Bio 9B: Monday, 11/21/11
Title: Digestive System: Structures & Functions
Homework: Finish the Digestive System Reading Worksheet if you
don’t finish it in class.

Silent Do Now:
Pick up your clicker (you will need it later)
Answer questions #1-6 on the front and back of the worksheet.
Stop before the Biochemistry Review.

Today’s Objectives:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an
object’s structure relates to its function
 Explain the difference between physical (mechanical) digestion and chemical
digestion
 Describe the structures and functions of digestive system organs, and explain
how they relate to each other
Today’s Agenda


Biograph Computer Simulation Debrief and
Clicker Review (15 min)
Introduction to Digestive System and
Structures/Functions (15 min)

Partner Reading Activity (30 min)

Group Poster Making (30 min)
Computer Simulation Debrief

Get ready for some clicker questions…
How do enzymes “find” their
substrates?
1.
2.
3.
Magnetic attraction
Active searching
Random movement
90%
10%
0%
1
2
3
Which graph best shows the
enzyme vs. no enzyme results?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Graph A
Graph B
Graph C
Graph D
48%
24%
24%
5%
1
2
3
4
In Question 5, when did the student
add the enzyme?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Between 0.0 and 0.5 min
Between 0.5 and 1.0 min
Between 1.0 and 1.5 min
Between 2.0 and 2.5 min
55%
25%
15%
5%
1
2
3
4
Computer Simulation Debrief

Complex systems…
 What
rules did the individual “agents” follow?
 What patterns did you see?


One thing you now understand about enzymes that
you didn’t know before?
Differences between learning from computer
simulations vs. lab experiments? Pros and cons of
each?
Shifting gears…


Get a seating survey and fill it out
Find these two assignments and pass them forward
if you haven’t gotten them graded:
 Intro
to Enzymes worksheet
 Enzyme Lab Part 1

Then, talk with the people near you to review and
fill in the Biochemistry Review part of your Do Now
worksheet
What makes up carbohydrates?
1.
2.
3.
Polypeptides, peptides,
amino acids
Lipids, fatty acids,
glycerol
Polysaccharides,
disaccharides,
monosaccharides
76%
19%
5%
1
2
3
What makes up lipids?
1.
2.
3.
Polypeptides, peptides,
amino acids
Lipids, fatty acids,
glycerol
Polysaccharides,
disaccharides,
monosaccharides
95%
5%
0%
1
2
3
What makes up proteins?
1.
2.
3.
Polypeptides, peptides,
amino acids
Lipids, fatty acids,
glycerol
Polysaccharides,
disaccharides,
monosaccharides
95%
0%
1
2
5%
3
Today’s Agenda


Biograph Computer Simulation Debrief and Clicker
Review
Introduction to Digestive System and
Structures/Functions
 Observation/Notes


Activity
Partner Reading Activity
Group Poster-Making
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system
Bio 9B: Monday, 11/21/11
Title: Digestive System: Structures & Functions
Set up your notes with today’s date and title!
DIGESTION – breaking down food so that it can be
absorbed into the bloodstream
Carbohydrates:
Polysaccharides  Disaccharides  Monosaccharides
Lipids:
Lipids  Fatty acids and Glycerol
Proteins:
Polypeptides  Peptides  Amino acids
All of these chemical reactions happen in the digestive system w/
the help of enzymes!
Do Now #2 (write this in your NB)

What does the word structure mean?
 Structure
– what something looks like (shape, size,
texture, color, what parts it has)

What does the word function mean?
 What
something does – it’s job, it’s purpose
Observation Activity:
Write in NB, silently on your own
Object #1:

Describe the structure of this object.
(What is it made of? What’s its shape? What parts does it have?)


What is the function of this object?
How does its structure help it to perform its function?
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system
Object #2:

Describe the structure of
this object.
(What is it made of? What’s its
shape? What parts does it have?)


What is the function of this
object?
How does its structure help
it to perform its function?
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system
Object #3:

Describe the structure of
this object.
(What is it made of? What’s its
shape? What parts does it have?)


What is the function of this
object?
How does its structure help
it to perform its function?
Objectives for Class:
 Describe the difference between structure and function, and explain how an object’s structure relates to its function
 Describe the major structures and functions of all organs in the digestive system
Discuss the Observations…
Function:
Crush things
Function:
Hold/contain/store
things
Relate structure to
function:
Relate structure to
function:
 Hinges allow it to open  Sack-like shape with
to receive things & close space inside to hold stuff
to crush them
 Drawstring opening can
 Metal provides hard
open to receive things,
crushing surface
and close so they don’t
 Ridges prevent things
fall out
from slipping out
Similar digestive organ:
Similar digestive organ: Stomach
Mouth
Function:
Dry things by
absorbing water
Relate structure to
function:
 Cotton material is very
absorbent
 Tiny strings on surface
provide more space for
absorbing stuff
Similar digestive organ:
Small intestine
Reading Activity




Choose one partner to work with, or read on your
own
Ask me before moving your seat
Work quietly and productively to answer the
questions on the reading worksheet
Your goal: You will be able to…
 Define
the purpose of the digestive system
 Explain the difference between mechanical and
chemical digestion
 Describe the structures and functions of 5 organs in the
digestive system
Bio 9B: Tuesday, 11/22/11
Title: Digestion Project!
Homework: Have a great Thanksgiving Vacation!
No required homework but you may want to revise lab reports and/or
start the Digestion Project
Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ date and title)
1. If you got your enzyme lab back, look it over and write: what did
you do well? What will you focus on for revisions? If you didn’t –
what do you need to do to turn in your lab report?
2. Take out yesterday’s reading worksheet and use it to answer:
a) What is the difference between physical and chemical
digestion?
b) Pick one organ you read about, and explain how its structure fits
its function.
Important Info for Today

Lab Report Revisions:
 Due
by the end of next week
 Anyone can do them, and people who don’t have a total
grade on their rubric are REQUIRED to revise

Today: Notes on “Digestion Man!”
 Then

introduce the digestion project
Objectives: You will be able to…
Follow carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids through the
digestive system.
 Describe the mechanical and chemical digestion that breaks
down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids

MOUTH
ESOPHAGUS
Structure:
Hinged jaws, hard teeth, muscular
tongue, saliva
Mechanical Digestion/Absorption:
Crushing, grinding, moistening food
Chemical Digestion:
Starch salivary amylase Glucose
Structure-Function Connection:
Jaws open & close to crush; hard teeth
grind; tongue mixes food w/ saliva
Structure:
Long muscular tube
Function:
Pushes food from mouth to stomach by
peristalsis (waves of muscle contraction)
Structure-Function Connection:
Muscles help squeeze food down the
tube
LIVER
Major Function:
Makes bile for lipid digestion in
small intestine
GALLBLADDER
Major Function:
Stores and releases bile into
small intestine
PANCREAS
Major Function:
Makes enzymes for small intestine
STOMACH
Structure:
Muscular sac containing acids & enzymes
Mechanical Digestion:
Food churned/mixed with acids &
enzymes; acids kill bacteria & loosen
food particles
Chemical Digestion:
Protein pepsin
Peptides
Structure-Function Connection:
Muscles in stomach walls contract to
churn food
Bio 9B: Monday, 11/28/11
Title: Digestive System, continued
Welcome back from break!
Homework: Finish the Digestion Project Planning Packet, OR do a
complete outline for your digestion project
Silent Do Now: (in NB w/ date and title)
1. Describe a meal you ate over Thanksgiving break. What were the
carbs in the meal? The proteins? The lipids?
2. If you were here on Tuesday – describe what happened to that
food in your mouth, your esophagus, and your stomach. Where
was the starch chemically digested? Where was the protein
chemically digested?
If you were NOT here last week – please fill out a seating
questionnaire. We will get new seats once I have everyone’s
answers!
Today’s Objectives & Agenda
You will be able to…
Follow carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids through the
digestive system.
 Describe the mechanical and chemical digestion that breaks
down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
 Explain the requirements for the Digestion Project

We will accomplish this by…
Finishing notes on Digestion Man
 Reviewing the requirements and an example of the Digestion
Project
 Working to complete the project planning guide or outline

SMALL INTESTINE
LARGE INTESTINE
Structure:
Structure:
Long narrow tube with millions of
folds (villi) and hairs (microvilli)
Wide tube w/ many bacteria
Mechanical Digestion:
Bile breaks lipid globs into smaller
chunks
Chemical Digestion:
Starch
amylase
Disaccharides
Glucose
Monosaccharides
trypsin
Peptides
Peptides
peptidase
Amino acids
lipase
Absorption:
Water and vitamins absorbed into
bloodstream
Waste is solidified and compacted
Structure-Function Connection:
Protein
Lipids
Chemical Digestion:
Bacteria break down wastes and
release vitamins
Absorption:
Fatty acids &
glycerol
Villi absorb all nutrients/monomers
into the bloodstream (glucose,
amino acids, fatty acids…)
Structure-Function Connection:
Width of tube provides space for
waste to build up and get compacted
RECTUM
Major Function:
Store digestive waste (feces)
Long tube + villi/microvilli provide a
lot of surface to absorb all the
nutrients.
ANUS
Major Function:
Release feces from the body
ZOOM IN ON THE SMALL INTESTINE!
How the Internal Organs Fit Together
Image shows major digestive, respiratory, and circulatory system organs
Front View
Back View
Images: http://www.turbosquid.com/FullPreview/Index.cfm/ID/270177
Digestive System: Structures
Introducing the Digestion Project!
9B - Seats
Front of room
Nicole
Aaron
Kira
Zak
Natalie
Sara
Skyeler
Tracey
Noah
Emperor
Justin
Ronica
Destinee
DJ
Elizabeth
Tia
Naidaliz
Steven
Emily
Sequoia
Ritshly
Tiarrah
Jarred
Priscilla
Jenna
Bio 9B: Tuesday, 11/29/11
Title: Digestion Project

Homework: Work on your digestion project – Complete Rough
Draft done by Thursday

Silent Do Now: (in your notebook w/ title & date)

What form will your digestion project take – creative writing?
Illustrated storybook? Graphic novel? Video animation?
 What ideas do you have for the project at this point?
 What questions do you have?
 What do you plan to accomplish in class today?
Today’s Objectives:



Follow carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids through the digestive system.
Describe the mechanical and chemical digestion that breaks down
carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids
Guidelines for Today’s Work Time



We are going to work silently for the first 15
minutes of work time, so that everyone can get their
mind into the work without distracting conversation.
I will call up one row at a time to get a laptop if
you need one.
If we have 15 great minutes of silent, productive
work – you can then talk quietly as you work for the
rest of the period.
Bio 9B: Thursday, 12/1/11
Title: Digestion Project continued!

Homework: Final draft of Digestion Project due Tomorrow

Unit 4 Test will be on Monday, NOT tomorrow!
Silent Do Now:
Pick up and complete the Digestive System Review
Worksheet!
We will have 15 minutes for this, since it’s long. If you finish
early, start working on your project (raise your hand for a
laptop).
 Agenda:
1. Do Now (15 min, plus 5 min to review it)
2. Project Work Time (1.25 hours)

The Digestion Project:
Day 3
The Creative Portrayal of the Digestive System
Next Steps:
 Work individually or with a partner to turn your rough
draft into a final draft!
Norms for Project Work Time:
 During the first period, we will have silent work time or
conferences with a partner to proofread
 Raise your hand if you want to use a computer
Reminder: Goals/Objectives for this Project:

Trace the path of food through the digestive system

Explain the structures and functions of each major organ along the way

Explain how carbs, lipids, and proteins get mechanically and chemically
digested
Bio 9B: Friday, 12/2/11
Title: Unit 4 Review


Homework: Study for Monday’s Test by answering the questions
on the back of the review sheet.
Silent Do Now:
Take out your Digestion Project and put it on your desk, unless you
emailed it or need to print.
Pick up and complete the Review Worksheet (Part 2)
We will have 15 minutes for this, since it’s long. If you finish early, take
out your Weekly Assignment Sheet and begin answering the
questions on the back.

1.
2.
3.
Agenda:
Do Now (15 min, plus 5 min to review it)
Project Show & Tell (5-10 min)
Test Review (20 min)
Objectives for Test Review
You should be able to answer all questions on the
back of the Weekly Assignment Sheet.
To meet this goal, you may:

 Write
the answer to each question in your notebook
 Work on the 2 review worksheets from yesterday and
today
 Do Quiz Corrections on the Biochemistry quiz
Whether you are working alone or with a partner,
work quietly and professionally so that you and
your classmates can best prepare for Monday’s test
MOUTH
Structure:
ESOPHAGUS
Structure:
Function:
Mechanical Digestion:
Chemical Digestion:
Structure-Function Connection:
Structure-Function Connection:
LIVER
Major Function:
STOMACH
Structure:
Mechanical Digestion:
GALLBLADDER
Major Function:
Chemical Digestion:
PANCREAS
Major Function:
Structure-Function Connection:
SMALL INTESTINE
LARGE INTESTINE
Structure:
Structure:
Mechanical Digestion:
Chemical Digestion:
Chemical Digestion:
Absorption:
Structure-Function Connection:
Absorption:
RECTUM
Structure-Function Connection:
ANUS
Major Function:
Major Function: