARGET:
Rows on the Periodic Table
• Rows across the periodic table are
known as periods.
• Elements in the same row have the
same number of energy levels.
• This outer energy level is often
referred to as the valence energy
level or the valence shell.
Families on the Periodic Table
• Elements in the same column of
the periodic table are known as
groups or families.
• Elements in the same family have
the same number of valence
electrons.
Families & Properties
• Since elements in the same family
have the same number of valence
electrons, they behave very similarly
in a chemical reaction.
• Therefore, atoms in the same family
have very similar properties!!!
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Complete p. 6-7 of your packet
Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,
Modified in 2011
Quick Review
• Look back to your notes on Page 1 & 2
Rows on the Periodic Table
• Rows across the periodic table are
known as periods.
• Elements in the same row have the
same number of energy levels.
• This outer energy level is often
referred to as the valence energy
level or the valence shell.
Families on the Periodic Table
• Elements in the same column of
the periodic table are known as
groups or families.
• Elements in the same family have
the same number of valence
electrons.
Families & Properties
• Since elements in the same family
have the same number of valence
electrons, they behave very similarly
in a chemical reaction.
• Therefore, atoms in the same family
have very similar properties!!!
Columns on the periodic table
are called
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Periods
Groups
Compounds
Bonding Reagents
What is true of elements in the
same column of the periodic table?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Same first letter
Similar properties
Same number of protons as neutrons
Discovered in the same year
Rows on the periodic table are
called
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Groups
Compounds
Periods
Bonding reagents
How many valence electrons
does bromine have(A# = 35) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
8
7
6
4
Using the Periodic Table
• How to Determine the Number
of Valence Electrons
How many valence electrons
does phosphorus have(A# = 15) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
8
7
6
5
What is the valence energy
level of strontium (A# = 38) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
What is the valence shell of
Mercury (A# = 80) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
3rd
4th
5th
6th
What is the valence shell of
calcium (A# = 20) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
How many valence electrons
does calcium have(A# = 20) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
4
Atoms
&
Chemical Bonding
Created in 2008 by Tim F. Rowbotham,
Modified in 2011
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Since only the valence electrons
are involved in chemical
bonding, chemists have a
quicker, easier way to represent
atoms when showing bonding
called an electron dot diagram.
Electron Dot Diagrams
• An electron dot diagram is
simply the chemical symbol of
an element with 1 dot for every
valence electron it has.
• This is also referred to as a
Lewis dot structure.
Sample Dot Diagrams
JOURNAL # 1
Create electron dot diagrams for…
Aluminum (A#13)
Phosphorus (A#15)
Bromine (A#35)
Rubidium (A#37)
Krypton (A#36)
Strontium (A#38)
Iron (A#26)
Learning Checks
• Ready your Remotes
Rows on the periodic table are
called
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Groups
Compounds
Periods
Bonding reagents
What is true of elements in the
same column of the periodic table?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Same first letter
Same # valence electrons & similar properties
Same number of protons as neutrons
Discovered in the same year
How many valence electrons
does aluminum have(A# = 13) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
2
3
4
5
What is the valence shell of
aluminum (A# = 13) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
Using the Periodic Table
• Return Your Remote
• Pick up & Complete Periodic Table WS
• Complete PACKET p.8 “Properties
of a Missing Element”
Using the Periodic Table
• Valence Electrons, Lewis Dot
Diagrams & Bohr Models
Entrance Questions
• Ready your Remotes
• Get out a periodic table
Columns on the periodic table
are called
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Periods
Families
Compounds
Bonding Reagents
25%
25%
25%
25%
What is true of elements in the
same column of the periodic table?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Same first letter
Same number of valence electrons
Same number of protons as neutrons
Same number of energy levels
How many valence electrons
does chlorine have(A# = 17) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
8
7
6
17
Chlorine-37 would have how
many neutrons? (A#17)
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
7
17
20
37
How many valence electrons does
phosphorus have (A# = 15) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
3
5
7
Classwork Assignments
•
•
•
•
•
Return your Remotes
Read Text pages 130-138 (Chapter 5.2)
Complete Chap 5.2 Reading Organizer
Complete pages 9–12 of Chem Bonding Pack
Add to your FLipBook: Valence Electrons,
Valence Shell, & Electron Dot Diagrams!!!
Entrance Questions
• Ready your Remotes
• Get out a periodic table
Oxygen-17 would have how
many neutrons? (A#8)
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
7
17
9
8
What is true of elements in the
same column of the periodic table?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
Same first letter
Similar properties
Same number of protons as neutrons
Discovered in the same year
How many valence electrons does
magnesium have (A# = 12) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
5
12
How many energy levels does
magnesium have (A# = 12) ?
0%
0%
0%
0%
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
2
3
12
Assignments
•
•
•
•
Return your Remotes
Turn in Chap 5.2 Reading Organizer
Read Text pages 139-145 (Chapter 5.3)
Complete Chap 5.3 Reading Organizer
• (Answer Assessment Questions 1-10 on back)
• Complete pages 9–16 of Chem Bonding Packet