We use commands to give instructions or to ask people to do things.
In Spanish, commands have different forms to distinguish between formal
(usted/ustedes) and informal address.
Formal commands use subjunctive forms, with the implied meaning that the speaker is trying to influence the listener to do something.
Present Tense
pongo
traigo vengo hago
digo tengo oigo
This change is carried over to the commands.
Ud.
U ds.
ponga pongan traiga traigan venga vengan haga hagan diga digan tenga tengan oiga oigan
Present Tense
toco saco
busco juego
llego pago almuerzo comienzo abrazo
Ud.
toque
Uds.
toquen saque saquen busque busquen juegue jueguen llegue lleguen pague paguen almuerce almuercen comience comiencen abrace abracen
There are six irregular verbs in the command form.
(DISHES)
Dar
Ir
No des
No vayas
Ser No seas
Haber X (only for subjunctive)
Estar
Saber
No estés
No sepas
Present Tense
pienso enciendo recomiendo me divierto duermo me acuesto pido sigo me visto
Usted Commands Ustedes Commands
piense encienda recomiende diviértase duerma acuéstese pida siga vístase
piensen enciendan recomienden diviértanse duerman acuéstense pidan sigan vístanse
You use these commands with people you are familiar with.
NOTE: These are used with only ONE person.
The informal command is formed with the third person singular: como comes come comemos coméis comen
Present Tense
comprar sacar
barrer seguir
doblar cruzar almorzar comenzar parar
Tú
¡Compra!
¡Saca la basura!
¡Barre el piso!
Sigue derecho
Dobla a la derecha
Cruza la calle
Almuerza
Comienza
¡Para!
Present Tense
comprar sacar
barrer seguir
prender correr almorzar comenzar parar
Tú
¡No compres!
¡No saques la basura!
¡No barras el piso!
No sigas derecho
No prendas el carro.
No corras con tijeras
No almuerces
No comiences
¡No pares!
Vin Diesel has ten weapons!
Ven – venir “Ven acá”
Di – decir “Di la verdad”
Sal – salir “Sal de mi casa”
Haz – hacer “Haz tu tarea”
Ten - tener “Ten cuidado”
Ve – ir “Ve a clase”
Pon – poner “Pon la mesa”
Sé – ser “Sé mi amigo”
There are six irregular verbs in the command form.
(DISHES)
Dar
Ir dé, den vaya, vayan
Ser sea, sean
Haber X (only for subjunctive)
Estar
Saber esté, estén sepa, sepan
“Negative beginning but positive ending”
Positive commands – the pronoun(s) are attached to the END (mandatory)
¡Dímelo!
Hazla ahora.
Sígueme.
Encuéntralo.
“Negative beginning but positive ending”
For ALL commands (informal and formal), the rules are:
Negative commands – the pronoun(s) go in the beginning (before the verb)
¡No lo comas! ¡No me digas!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Formal commands
Are used with people that you respect or more than one person.
Use the subjunctive.
DISHES are the irregulars.
Pronouns are attached on positive commands.
Pronouns go before the verb on negative commands.
Informal (tú) commands
1. Are used with only one person that you are familiar with.
2.
Use él/ella form of verb on positive commands and the subjunctive tú on the negative commands.
3.
4.
5.
6.
DISHES are the irregulars for the negative commands.
Vin Diesel has ten weapons gives you the irregulars for positive commands.
Pronouns are attached on positive commands.
Pronouns go before the verb on negative commands.