Syllabus
Law 426D.001
Topics in Law and Technology:
Law of Cyberspace
(Fall Term 2011-2012)
Friday, 9:30 -12:30
Shigenori Matsui
Professor of Law, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Law
Phone 604-822-5592
1822 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1 rm. #146
e-mail matsui@law.ubc.ca
Seminar 4 CREDITS
THE BASIC PURPOSE OF THE COURSE
This seminar is designed to focus on the legal issues arising from the
development of cyberspace. Public law issues include the internet governance
and the role of law, jurisdictional issues, ISP liability, freedom of expression on
the Internet, defamation, invasion of privacy, obscenity, child pornography,
indecent speech, hate speech, copyright, domain name, personal data protection,
and cyberdemocracy.
COURSE MATERIALS
Course materials available in the bookstore
Other useful casebooks and textbooks include:
Michael Geist, Internet Law in Canada (3rd edition Captus Press 2002)
Raymond S.R. Ku & Jacqueline Lipton, Cyberspace Law: Cases and Materials (3rd
ed. Wolters Kluwer 2010)
Patricia l Bellia, Paul Schiff Berman, and David G. Post, Cyberlaw: Problems of
Policy and Jurisprudence in the Information Age (2d ed. Thomson West 2004)
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
There is no pre-requisite course for taking this seminar. The course requirements
include regular class attendance, course readings, and final essay paper.
EVALUATION
Students will be evaluated based upon the final essay paper and class
performance. The essay paper will be assigned 70% of total evaluation and the
class performance will be assigned 30% of total evaluation.
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Each student is required to attend the class after reading assigned materials and
is encouraged to participate in the class discussions. Each student should choose
a particular topic from the areas covered by this seminar and submit the outline
of the paper by the end of October and then write a substantial paper (at least 20
pages, double spaced) by the end of submission deadline. I will be happy to
advise you on your choice of topic and you should talk with me before finalizing
your outline. The paper will be evaluated based on the organizing skill, research
skill, and writing skill.
QUESTIONS
If you have questions, you can always come to see me. I will be in my office most
of the days except classes and meetings. You can come in anytime. If you would
like to have an appointment, please send me an e-mail.
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Seminar Outline
01 Introduction
01-1 ACLU v. Reno, 929 F. Supp. 824, 830-44 (E.D.Pa. 1996), aff’d, 521 U.S. 844
(1997)
02 Internet Governance and Law
02-1 Internet Governance
02-1-1John Perry Barlow, A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace
http://www.eff.org/~barlow/Declaration-Final.html
02-1-2 David R. Johnson & David Post, Law and Border
--The Rise of Law in Cyberspace, 48 Stan. L. Rev. 1367, 1367-68, 1370-72, 1378-80, 138791, 1400-02 (1996)
02-1-3 Jack L. Goldsmith, Against Cyberanarchy, 65 U. Chi. L. Rev. 1199, 1199-1201,
1212-24, 1230-45 (1998)
02-2 Code
02-2-1 Lawrence Lessig, Constitution and Code, 27 Cumberland L. Rev. 1, 1-15 (1996)
03 Jurisdiction
03-1 Personal Jurisdiction: Comparative Analysis
03-1-1 Bensusan Restaurant Corporation v. King, 126 F.3d 25 (2d Cir. 1997)
03-1-2 Zippo Manufacturing Company v. Zippo Dot Com, Inc.,
952 F. Supp. 1119 (W.D. Pa. 1997)
03-1-3 Dow Jones & Company Inc. v Gutnick [2002] HCA 56 (10 December 2002)
03-2 Personal Jurisdiction: Canada
03-2-1 Braintech, Inc. v. Kostiuk, 171 D.L.R. (4th) 46 (1999)
03-2-2 Wiebe v. Bouchard, [2005] B.C.J. No. 73, 2005 BCSC 47
03-2-3 Bangoura v. Washington Post, 258 D.L.R. (4th) 341 (2005)
03-2-4 Crookes v. Holloway, [2008] B.C.J. No. 834, 2008 BCCA 165
04 Choice of Law, Extraterritorial Regulation, and Recognition and
Enforcement of Foreign Judgment
04-1 Choice of Law
04-1-1 Restatement (2d) of Conflict of Laws, § 145
04-1-2 Wells v. Liddy, 186 F.3d 505 (4th Cir. 1999)
04-2 Extraterritorial Regulation
04-2-1 YAHOO! CASE
UEJF and Licra v. Yahoo! Inc. and Yahoo France (TRIBUNAL DE GRANDE INSTANCE
DE PARIS May 22, 2000)
http://www.juriscom.net/txt/jurisfr/cti/yauctions20000522.htm
(Translated into English by Richard Salis)
04-2-2 Society of Composers, Authors and Music Publishers of Canada v. Canadian Assn.
of Internet Providers, [2004] 2 S.C.R. 427 (2004)
04-3 Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgment
04-3-1 Yahoo! Inc. v. La Ligue Contre le Racisme et L'Antisemitisme, 169 F. Supp. 2d
1181 (N.D.Cal. 2001)
05 Liability of Internet Service Providers: Defamation
05-1 Liability of Internet Service Providers: The United States
05-1-1 Cubby, Inc. v. CompuServe Inc. 776 F. Supp. 135 (S.D.N.Y.)
3
05-1-2 Stratton Oakmont, Inc. v. Prodigy Services Company, 1995 N.Y. Misc. (S.Ct. N.Y.
1995)
05-1-3 Lunney v. Prodigy Services Company, 250 A.D.2d 230; 683 N.Y.S.2d 557 (Sup.Ct.
N.Y., App. Div. 1998)
05-1-4 Communication Decency Act
05-1-5 Zeran v. America Online, Incorporated, 129 F.3d 327 (4th Cir. 1997) cert. denied,
524 U.S. 937 (1998)
05-1-6 Grace v. eBay, 120 Cal. App. 4th 984; 16 Cal. Rptr. 3d 192 (Ct. App. Cal. 2004)
05-2 Liability of Internet Service Providers: Other Countries
05-2-1 Goodfrey v. Demon Internet, [1999] 4 All Eng 342, [2000] 3 WLR 1020
05-2-2 Australian Broadcasting Services Amendment Act of 1999
06 Liability of Internet Service Providers: Copyright Infringement
06-1 Liability of Internet Service Providers: The United States
06-1-1 Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.,
907 F. Supp. 1361 (N.D. Cal. 1995)
06-1-2 Digital Millennium Copyright Act, 17 U.S.C. § 512
06-2 Liability of Internet Service Providers: Canada
06-2-1 SOCAN v. Canadian Assn. of Internet Providers, supra
06-2-4 Parker v. Google, Inc., 242 Fed. Appx. 833 (3rd Cir. 2007)
06-2-5 Tur v. YouTube, Inc., 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 50254 (C.D.Cal.2007)
06-2-6 Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., 572 F. Supp. 2d 1150 (N.D.Cal. 2008)
07 Freedom of Expression in the Cyberspace
07-1 CDA
07-1-1 Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997)
07-2 COPA
07-2-1 Ashcroft v. American Civil Liberties Union, 542 U.S. 656 (2004)
08 The Internet—Newspaper or Broadcasting?
08-1 Broadcasting?
08-1-1 Broadcast Act
08-1-2 Broadcasting Public Notice CRTC 1999-84
08-1-3 Exemption Order 1999-197
08-2 Access to the Internet
08-2-1 Telecom Decision CRTC 99-11
08-3 Net Neutrality?
08-3-1 H.R. 5417: Internet Freedom and Nondiscrimination Act of 2006
08-3-2 Telecom Regulatory Policy CRTC 2009-657
09 Defamation on the Internet
09-1 Defamation and Freedom of Expression
09-1-1 R. v. Lucas, [1998] 1 S.C.R 439
09-1-2 Hill v. Church of Scientology of Toronto, [1995] 2 S.C.R. 1130
09-2 Defamation in the Cyberspace
09-2-1 Wiebe v. Bouchard, [2008] B.C.J. No. 435, 2008 BCSC 249
09-2-2 WeGo Kayaking Ltd. v. Sewid, [2007] B.C.J. No. 56; 2007 BCSC 49
09-2-3 Ottawa-Carleton District School Board v. Scharf, [2007] O.J. No. 3030 (Ontario
Superior Court of Justice)
09-2-4 Griffin v. Sullivan, [2008] B.C.J. No. 1333, 2008 BCSC 827 (BCSC)
4
10 Invasion of Privacy on the Internet
10-1 Invasion of Privacy
10-1-1 Aubry v. Editions Vice-Versa Inc, [1998] 1 S.C.R. 591
10-1-2 Campbell v. MGM, [2004] 2 AC 457
10-2 Invasion of Privacy in the Cyberspace
10-2-1 A.T. v. L.T.H., [2006] B.C.J. No. 2975; 2006 BCSC 1689 (B.C.S.C.)
10-2-2 Nesbitt v. Neufeld, [2010] B.C.J. No. 2232, 2010 BCSC 1605
11 Pornography
11-1 Obscenity
11-1-1 Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)
11-1-2 Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U.S. 49 (1973)
11-1-3 Butler, [1992] 1 S.C.R. 452
11-2 Pornography in the Cyberspace
11-2-1 United States v. Thomas, 74 F.3d 701 (6th Cir. 1996)
11-2-2 R. v. Smith, 76 O.R. (3d) 435, [2005] O.J. No. 2811 (Ontario CA)
12 Child Pornography
12-1 Child Pornography
12-1-1 R. v. Sharpe, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 45
12-1-2 Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 535 U.S. 234 (2002)
12-2 Child Pornography in the Cyberspace
12-2-1 R. v. Morelli, [2010] 1 S.C.R. 253
13 Hate Speech
13-1 Hate Speech Regulation
13-1-1 R. v. Keegstra, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 697
13-1-2 Canada (Human Rights Commission) v. Taylor, [1990] 3 S.C.R. 892
13-2 Hate Speech in the Cyberspace
13-2-1 Sabrina Citron, Toronto Mayor’s Committee and Race Relations, and Canadian
Human Rights Commission v. Zundel, T.D. 1/02 2002/01/18
08-2-2 R. v. Noble, [2008] B.C.J. No. 294, 2008 BCSC 215
14 Offensive and Indecent Speech
14-1 Offensive and Indecent Speech
14-1-1 Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, 315 U.S. 568 (1942)
14-1-2 Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971)
14-1-3 Ginsberg v. New York, 390 U.S. 629 (1968)
14-2 Offensive and Indecent Speech in the Cyberspace
14-2-1 Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), supra
14-2-2 Ashcroft v. ACLU, 542 U.S. 656 (2004), supra
14-2-3 ACLU v. Mukasey, 534 F.3d 181 (3rd Cir. 2008), cert. denied, 129 S. Ct. 1032
( 2009
14-2-4 United States v. American Library Association, 539 U.S. 194 (2003)
15 Spam
15-1 Spam in Comparative Perspective
15-1-1 Cyber Promotions Inc. v. American Online Inc., 948 F. Supp. 436 (E.D. Pa.1996)
15-1-2 CompuServe Inc. v. Cyber Promotions Inc., 962 F. Supp. 1015 (S.D. Ohio 1997)
15-1-3 AOL v. CN Productions, Inc., CIVIL ACTION NO. 98-522-A (E.D. Va. 1998)
15-1-4 America Online, Inc. v. LCGM, Inc., 46 F. Supp. 2d 444, (E.D. Va. 1998)
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15-1-5 CAN Spam Act
15-1-6 Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June
2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic
commerce, in the Internal Market
15-1-7 Intel Corporation v. Hamidi, 30 Cal. 4th 1342; 71 P.3d 296 (Cal. 2003)
15-1-8 Jaynes v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 276 Va. 443; 666 S.E.2d 303 (Va. 2008),
cert. denied by Virginia v. Jaynes, 2009 U.S. LEXIS 2463 (U.S., Mar. 30, 2009)
15-2 Spam in Canada
15-2-1 1267623 Ontario Inc. v. Nexx Online Inc., 1999 A.C.W.S.J. 621737 (Ontario
Superior Court of Justice)
15-2-2 R. v. Hamilton, [2005] 2 S.C.R. 432
15-2-3 Stopping Spam: Creating a Stronger, Safer Internet
Report of the Task Force on Spam (May 2005),
http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/ecic-ceac.nsf/eng/h_gv00317.html
16 Private Regulation
16-1 Rating and Filtering
16-1-1 Microsystems Software, Inc v. Scandinavia Online AB, 226 F.3d 35 (1st. Cir 2000)
16-2 Use of Filtering by the Public Library
16-2-1 Mainstream Loudoun v. Board of Trustees of the Loudoun County Library, 24 F.
Supp. 2d 552 (E.D. Va. 1998)
16-3 University
16-3-1 Blaber v. University of Victoria, 123 D.L.R. (4th) 255 (BCSC)
16-4 Blackhole List
16-4-1 Media3 Technologies, LLC v. Mail Abuse Prevention System, LLC, 2001 U.S. Dist.
LEXIS 1310 (D. Mass. 2001)
17 copyright
17-1 Copyright in the United States
17-1-1 Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. v. Nation Enterprises, 471 U.S. 539 (1985)
17-1-2 Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc., 464 U.S. 417 (1984)
17-1-3 Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2003)
17-2 Copyright in Canada
17-2-1 Theberge v. Galerie d’Art du Petit Champlain, Inc. [2002] 2 S.C.R.336
17-2-2 CCH Canadian Ltd. v. Law Society of Upper Canada, 1 S.C.R. 339 [2004]
18 Copyright in the Cyberspace
18-1 Uploading Copyrighted Materials
18-1-1 Playboy Enterprises Inc. v. Frena, 839 F. Supp. 1552 (Fla. 1993)
18-2 Copying Webpage
18-2-1 British Columbia Automobile Assn. v. Office and Professional Employees'
International Union Local 378 (2001), 85 B.C.L.R. (3d) 302 (S.C.), 10 C.P.R. (4th) 423
(BCSC)
18-2-2 Guillot v. Arvic Search Services Inc., 2001 FCT 799 (T.D.)
18-3 Browsing Copyright Infringing Site
18-3-1 Intellectual Reserve, Inc. v. Utah Lighthouse Ministry, Inc., 75 F.Supp. 2d 1290
(C.D. Utah 1999)
18-4 Linking and Framing
18-4-1 Shetland Times Limited v. Dr. Jonathan Wills, [1997] FSR 604 (Ct. Sess.)
18-4-2 Ticketmaster, Inc. v. Tickets.com, 2000 U.S. Dist. Lexis 4553 (C.D.Cal. 2000)
6
18-4-3 Futuredontics, Inc, v. Applied Anargramics, Inc., 45 U.S. P. Q.2d 2005 (C.D.Ca.
1998); 1998 U.S. App. LEXIS 17012 (9th Cir. 1998)
18-5 Thumbnail
18-5-1 Kelly v. Arriba Soft Corp., 280 F.3d 934 (9th Cir. 2002)
18-6 Anticircumvention
18-6-1 Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Corley, 273 F.3d 429 (2d.Cir. 2001)
19 Copyright and Music
19-1 Copyright Protection for Music
19-1-1 UMG Recordings, Inc. v. Blake, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 46414 (E.D.N.C.2007)
19-1-2 UMG Recordings, Inc. v. mP3.com, 92 F.Supp.2d 359 (S.D.N.Y. 2000)
19-2 File-Sharing: Napster and Grokster
19-2-1 A & M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc., 239 F.3d 1004 (9th Cir. 2001)
19-2-2 MGM Studio, Inc. v. Grokster Ltd., 545 U.S. 913 (2005)
20 Music: Possible Defenses
20-1 Defenses
20-1-1 BMG Music v. Gonzales, 430 F.3d 888 (7th Cir. 2005), cert. denied, Gonzalez v.
BMG Music, 2006 U.S. LEXIS 3915 (2006)
20-1-2 Atlantic Recording Corporation v. Howell, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 61268 (D. Ariz.
2007), reconsideration granted by, vacated by, motion denied by Atl. Recording Corp. v.
Howell, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 71862 (D. Ariz., Sept. 27, 2007)
20-1-3 Lenz v. Universal Music Corp., supra
20-2 Private Copying and Levy
20-2-1 AVS Technologies Inc. et al. v. Canadian Mechanical Reproduction Rights Agency,
7 C.P.R. (4th) 68; 2000 C.P.R. LEXIS 115 (FCA 2000)
20-2-2 Canadian Private Copying Collective v. Canadian Storage Media Alliance, [2005]
2 F.C.R. 654, 36 C.P.R.(4th) 289 (FCA)
20-2-3 Apple Canada Inc. v. Canadian Private Copying Collective, [2008] F.C.J. No. 5,
2008 FCA 9, 65 C.P.R. (4th) 361 (FCA)
21 Domain Name and Trademark
21-1 Trademark
12-1-5 Mattel, Inc. v. 3894207 Canada Inc., [2006] 1 S.C.R. 772
21-2 Domain Name
21-2-1 Thomas v. Network Solutions, Inc., 176 F.3d 500 (D.C.Cir. 1999)
12-3 Cybersquatting
12-3-1 British Telecommunications plc and another v. One in a Million Ltd, [1998] 4
ALL ER 476 (CA)
21-3-2 Panavision International, L.P. v. Toeppen, 141 F.3d 1316 (9th Cir. 1998)
21-4 Cybersquatting in Canada
21-4-1 Pinet Inc. v. O’Brien, [1995] P.E.I.J. No. 68
21-4-2 Itravel2000.com Inc. v. Fagan, [2001] O.J.No. 943 (Ontario Superior Ct.)
21-4-3 Bell Actimedia Inc. v. Puzo, 2 C.P.R. (4th) 289 (FCTD 1999)
21-4-4 Molson Breweries v. Kuettner, 3 C.P.R. (4th) 479 (FCTD 1999)
21-4-5 Saskatoon Star Phoenix Group Inc. v. Noton, 12 C.P.R. (4th) 4 [2001]
21-4-6 Canada v. David Bedford a.k.a. DomainBaron.com, 27 C.P.R. (4th) 522; 2003
C.P.R. LEXIS 145 (BC International Commericial Arbitaration Centre)
22 Limits of Trademark Protection
22-1 Critical Sites
7
22-1-1 Bally Total Fitness v. Faber, 29 F.Supp.2d 1161 (C.D.Cal. 1998)
22-1-2 Lucent Technologies, Inc. v. Lucentsucks.com, 95 F.Supp.2d 528 (E.D.Va. 2000)
22-1-3 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. walmartcanadasucks.com and Kenneth J. Harvey,WIPO
administrative panel decision
Case No. D2000-1104
http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/decisions/html/2000/d2000-1104.html
22-1-4 Coca-Cola Company v. Purdy, 382 F.3d 774 (8th Cir. 2004 )
22-2 Name of the Celebrity
22-2-1 Julia Fiona Roberts v. Russell Boyd
WIPO Administrative Panel Decision
Case No. D2000-0210
http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/decisions/html/2000/d2000-0210.html
22-3 City Name
22-3-1 Excelentisimo Ayuntamiento de Barcelona v. Barcelona.com Inc.
WIPO Administrative Panel Decision
Case No. D2000-0505
http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/decisions/html/2000/d2000-0505.html
22-3-2 Toronto.com v. Sinclair, (2000) 6 C.P.R. (4th) 487 (F.C.T.D.)
22-4 Common Word
22-4-1 Black v. Molson Canada, (2002) 21 C.P.R. (4th) 52 (Ont.Sup.Ct.)
22-5 Union
22-5-1 British Columbia Automobile Assn. v. Office and Professional Employees'
International Union Local 378 (2001), 85 B.C.L.R. (3d) 302 (S.C.)
22-6 Other Uses of Trademark
22-6-1 Playboy Enterprises Inc. v. Frena, 839 F. Supp. 1552 (M.D. Fla. 1993)
22-6-2 Playboy Enterprises, Inc. v. Welles, 279 F.3d 796 (9th Cir. 2002)
22-6-3 Rescuecom Corporation v. Google, Inc., 456 F. Supp. 2d 393 (N.D.N.Y. 2006)
23 Protection of Personal Privacy
23-1 Disclosure of Private Information
23-1-1 Mcveigh v. Cohen, 983 F. Supp. 215 (D.D.C. 1998)
23-1-2 In the Matter of GeoCities
United States of Amercia, Federal Trade Commission
File No. 9823015
http://www.ftc.gov/os/1998/08/geo-ord.htm
23-2 Collection of Private Information
23-2-1 United States v. Looksmart Civil Action No. 01-606-A
Consent Decree and Order for Civil Penalties, Injunctive, and Other Relief
http://www.ftc.gov/os/2001/04/looksmartorder.pdf
23-2-2 Supnick v. Amazon.com, Inc. and Alex Internet, Inc.
http://pages.alexa.com/settlement/notice.html
United States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle
Official Court Notice of Class Verification and Proposed Settlement of Class Action
23-3 Cookie
23-3-1 In re Doubleclick Privacy Litig., 154 F. Supp. 2d 497 (S.D.N.Y.2001)
23-3-2 Chance v. Avenue A, Inc., 165 F. Supp. 2d 1153 (W.D. Washinton 2001)
23-4 Privacy in the Workplace
23-4-1 Smyth v. Pillsbury Co., 914 F. Supp. 97 (E.D. Pa. 1996)
23-5-2 United States v. Ziegler, 474 F.3d 1184 (9th cir. 2007)
23-5-3 Alberta Office of the Information and Privacy Commissioner, Parkland Regional
Library ORDER F2005-003 (June 24, 2005)
8
PARKLAND REGIONAL LIBRARY Review Number 3016 Office URL: www.oipc.ab.ca
24 Protection of Personal Privacy: Anonymity, Search and Seizure,
and Surveillance
24-1 Anonymity and the ISP
24-1-1 Phillip Services Corp. v. John Doe Court File No. 4592 / 98 Ontario Court
(General Division) http://aix1.uottawa.ca/~geist/Philip.v.JohnDoe.24jun98.html
24-1-2 BMG Canada, inc v. John Doe, [2005] F.C.J. No. 858; 2005 FCA 193; 2005
Fed.C.C. LEXIS 731 (Fed. Ct. App. Ontario 2005)
24-1-3 John Doe No. 1 v. Cahill, 884 A.2d 451 (Del. 2005)
24-1-4 Melvin v. Doe, 575 Pa. 264 (Pa. 2003)
24-2 Encryption
24-2-1 Bernstein v. United States DOJ, 176 F.3d 1132, 1999 U.S. App. LEXIS 8595 (9th
Cir. Cal., 1999), withdrawn by 192 F.3d 1308 (9th Cir. 1999)
24-3 The Ban on Anonymous Speech
24-3-1 ACLU v. Miller, 977 F. Supp. 1228 (N.D. Ga. 1997)
24-4 Search and Seizure
24-4-1 United States v. Scarfo, 180 F. Supp. 2d 572 (D.N.J. 2001)
24-4-2 United States v. Arnold, 523 F.3d 941 (9th Cir. 2008)
24-5 Government Surveillance
24-5-1 ACLU v. Nat'l Sec. Agency / Central Sec. Serv., 438 F. Supp. 2d 754 (E.D. Mich.
2006), vacated by, remanded by ACLU v. NSA, 2007 U.S. App. LEXIS 16149 (6th Cir.)
(6th Cir. Mich., 2007)
24-5-2 Warshak v. United States, 490 F.3d 455 (6th. Cir. 2007), vacated by, on rehearing
at, en banc, stay granted by Warshak v. United States, 2007 U.S. App. LEXIS 23741 (6th
Cir., Oct. 9, 2007)
25 Cyberdemocracy
25-1 The Possibility of Cyberdemocracy
25-2 Peril of Cyberspace
25-2-1 Cass Sunstein, republic.com 3-16, 23-50 (Princeton University Press 2001)
25-3 Possible Solutions?
25-3-1 Noah D. Zatz, Note: Sidewalks in Cyberspace; Making Space for Public Forum in
the Electronic Environment, 12 Harv. J. L. & Tech. 149, 151-53, 172-225 (1998)
9