Leeds University
Business School
LUBS Assignment
Submission, Presentation
and Referencing Guidelines
2015/16
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Contents
1
Submission of your assignment
4
1.1
Uploading your assignment to the VLE
4
1.2
If you are having problems with submission
5
1.3
IT Service Desk Helpdesk contact details
5
1.4
Link to Assessment Information
5
2
Text, Layout and Page Numbering
6
3
Coversheet, Title Page(s) and Word Count
6
4
Table of Contents and Lists of Tables and Illustrative Material
7
5
Illustrative Material, Drawings, Maps, Photographs, Computer Print-out
7
6
References and Sourcing
7
6.1
References and Citations
8
7
Bibliographies and References
14
8
Bibliography
36
APPENDIX A
Penalties for the late submission of coursework
37
APPENDIX B
Compressing Files
37-38
APPENDIX C
File Naming Guidelines - Best practice
39
APPENDIX D
Word limit penalties
40
Academic Year 2015/16
41
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
1.
Submission of your assignment
All coursework for LUBS modules (with the exception of dissertations) are submitted
in electronic format only.
1.1 Uploading your assignment to the VLE
Follow these instructions to upload the electronic version of your assignment before
12.00 noon on the deadline date:
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The first page of your assignment should always be the Assessed
Coursework Coversheet (individual), which is available to download from
the following location: http://lubswww.leeds.ac.uk/TSG/downloadable-forms/
log in to the VLE at vlebb.leeds.ac.uk
select the relevant module from the ‘My Modules’ list on the right hand side of
the screen
click ‘Assessment’ from the left hand menu
click ‘Assessment Submission’ folder
click on the relevant folder for your assignment
click ‘View/Complete’ under the relevant assignment
Click on ‘Submit’
When prompted to enter the submission title you must enter your Student
ID. Do not include any other text. If you name your assignment with any other
title, it will not be considered a correct submission.
select your file using the browse button. (Ensure that you have included the
LUBS cover sheet as the first page of your assignment).
click “upload.”
on the following screen click “confirm”
Wait until submission is confirmed with an on screen receipt and write down
your submission ID.
navigate back to the submission area and check the assignment you have
submitted is correct.
For every successful assignment submission you will receive an on-screen message
letting you know that your submission is complete. You should then download a
digital copy of your receipt, which includes details of date and time of submission
and title. You will also be emailed a second copy of the receipt, but this may take a
while to reach you, especially at busy times. You should retain your receipt for your
reference as this receipt will be the only record that will be accepted as proof
of submission. If you have not received these versions of your receipt, it is
because your assignment has not been correctly submitted.
It is your responsibility to ensure you upload the correct file on time, and that it
has uploaded successfully. You should always ensure you manage your time
effectively and allow enough time to navigate the VLE, submit and check your
submission. Do not leave it until 5 minutes before the deadline and be aware that it
could take longer at busy times.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Accessing the submission link before the deadline does NOT constitute completion of
submission. You MUST click the ‘CONFIRM’ button before 12 noon for your
assignment to be classed as submitted on time, if not you will need to submit to the
Late Area and your assignment will be marked as late.
If you believe there are technical issues which are affecting your ability to upload
your assignment on time it is your responsibility to contact the IT Service Desk as
soon as possible. Only technical issues reported via the IT Service Desk, which have
a support call ID will be given any consideration for the waiving of a late penalty.
For detailed information on assignment submission please go to the following areas:
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http://lubswww.leeds.ac.uk/TSG/assessment-help/
http://www.leeds.ac.uk/vle/students/assess/turnitin/
http://www.leeds.ac.uk/vle/students/assess/eassessment/
It is your responsibility to ensure the safe submission of your own work. From time
to time laptops, external drives, etc., can fail resulting in the loss of your assessed
coursework, this can be damaging to your degree if you miss a submission deadline.
Extensions cannot be granted for lost work on personal computers, therefore it is
imperative that you back up your work on the University’s network or a USB flash
drive.
The University is a windows based institution, however if you are using another
platform e.g., MAC OSX or Linux there are several ways of ensuring compatibility.
Desktop Anywhere is accessible by going to http://access.leeds.ac.uk, this will give
access to a University of Leeds windows environment with access to your M: drive
and Office applications.
1.2
Group Work
If your assessment is group work, ONE electronic copy of the assignment must be
submitted to the Assignment Submission area within the module resource on the
Blackboard VLE website no later than 12 noon on the deadline date.
Your group should select ONE group member to upload the final assessment to the
VLE, however all group members are responsible to ensure that the work is uploaded
on time. If the work is submitted late the penalty will be applied to all members of
the group. The assignment should be uploaded through the selected members VLE
account; feedback will be made available to all group members.
The group work coversheet can be found at
http://lubswww.leeds.ac.uk/TSG/downloadable-forms/. When submitting your
assignment please refer to the guidance provided.
1.3
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If you are having problems with submission:
Check the size of your file
The upload limit on Turnitin is 40mb. If your file is larger than this, it is
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
usually because you have large image files embedded which will need to be
compressed: see the guide on compressing files in Appendix A of this booklet
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Make sure that you are submitting an acceptable file type
Turnitin UK accepts the following file types: Microsoft Word, WordPerfect,
PostScript, PDF, HTML, RTF and plain text
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File naming convention
Please see the file naming guidelines in Appendix C of this booklet for
characters which should not be included in the name of your file
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You are trying to upload more than one file
You can only submit one file per assignment, so ensure that all your work is
saved under the one file name before submission
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If you are still having problems contact the IT Service Desk.
1.4
IT Service Desk contact details
0113 343 3333
1.5
itservicedesk@leeds.ac.uk
Taught Student Guide
For further information on the assessment process, including marking and
moderation, award and progression, mitigating circumstances and re-sits, visit the
LUBS Taught Student Guide: http://lubswww.leeds.ac.uk/TSG
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
All assignments should conform to the following presentation guidelines
unless specifically instructed otherwise by the relevant module handbook.
2.
Text, Layout and Page Numbering
Assignments should be written in an easy to read font, with a point size of 11 or 12.
Acceptable fonts are Arial, Times New Roman and Verdana. Assignments should be
presented in either one and a half or double line spacing (except indented quotations
or footnotes where single spacing may be used). Left and right hand margins should
be at least three centimetres wide.
1.
Pages of text and appendices should be numbered consecutively throughout
the assignment, including photographs and/or diagrams where possible.
2.
If a student chooses to provide double-sided text, particular care must be
taken to fulfil all the requirements specified in these regulations, e.g., legibility,
pagination and margin widths.
3.
Coversheet, Title Page(s) and Word Count
All submissions should have an official LUBS Assessed Coursework Coversheet. This
should be the first page of your assignment.
The cover sheet can be found in the LUBS Taught Student Guide:
http://lubswww.leeds.ac.uk/TSG/downloadable-forms/
Students’ names should not appear anywhere in the assignment.
You should always start your assignment with the assignment title.
Unless specified in the module handbook/assignment brief, the word count includes
all text in the main body of the assignment including summaries, titles, contents
pages, tables, diagrams, supportive material (whether in footnotes or references).
If you embed any content of your assignment as a graphic, e.g. diagrams, charts,
graphs etc., please bear in mind that these sections may not be registered by the
word count function of word processing applications. You will need to count the
words in these sections manually and add them to the total (please remember that
numbers are also included in the word count).
The bibliography and appendices will not normally count towards the word limit.
However, it is not acceptable to present matters of substance, which should be
included in the main body of the text, in the appendices (appendix abuse).
A penalty will be applied if the word limit is exceeded, details of penalties can be
found in Appendix D of this booklet.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Please note: it is not acceptable to convert text to images to evade the word limit electronic submissions will be checked for instances of this. Use of this tactic could
be perceived as an attempt to deceive the examiner.
4.
Table of Contents and Lists of Tables and Illustrative
Material
3.
If used, the contents page should list the Chapter Headings and the breakdown
into sections. A list of tables, a list of figures and a list of appendices should be
provided where applicable.
It is often convenient to break each chapter into numbered sections, e.g., 1.1, 1.2,
1.3, 2.1, etc. These should be listed on the Contents Page for ease of reference.
5.
Illustrative Material, Drawings, Maps, Photographs,
Computer Print-out, etc.
4.
Wherever practicable such illustrative matter should have left and right hand
margins of at least 3 centimetres and, if possible, be placed in the assignment near
the appropriate text.
Photo-reduced tables and charts may be included in the assignment provided that
the photo-reduced copies are of good quality and in a form consistent with the need
for clarity and legibility.
6.
References and Sourcing
Good academic practice
Referencing is the acknowledgment of the sources that you used when producing
your piece of work. Referencing correctly is vital in order to demonstrate how widely
you have researched your subject, to show the basis of your arguments, your
conclusions and to avoid plagiarism.
You need to give the person reading your assignment enough information to find the
sources that you have consulted. This is done by including citations in your work
and providing a list of references.
You are expected to use the University's version of the Harvard referencing style for
your assignments. You will find the University of Leeds Harvard style guidance on
the Skills@Library website: http://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-referencing. This includes
how to include citations within your text and how to reference different types of
material using the Harvard style.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
DO NOT ASSUME THAT BETTER MARKS COULD BE OBTAINED BY OMITTING
SOURCES. MARKS CAN ONLY BE IMPROVED BY THOROUGH AND RIGOROUS
SOURCING.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Whilst researching your assignment, you are likely to consult a number of different
sources of information: books, journals, newspaper articles, web pages, emails, etc.
Whichever you use, there are a few basic rules you should apply. You should always
acknowledge the sources of all your quotations, arguments and ideas, even if you
don't quote the source directly.
There is no definitive version of the Harvard style. You should use the Leeds version
of Harvard when referencing sources in your work, and your work should also be
marked using this guidance.
6.1. References and Citations
So what are references and citations? Whenever you quote from or paraphrase work
written by another author, you must acknowledge that you have done so. This
acknowledgement is known as a citation and consists of brief details of the
publication (e.g. Pitchel, 1994) given in the body of your text. You should also
provide a complete list of these citations at the end of your assignment in a
reference list or bibliography section. This consists of fuller details of the
publication (e.g. Pitchel, M. 1994. Teeth and gums: an owner's manual. 2nd ed.
Oxford: Gamma Publishing).
Citing your references should provide the reader of your assignment with enough
information to find the sources of information you have consulted during the course
of writing and researching your work. Acknowledging your sources of information
also helps to demonstrate how widely you have read around your subject and on
what authority you base your arguments or conclusions. Properly acknowledging the
sources of information that you use when conducting your research is also important
in order to avoid plagiarism.
In-text citations give brief details of the source of an idea or piece of information
within the text of an assignment. In the Harvard style, citations should contain only
the following information, in this order:
5. the surname of the author
6. the date of publication of the text
7. the page number(s) of the text (usually for direct quotations only).
6.1.1. Direct quotations
A direct quotation consists of the actual words used by an author, in the same order
as the original. In other words, it is a copy. If you use a direct quotation from an
author, you should:
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enclose this in quotation marks
give the author, date and page number(s) that the quotation was taken from,
in brackets.
Example:
"Language is subject to change, and is not caused by unnecessary sloppiness,
laziness or ignorance" (Aitchison, 1981, p.67).
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
6.1.1a. Direct quotations of more than two lines
A direct quotation of more than two lines:
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it is separated from the rest of the paragraph by one free line above and
below
it is indented at left and right margins
it may be in a smaller point size
it is preceded by a colon
it does not use quotation marks
the citation includes author, date and page number(s) that the quotation was
taken from.
Here is an example of an essay paragraph which has a long direct quotation inserted
into it:
Many people believe that the Americanisation of the media, and what is called
dumbing down, is having disastrous results on English. One answer to this is that
language has always been subject to change, just as everything else in the world is,
and we should not feel that this is a bad thing. As Aitchison (1981) puts it:
“Language, then, like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the
centuries. There is nothing surprising in this. In a world where humans grow
old, tadpoles change into frogs, and milk turns into cheese, it would be strange
if language alone remained unaltered. In spite of this, large numbers of
intelligent people condemn and resent language change, regarding alterations
as due to unnecessary sloppiness, laziness or ignorance” (Aitchison, 1981,
p.16).
Aitchison clearly sees every change in language as neither good nor bad, but
inevitable.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
6.1.1b. Short direct quotations
A short direct quotation:
 is inserted directly into the text without separating it from the rest of the
paragraph
 needs opening and closing quotation marks (single or double; be consistent)
 needs the page number.
Here is an example of the paragraph which has a short direct quotation inserted into
it:
Original quotation:
Language, then, like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the centuries.
There is nothing surprising in this. In a world where humans grow old, tadpoles
change into frogs, and milk turns into cheese, it would be strange if language alone
remained unaltered. In spite of this, large numbers of intelligent people condemn
and resent language change, regarding alterations as due to unnecessary sloppiness,
laziness or ignorance (Aitchison, 1981, p.16).
The essay incorporating the question:
... Many people believe that the Americanisation of the media, and what is called
dumbing down, is having disastrous results on English. One answer to this is that
language has always been subject to change, just as everything else in the world is,
and we should not feel that this is a bad thing. Aitchison (1981), for example, points
out that language is subject to change, and is not caused by 'unnecessary
sloppiness, laziness or ignorance' (p.16). Aitchison clearly sees every change in
language as neither good nor bad, but inevitable...
6.1.2. Paraphrasing
When you paraphrase, you use your own words. This is usually preferable to direct
quotes, as the reference fits more neatly into your own style of writing. It also shows
that you really do understand what the author is saying. However, you must take
care that you don't change the meaning. Even when you use your own words, you
must still acknowledge where you got the idea from.
Here is an example of how the original quotation might be paraphrased:
Original quotation:
Language, then, like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the centuries.
There is nothing surprising in this. In a world where humans grow old, tadpoles
change into frogs, and milk turns into cheese, it would be strange if language alone
remained unaltered. In spite of this, large numbers of intelligent people condemn
and resent language change, regarding alterations as due to unnecessary sloppiness,
laziness or ignorance (Aitchison, 1981, p.16).
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
The essay incorporating the paraphrasing:
... Many people believe that the Americanisation of the media, and what is called
dumbing down, is having disastrous results on English. One answer to this is that
language change is natural, so there is no reason for people to condemn it
(Aitchison, 1981, p.16). Aitchison clearly sees every change in language as neither
good nor bad, but inevitable...
6.1.3. Summarising
A summary gives an outline of the main points of a passage, chapter or book.
Here is an example of how the original quotation could be summarised:
Original quotation:
Language, then, like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the centuries.
There is nothing surprising in this. In a world where humans grow old, tadpoles
change into frogs, and milk turns into cheese, it would be strange if language alone
remained unaltered. In spite of this, large numbers of intelligent people condemn
and resent language change, regarding alterations as due to unnecessary sloppiness,
laziness or ignorance (Aitchison, 1981, p.16).
The essay incorporating the summary:
... Many people believe that the Americanisation of the media, and what is called
dumbing down, is having disastrous results on English. However, one important
study (Aitchison, 1981) looks closely at the psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic
processes of language change over many centuries, and argues that changes in all
aspects of language are natural and inevitable...
6.1.4. Making changes to direct quotations
You may want to make minor changes to a direct quotation. This is possible (as long
as you don't change the meaning), but you must follow the rules:

if you omit parts of the quotation, whether from the beginning, middle or end,
use an ellipsis. An ellipsis consists of three dots (...)
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if you want to insert your own words, or different words, into a quotation, put
them in square brackets ([ ])
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if you want to draw attention to an error in a quotation, for example a spelling
mistake or wrong date, don't correct it; write [sic] in square brackets

if you want to emphasise something in a quotation which is particularly relevant
to your essay, put the emphasised words in italics, and state that the emphasis
is your own

if the original has italics, state that the italics are in the original.
This example shows different kinds of changes to the original quotation:
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Original quotation:
Language, then, like everything else, gradually transforms itself over the centuries.
There is nothing surprising in this. In a world where humans grow old, tadpoles
change into frogs, and milk turns into cheese, it would be strange if language alone
remained unaltered. In spite of this, large numbers of intelligent people condemn
and resent language change, regarding alterations as due to unnecessary sloppiness,
laziness or ignorance (Aitchison, 1981, p.16).
The essay, incorporating changes to the direct quotations:
Language changes are natural and inevitable. As Aitchison (1981, p.16) points out,
language: '. gradually transforms itself over the centuries . In a world where
[everything changes], it would be strange if language alone remained unaltered. In
spite of this, large numbers of intelligent people condemn and resent language
change.' (Aitchison 1981:16, my italics). Smith (1992), commenting on this, says:
'Aitcheson [sic] appears to believe that everything changes; but this is questionable'
(Smith 1992:45, italics in original).
6.1.5. Referencing one author in the work of a different author
You should always try to track down the original work but if this is not possible and
you must quote the ideas of one author which you have found in the work of
another, your in-text citation must mention two names:
1. the author of the idea you are using, and
2. the source you have found it in.
For example:
(Wilson, 1989, cited in Smith, 1995, p.4).
However, your bibliography should only give details of the source that you found it in
(in this case, Smith, 1995).
6.1.6. Incorporating citations into your sentences
There are several ways of incorporating citation sources into your paragraphs. Look
at the following passage:
One inconclusive study (Shrensky, 1998) suggests that smaller dogs (those weighing
9 kgs or under) can be more easily taught to sing than larger dogs. Indeed,
Shrensky claims that she has taught a choir of miniature poodles to sing the
Hallelujah Chorus. However, these claims have been disputed as no-one has been
able to replicate the experiment (Wilson & Collins, 1999). According to Wilson &
Collins, 'the whole idea is a load of rubbish' (Wilson & Collins, 1999, p.55).
Nevertheless, as Shrensky (1995) has noted in an earlier paper, these kinds of
studies are almost impossible to replicate without a highly-trained, experienced
specialist teacher to perform the task...
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
There are several standard phrases you can use when you want to introduce a
reference (whether a quotation, a paraphrase or a summary) into your essay or
report. Learn how to use them, and watch the punctuation!
If you want to show you agree with the reference, or that it has validity:
 as Shrensky (1995) has noted in an earlier paper, poodles can be taught to
sing

Shrensky (1995) demonstrates that poodles can be taught to sing

miniature poodles can be taught to sing (Shrensky, 1995).
If you want to show you disagree with the reference:
 Shrensky (1995) alleges/claims that poodles can sing.
If you want to remain neutral:
 according to Wilson & Collins (1999), Shrensky's study is nonsense

Wilson & Collins (1999) say that Shrensky's study is nonsense.
Look in your textbooks and other reading material for other ways of introducing
references.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
7.
Bibliographies and References
A
Act of Parliament
Title of the Act and year. (chapter number of the act; abbreviated to 'c.'). Place of
publication: Publisher.
Access to Justice Act 1999. (c.22). London: The Stationery Office.
For Acts published before 1963 you must also include some additional information:
Title of the Act and year. (Year of reign of the monarch at the time the Act was
introduced, the monarch's name which can be abbreviated, chapter number of the
Act) Place of publication: Publisher.
Homicide Act 1957. (5&6 Eliz.2, c.11). London: HMSO.
App
See mobile app.
Article
See Journal article.
B
Blog
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of blog entry. Date blog entry written. Title of
blog. [Online]. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Beard, M. 2013. To curtsey or not to curtsey? 8 June. A Don's Life. [Online].
[Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from: http://timesonline.typepad.com/
Brotherton Library. 2009. Leeds Read. 17 February. Brotherton blog. [Online].
[Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from: http://brothertonblog.blogspot.com/
Book
One author
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. Edition (if not first edition). Place of
publication: Publisher.
Adams, A.D. 1906. Electric transmission of water power. New York: McGraw.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Two authors
Family name, INITIAL(S). and Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. Edition (if not
first edition). Place of publication: Publisher.
Ahmed, T. and Meehan, N. 2012. Advanced reservoir management and engineering.
2nd ed. Amsterdam: Gulf Professional Publishing.
More than two authors
Family name, INITIAL(S). (for first author) et al. Year. Title. Edition (if not first
edition). Place of publication: Publisher.
Clayden, J. et al. 2012. Organic chemistry. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Editor(s)
If you are referencing a book with an editor rather than an author, this should
be indicated in the reference.
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of editor). ed. Year. Title. Edition (only if not first edition).
Place of publication: Publisher.
Crandell, K.A. ed. 1999. The evolution of HIV. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.
Wexler, P. et al. eds. 2012. Chemicals, environment, health: a global management
perspective. Boca Raton, FL: CRC.
For an edited book with chapters written by different authors, see Book chapter (in
an edited book).
Book chapter (in an edited book)
If you are referencing a book with chapters written by different authors, you need to
give details of the chapter, and the book in which you read it.
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Chapter title. In: Family name, INITIAL(S) (of
editor). ed(s). Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, Page numbers.
Coffin, J.M. 1999. Molecular biology of HIV. In: Crandell, K.A. ed. The evolution of
HIV. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, pp.3-40.
Book (online)
See e-book.
C
Census statistics
For print statistics, reference this using the same format as Book.
For electronic statistics, reference this using the same format as Website.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Chapter in an edited book
See book chapter (in an edited book).
CD-ROM
Title. Year. [CD-ROM]. Place of publication: Publisher.
Who's who 1897-1998. 1998. [CD-ROM]. London: Oxford University Press.
Command paper
Government department/committee/organisation. Year. Title. (Command no.). Place
of publication: Publisher.
Home Office. 2003. Identity cards: the next steps. (Cm.6020). London: The
Stationery Office.
Check which abbreviation is required for Command, as this varies for different
historical periods.
Conference paper or Conference proceedings
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of paper. In: Family name, INITIAL(S) (of
editor if known). ed. Title of conference, date of conference, location of conference.
Place of publication: Publisher, page number(s).
Robertson, J. 1986. The economics of local recovery. In: The other economic
summit, 17/18 April 1986, Tokyo. London: The Other Economic Summit, pp.5-10.
Conference presentation
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the presenter). Year. Title of the presentation. Title of
conference, date of conference, location of conference.
Newton, A.J. and Pullinger, D.J. 2012. Acting on PhD student feedback to create new
learning resources. Librarians' Information Literacy Annual Conference, 11 April,
Glasgow.
Slides from a conference presentation
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the presenter). Year. Title of the presentation
[PowerPoint presentation]. Title of conference, date of conference, location of
conference.
Newton, A.J. and Pullinger, D.J. 2012. Acting on PhD student feedback to create new
learning resources [PowerPoint presentation]. Librarians' Information Literacy Annual
Conference, 11 April, Glasgow.
Congress Hearing (US)
US House. Committee. Year. Title. Hearing, date. Place of Publication: Publisher.
US House. Committee on Economic and Educational Opportunities. 1995. Child care
and child welfare. Hearing, 3 February. Washington: Government Printing Office.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Conversation
See Personal communication.
D
Dance
Live performance
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the choreographer). Year of première. Title. [Date seen
and where].
Ashton, F. 1940. Dante sonata, The Royal Ballet. [Performance viewed 10 July 2004,
Lincoln Centre, New York].
Recording
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the director/producer). dir./prod. (depending on
whether director or producer) Year published or first transmission. Title of video or
programme. [Type of medium, eg video], Production company or Publisher [further
details to identify dance works].
Lockyer, B. dir. 1979. Sadler's Wells Royal Ballet. [Video for television transmission],
BBC TV in association with R.M. Productions Munich [Les Patineurs, Ashton;
Pineapple Poll, Cranko].
Dictionary
See Major reference work.
Dissertation
See Thesis or dissertation.
E
E-book (online or via e-book reader)
e-book online
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. [Online]. Edition (only if not first edition).
Place of publication: Publisher. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Hollensen, S. 2004. Global marketing: a decision oriented approach. [Online].
Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. [Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from:
http://www.myilibrary.com/Browse/open.asp?ID=60094
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
e-book reader format, eg Kindle
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. Edition (only if not first edition). [Name of ebook reader]. Place of publication: Publisher.
Wu, T. 2010. The master switch: the rise and fall of information empires. [Kindle DX
e-book]. London: Atlantic Books.
E-journal
See Journal article (online).
Email
See Personal communication.
Encyclopaedia
See Major reference work.
EU COM document
Title, COM (Year) serial number, draft or final.
Proposal for a Council regulation on denominations and technical specifications of
euro coins intended for circulation, COM (2010) 0691, final.
EU legislation
Regulations
Institutional origin (eg European Commission or Council of the European Union)
Regulation (Treaty abbreviation) number/year followed by the date it was passed
and the title.
Council Regulation (EC) No. 2725/2000 of 11 December 2000 concerning the
establishment of 'Eurodac' for the comparison of fingerprints for the effective
application of the Dublin Convention.
Directives and Decisions
Institutional origin (eg European Commission or Council of the European Union)
Form Year/legislation number/Treaty followed by the date it was passed and the
title.
Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for
human consumption.
This is all in italics and the title is not capitalised.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Exhibition catalogue
Family name, INITIAL(s) (of author or editor). Year. Title of exhibition, venue, date.
[Exhibition catalogue]. Place of publication: Publisher.
Krystof, D. and Morgan, J. 2006. Martin Kippenberger exhibition catalogue, Tate
Modern, 8 February-14 May. [Exhibition catalogue]. London: Tate Publishing.
F
Facebook
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of page. [Facebook]. Date post written. [Date
accessed]. Available from: URL
Smith, A. 2012. Referencing Group. [Facebook]. 4 November. [Accessed 10 June
2013. Available from: http://www.facebook.com
Film
Title. Year of release. [Medium]. Full name of director. dir. Place of production:
Production Company.
Citizen Kane. 1941. [Film]. Orson Welles. dir. USA: RKO Radio Pictures.
Foreign Language Material
Reference the exact text used, in the same style as you would reference English
language material.
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. Place of publication: Publisher.
Foucault, M. 1971. L'archéologie du savoir. Paris: NRF/Gallimard.
When referencing foreign language material where the information is written using
another alphabet, such as Japanese, you should transliterate (not translate) the
details into the English alphabet.
Example:
鷲田清一. 2007. 京都の平熱 : 哲学者の都市案内. 東京: 講談社.
Washida, K. 2007. Kyōto no heinetsu: tetsugakusha no toshi annai. Tōkyō:
Kōdansha.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
G
Google Earth images
Google Earth version (if applicable). Year data released. Image details - location, coordinates, elevation. Data set (if applicable). [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Google Earth 5.0. 2009. Leeds University, 53°48'28.60"N, 1°33'11.95"W, elev 63km.
Clouds data layer. [Accessed 9 February 2009]. Available from:
http://code.google.com/apis/earth/
All uses of Google Earth require copyright attribution.
Government departmental circular (UK)
For paper copies, reference these using the same format as book.
For online copies, reference these using the same format as e-book.
Use the Government department/committee/organisation as the author.
Example:
Lord Chancellor's Department and Department of Health. 1993. Child witness pack.
London: Home Office.
H
Hansard
Hansard Name of House abbreviated (ie HC or HL) Deb. vol. number col. number(s),
date.
Hansard HC Deb. vol.492 cols.25-6, 5 May 2009.
House of Commons / Lords Papers
Government department/committee/organisation. Year. Title. (House name
abbreviated (ie HC or HL) series number, parliamentary session). Place of
publication: Publisher.
National Audit Office. 2005. Returning failed asylum applicants. (HC 76, 2005-06).
London: The Stationery Office.
I
Illustration
See Works of art.
Image
If you refer to an image that you have found in a printed source, eg a book, you
must provide a reference for that source. Check with your tutor about the most
appropriate way to present images in your work, eg including a list of images in an
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
appendix. It is not necessary to provide a reference in your bibliography for an
image that you have created yourself.
Online image
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the originator). Year. Title of image. [Online]. [Date
accessed]. Available from: URL
Bowry, J. 2013. Telephone boxes in the snow. [Online]. [Accessed 10 June 2013].
Available from: http://www.flickr.com/
Newry Institute. 2002. Current student. [Online]. [Accessed 10 June 2013].
Available from: http://www.nkifhe.ac.uk/
Original image or photograph
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the originator). Year. Title. [Material type]. At: Place:
holding institution, department (if applicable). Identifier (if applicable).
Roux, E. 1915. Photograph taken at Gallipoli by Ernest Roux. At: Leeds: Leeds
University Library, Liddle Collection, FR 31.
Original image or photograph (missing details)
If there is no originator, start your reference with the image title. If there is no title,
start with a description.
Title. Year. [Material type]. At: Place: holding institution, department (if applicable).
Identifier (if applicable).
Photograph of two members of the Shaikevich family. c1920. At: Leeds: Leeds
University Library, Leeds Russian Archive Collection. MS 1210.
Informal or in-house publications
For informal publications, such as leaflets, provide what details you can:
Family name, INITIAL(S) (or company name). Year. Title. [Leaflet]. Place of
publication: Publisher.
Leeds University Library. 2012. Workshop timetable semester 1 2012-13. [Leaflet].
Leeds: University of Leeds.
Interview
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of interviewee). Year. Interview with (name of
interviewer). Date, location.
Thompson, D. 2008. Interview with J. Smith. 4 August, Leeds.
It is not necessary to provide a reference in your bibliography for an interview that
you have conducted yourself.
Check with your tutor about the most appropriate way to present this in your work,
eg including transcripts in an appendix. You may also need to seek permission from
the interviewee(s).
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
J
Journal article
One author
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of article. Journal Title. Volume(issue number),
page numbers.
Pajunen, K. 2008. Institutions and inflows of foreign direct investment: a fuzzy-set
analysis. Journal of International Business Studies. 39(4), pp.652-669.
Two authors
Family name, INITIAL(S) and Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of article. Journal
Title. Volume(issue number), page numbers.
Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C.F. 2010. Magnitude and energy of earthquakes. Annals
of Geophysics. 53(1), pp.7-12.
More than two authors
Family name, INITIAL(S) et al. Year. Title of article. Journal Title. Volume(issue
number), page numbers.
MacNaughton, S.J. et al. 1999. Microbial population changes during bioremediation
of an experimental oil spill. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 65(8),
pp.3566-3574.
Use p. to reference a single page, and pp. for a range of pages.
Journal article (forthcoming)
Occasionally an article may be made available online before being formally published
in an issue of the journal.
If you know the year that article will be published:
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year Forthcoming. Title of article. Journal Title.
[Online]. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Royall, C.P. et al. 2013 Forthcoming. Radiation damage of water in environmental
scanning electron microscopy. Journal of Microscopy. [Online]. [Accessed 4
November 2012]. Available from: http://0www3.interscience.wiley.com.wam.leeds.ac.uk/
If you don't know the year that article will be published:
Family name, INITIAL(S). Forthcoming. Title of article. Journal Title. [Online]. [Date
accessed]. Available from: URL
Royall, C.P. et al. Forthcoming. Radiation damage of water in environmental
scanning electron microscopy. Journal of Microscopy. [Online]. [Accessed 4
November 2012]. Available from: http://0www3.interscience.wiley.com.wam.leeds.ac.uk/
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Journal article (online)
One author
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of article. Journal Title. [Online]. Volume(issue
number), page numbers. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
El Gharras, H. 2009. Polyphenols: food sources, properties and applications - a
review. International Journal of Food Science & Technology. [Online]. 44(12),
pp.2512-2518. [Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com
Two authors
Family name, INITIAL(S). and Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of article. Journal
Title. [Online]. Volume(issue number), page numbers. [Date accessed]. Available
from: URL
Selmke, M. and Cichos, F. 2013. Photonic Rutherford scattering: a classical and
quantum mechanical analogy in ray and wave optics. American Journal of Physics.
[Online]. 81(6), pp.405-413. [Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from: http://0scitation.aip.org.wam.leeds.ac.uk/
More than two authors
Family name, INITIAL(S). et al. Year. Title of article. Journal Title. [Online].
Volume(issue number), page numbers. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Royall, C.P. et al. 2001. Radiation damage of water in environmental scanning
electron microscopy. Journal of Microscopy. [Online]. 204(3), pp.185-195.
[Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from: http://0www3.interscience.wiley.com.wam.leeds.ac.uk/
L
Law report
The examples below follow the accepted conventions for referencing law reports.
If the year is crucial to identify the report, enclose it in square brackets:
Parties in the case [Year] Abbreviation of law report Page.
Jones v. Smith [1934] All ER 123.
If the law report has a volume number, and so the year is not crucial to find the
case, enclose it in round brackets:
Parties in the case (Year) Volume number Abbreviation of law report Page.
R. v. Williams (1992) 2 WLR 32.
Citing in your text
Leaflet
See Informal or in-house publication.
25
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Letter
See Personal communication.
M
Magazine article
See Journal article.
Major reference work
The editor and publisher of a well-known reference work can be omitted, but cite the
page numbers consulted:
Title. Edition (if not first edition). Year. s.v. Section heading, page number of your
quotation.
New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 15th ed. 2005. s.v. Microradiography, p.1374.
s.v. stands for "sub verbo". This means "look under" and directs the reader to find it
under another heading, in this case the section.
Manuscript
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. [Material type]. At: Place: holding institution,
department (if applicable). Identifier (if applicable).
Colvil, S. c.1680. The mock poem, I-II. [Manuscript]. At: Leeds: Leeds University
Library, Brotherton Collection. MS Lt 1.
c. is an abbreviation of "circa", meaning "approximately". You may find that this is
used in dates for old manuscripts.
Map
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of originator). Year. Title, scale. Place of publication:
Publisher.
Mason, J. 1832. Map of the countries lying between Spain and India, 1:8,000,000.
London: Ordnance Survey.
Map (online)
Originator(s). Year. Image details - location (format if available), scale if available.
[Online]. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Google Maps. 2009. Leeds University (satellite). [Online]. [Accessed 16 November].
Available from: http://tinyurl.com/ylx3zwy
Ordnance Survey. 2009. Leeds University, 1:125,000 [online]. [Accessed 16
November]. Available from: http://edina.ac.uk/digimap
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Microform
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. [Medium]. Available: Title of microform
collection: reel number/fiche number.
Adson, J. 1621. Courtly masquing ayres, composed to 5. and 6. parts, for violins,
consorts, and cornets. [Microfilm]. Available: Early English books, 1475-1640:
906:1.
Mobile app
Relevant details for the application should be available from the app store where it
was purchased, eg iTunes App Store.
Developer. Year. Title of app (version number). [Mobile app]. [Date accessed].
Blackboard Inc. 2013. Blackboard mobile learn (version 3.1.4). [Mobile app].
[Accessed 15 May 2013].
Module lectures and materials
Not all lecturers are happy for you to cite directly from lectures, so it is good practice
to check this with your tutor. If the lecturer is drawing from a published source, you
should find that source for use in your own work (you can always ask for reading
suggestions if you like an idea).
Lecture
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the lecturer). Year. Lecture title. MODULE CODE Title of
module. Date, teaching organisation.
Voltmer, K. 2006. Politicians and the press: models of interaction. COMM5610
Politics and the Media. 17 April, University of Leeds.
Lecture handouts
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Lecture title. Lecture notes distributed in MODULE
CODE Title of module. Date, teaching organisation.
Voltmer, K. 2006. Politicians and the press: models of interaction. Lecture notes
distributed in COMM5610 Politics and the Media. 17 April, University of Leeds.
Module materials accessed in the VLE
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the lecturer). Year. Title. [Format accessed through the
VLE, eg PowerPoint slides]. MODULE CODE Title of module. Teaching organisation.
Voltmer, K. 2006. Politicians and the press: models of interaction. [PowerPoint slides
accessed through the VLE]. COMM5610 Politics and the Media. University of Leeds.
Monograph
See Book.
27
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Music
Recorded music
Individual piece of recorded music:
Family name, INITIAL(s) (of originator/composer). Year. Title. Name of recording
artist. Title of album. [Medium]. Place of recording: Label.
Gallagher, N. 1994. Live forever. Oasis. Definitely maybe. [CD]. Manchester:
Creation Records.
Album
Name of recording artist. Year. Title of album. [Medium]. Place of recording: Label.
Oasis. 1994. Definitely maybe. [CD]. Manchester: Creation Records.
Sheet music/Musical score
Family name, INITIAL(s) (of originator/composer). Year of publication. Title.
[Medium] Place of publication: Publisher.
Handel, G.F. 1890. Serse. Ombra mai fù ; arr. [Musical Score] London: Augener Ltd.
Live performance of music
Family name, INITIAL(s) (of originator/composer). Year written. Title. [Live
performance]. Name of performing artist. Date seen, location.
Springsteen, B. 1975. Born to run. [Live performance]. Bruce Springsteen. 15 June
2013, Wembley Stadium, London.
Chopin, F. 1830. Piano Concerto No 2. [Live performance]. Royal Philharmonic
Orchestra. 26 January 2013, Leeds Town Hall, Leeds.
N
Newspaper
Newspaper article
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of article. Newspaper title. Date, page
number(s).
Webster, B. 2006. New speed camera puts more drivers in the frame. The Times. 24
May, p.1.
Newspaper article (online)
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of article. Newspaper title. [Online]. Date.
[Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Pope, F. 2009. Losing Nemo: is there time to save the seas? The Times. [Online]. 3
December. [Accessed 4 March 2010]. Available from:
http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/environment/article1844332.ece
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Newspaper cartoon
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of cartoonist). Year. Title of cartoon. Newspaper title.
Date, page number.
Bell, S. 2006. The alleged al-Qaida threat to Los Angeles. The Guardian. 10
February, p.29.
NICE guidance
When referencing NICE guidance, it is good practice to cite and quote from the full
version of the guidance.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Year. Title of guidance. [No. of
guidance]. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. 2008. Type 2 diabetes: the
management of type 2 diabetes (update). [CG66]. London: National Institute for
Health and Care Excellence.
O
Online discussion list or discussion forum
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title of message. Date added. Discussion group title.
[Online]. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Stubbings, R. 2005. Diagnostic tests. 3 August. Lis-infoliteracy. [Online]. [Accessed
18 May 2009]. Available from: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk
P
Painting
See Works of art.
Parliamentary bills
Title and year. (House name abbreviated to HC or HL Bill number, parliamentary
session). Place of publication: Publisher.
Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Bill 2013-14. (HC Bill 7, 2013-14). London:
The Stationery Office.
Parliamentary papers (UK)
See under type of parliamentary paper:
 Act of Parliament
 Command paper
 House of Commons/Lords paper
 Parliamentary bills
29
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Patent
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of inventor). Year. Title of patent document. Patent
number.
Cashwell, E. 1981. Optical perforating apparatus and system. EP0021165 A1. 198101-07.
Periodical
See Journal article.
Personal communication
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of sender/speaker/author). Year. Medium and receiver of
communication, date of communication.
Smith, A. 2007. Conversation with Robert Jones, 24 January.
Wilkinson, P. 2007. Email to Robert Jones, 7 May.
Lyons, D. 2007. Letter to Robert Jones, 16 November.
Podcast
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of originator). Year. Title of episode. Title of podcast.
[Podcast]. [Date Accessed]. Available from: (URL/App)
BBC Radio 4. 2013. 2013-07-11 Ambridge Extra Thursday. The Archers. [Podcast].
[Accessed 12 July 2013]. Available from:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/series/archers
Watson, A. 2007. Alan Watson (University of Leeds) - The Search for Origin of the
Highest Energy Particles in Nature. Physics general interest seminar podcasts.
[Podcast]. [Accessed 15 May 2013]. Available from: iTunesU.
Poem
You should refer to the name of the poem and the poet in the main body of your
work, and include a citation to the anthology in which it appears:
Geoffrey Hill's The Guardians (Ferguson et al., 2005, p.1832) was well received by
critics in 1959.
In the bibliography, you should refer only to the anthology in which the poem was
published:
Family name, INITIAL(S). ed(s). Year. Title. Edition (only if not first edition). Place of
publication: Publisher.
Ferguson, M. et al. 2005. The Norton anthology of poetry. 5th ed. London: W.W.
Norton.
30
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Poster
Conference poster
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the author). Year. Title. [Poster]. Event name (if
applicable), date, location (for where the poster was exhibited).
Brooks, I. 2013. Paper chains and octopuses: an activities based information skills
session. [Poster]. Librarians' Information Literacy Annual Conference, The University
of Manchester Library, 25-27 March.
Poster viewed online
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the author). Year. Title. [Online poster]. [Date
accessed]. Available from: URL
Smith, R. 2013. Did you know? Marketing information literacy training. [Online
poster]. [Accessed 5 May 2013]. Available from: http://www.slideshare.net/
If no author is identifiable, start the reference with the title of the poster, followed by
the year.
Press release
Organisation. Year. Title. [Press release]. [Date Accessed]. Available from: URL
NSPCC. 2009. NSPCC calls for better support for child witnesses. [Press release].
[Accessed 18 May 2009]. Available from: http://www.nspcc.org.uk
Public lecture
See Speech.
R
Radio programme
Individual programme
Title. Year. Transmitting organisation/channel. Date and time of transmission.
The Archers. 2011. BBC Radio 4. 1 September, 19:00.
Series
Series title, number and title of episode (if applicable). Year. Transmitting
organisation/channel. Date and time of transmission.
Book of the week, episode 3, Permanent present tense. 2013. BBC Radio 4. 17 July,
09:45.
The World Tonight. 2013. BBC Radio 4. 15 July, 22:00.
31
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Religious text
Title: including version. Year. Place of publication: Publisher.
The Bible: authorised King James version. 1997. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
The Qurʼan: a modern English version. 1997. Reading: Garnet.
Report
For paper copies of reports, reference these using the same format as book.
For online copies of reports, reference these using the same format as e-book.
S
Sculpture
See Works of art.
Senate report (US)
US Senate. Committee. Year. Title. (Report number). Place of publication: Publisher.
US Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. 1995. Franklin D.
Roosevelt's family lands: report together with minority views (to accompany s. 134).
(S. Rpt. 104-32). Washington: Government Printing Office.
Serial
See Journal article.
Sound recording
Sound recording (physical copy eg on CD)
Family name, INITIAL(s) (of recordist) or Company name. Year. Title of individual
recording. Title of album. [Sound recording]. Place of recording: Label.
BBC. 1994. Country pub at lunchtime. Essential sound effects of England. [Sound
recording]. London: BBC Enterprises.
Sound recording (online)
Family name, INITIAL(s) (of recordist) or Company name. Year. Title. [Sound
recording]. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Watts, D. 1984. Oriolus larvatus: African Black-headed Oriole - Oriolidae. [Sound
recording]. [Accessed 15 July 2013]. Available from: http://sounds.bl.uk/
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Speech
Live speech
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the speaker). Year of speech. Title of speech. Date of
speech, location of speech.
Obama, B. 2008. A more perfect union. 18 March, National Constitution Centre,
Philadelphia.
Recording of a speech viewed online
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the speaker). Year of speech. Title of speech. [Online].
Date of speech, location of speech. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Obama, B. 2008. A more perfect union. [Online]. 18 March, National Constitution
Centre, Philadelphia. [Accessed 10 June 2013]. Available from:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHuDLM-xiBo
Broadcast of a speech on television or radio
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the speaker). Year of speech. Title of speech. Date of
speech, location of speech. Title of programme. Transmitting organisation/channel.
Date of original transmission.
Obama, B. 2008. A more perfect union. 18 March, National Constitution Centre,
Philadelphia. Newsnight. BBC. 1 September 2008.
Transcript of a speech
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of speaker). Year of speech. Title of speech. In: Family
name, INITIAL(S) (of editor). ed(s). Year. Title of book. Place of publication:
Publisher, page numbers.
Clinton, H. 2011. Strength in resilience. In: Wilson, H. ed. 2012. Representative
American Speeches 2011-2012. Ipswich, MA.: H.W. Wilson, pp.97-100.
Standard
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of standard author if applicable)/Organisation. Year.
Standard Number. Title of standard. Place of publication: Publisher.
British Standards Institution. 1990. BS5605:1990. Recommendations for citing and
referencing published material. Milton Keynes: BSI.
Statutory Instrument
Title of the Statutory Instrument and year. Abbreviation SI year/number. Place of
publication: Publisher.
The Bathing Water Regulations 2013. SI 2013/1675. London: The Stationery Office.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
T
Television advertisement
Company/Product. Year produced. Description of advert (duration). [Television
advertisement]. Transmitting organisation/channel. [Date seen].
Coca Cola. 2006. Santa handing bottles of coke to a girl every year at Christmas
until she turns into a woman (30 secs). [Television advertisement]. ITV3. [5
December 2006].
Television programme
Individual programme
Title. Year. Transmitting organisation/channel. Date and time of transmission.
News at Ten. 2010. ITV. 27 January, 22:00.
The murder trial. 2013. Channel 4. 10 July, 21:00
Episode in a series
Series title, number and title of episode (if applicable). Year. Transmitting
organisation/channel. Date and time of transmission.
Desperate housewives, Episode 16, Crime doesn't pay. 2009. Channel 4. 8 April,
22.00.
Horizon, Kids lost in care. 2013. BBC 1. 24 June, 22:00.
Theatre performance
Devised production
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of producer/production company). Year of production.
Title. Full name of director. dir. Theatre: Theatre company. First performance: date
of first performance.
Burlinson, K and Crarer, C. 2013. Emily Wilding Davison: the one who threw herself
under the horse. Kath Burlinson. dir. Smallhythe Barn Theatre, Kent: Cambridge
Devised Theatre. First performance: 4 June 2013.
Production of an authored play
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of author). Year of production. Title. Full name of director.
dir. Theatre: Theatre company. First performance: date of first performance.
Shakespeare, W. 1989. Pericles, Prince of Tyre. David Thacker. dir. The Swan,
Stratford-upon-Avon: Royal Shakespeare Company. First performance: 6 September
1989.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Thesis or dissertation
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year. Title. Type of qualification, academic institution.
Dang, V.A. 2007. Three essays in financial economics. Ph.D. thesis, University of
Leeds.
Translated material
You should reference exactly what you read so, if you read a translation, you should
reference the translated version. There is no need to mention that it is a translation,
to name the translator - it will be obvious from your reference which language you
read it in.
Reference the exact text used, in the same format (eg book, journal article) as you
would reference English language material.
For example:
Foucault, M. 2002. The archaeology of knowledge. London: Routledge
See also: Foreign language material
Twitter
Family name, INITIAL(S) (or organisation). Year. Full text of tweet. [Twitter]. Day
and month tweet posted. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Dougill, Andy. 2013. Energising development with Jatropha curcas? Biofuel
reflections from Mali in @PracticalAction briefing paper. [Twitter]. 16 April. [Accessed
26 July 2013]. Available from: https://twitter.com/AndyDougill
Guardian. 2013. Bushfires in Australia leave path of destruction
http://gu.com/p/3cqa4/tf. [Twitter]. 7 January. [Accessed 7 January 2013].
Available from: https://twitter.com/guardian
U
Unpublished document
Family name, INITIAL(S). Year (if applicable). Title. Unpublished.
Fendell, R. [No date]. Training and management for primary healthcare.
Unpublished.
V
Video
Video (recorded eg on DVD or videocassette)
Reference this using the same format as Film.
35
LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Video (online)
Screen name or username. Year. Title. [Online]. [Date Accessed]. Available from:
URL
Leelefever. 2008. Twitter in plain English. [Online]. [Accessed 22 November 2011].
Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ddO9idmax0o.
Video game
Title of game (edition or version). Year. Platform [Game]. Publisher: Place of
publication.
Assassin's Creed Brotherhood (standard edition). 2011. Xbox [Game]. Ubisoft:
Montreal.
W
Website or webpage
Family name, INITIAL(S) (or company name). Year. Title. [Online]. [Date accessed].
Available from: URL
Hawking, S. 2000. Professor Stephen Hawking's website. [Online]. [Accessed 9
February 2009]. Available from: http://www.hawking.org.uk/home/hindex.html
Environment Agency. 2013. River and coastal maintenance programmes 2013-14.
[Online]. [Accessed 12 July 2013]. Available from: http://www.environmentagency.gov.uk
Wiki
Wiki name. Year. Title of article. [Online]. [Date accessed]. Available from: URL
Wikipedia. 2007. Socrates. [Online]. [Accessed 23 January 2007]. Available from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Socrates action=history
Working paper
For paper copies, reference these using the same format as book. For online copies,
reference these using the same format as e-book.
Works of art
Family name, INITIAL(S) (of the artist). Year. Title. [Material type]. At: Place:
holding institution, department (if applicable). Identifier (if applicable).
Van Gogh, V. 1888. Sunflowers. [Oil on canvas]. At: London: National Gallery.
Gosse, S. 1912. The garden, Rowlandson House. [Etching and aquatint]. At: London:
British Museum, Department of Prints and Drawings. Register number 1915-27-41.
Quentin, B. 1982. Levitating woman (maquette for 'The Dreamer'). [Ceramic
sculpture]. At: Leeds: The University of Leeds, The Stanley and Audrey Burton
Gallery. LEEUA 2006.001.
Y
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
YouTube video
Reference this using the same format as video (online).
Further Help
For further information on referencing, plagiarism and writing skills assistance,
including FAQs and an online tutorial in the Harvard system, please look at the
following website: http://library.leeds.ac.uk/skills-referencing
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
8.
Bibliography
A full bibliography of all the texts which have been sourced in the text of the
assignment should be included. The bibliography should be produced in alphabetical
order and all the details of the source should be given, i.e., the author/s name/s, the
date, the title, the publisher, and where it was published if a book, and the number,
volume and page number if an article.
For example:
Webster, B. 2006. New speed camera puts more drivers in the frame. The Times. 24
May, p.1.
There is no need to provide a reference list of books or articles, which have been
read or consulted but not used. If ideas have come from references, they should be
sourced in the text and therefore should appear in the bibliography.
The bibliography should appear at the end of the assignment. In historical studies,
this must distinguish between printed and manuscript, and primary and secondary
sources. All references in the text should be included in the bibliography.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
APPENDIX A - Penalties for the late submission of coursework
In order for your assessed coursework to be complete, work must be submitted
before 12.00 noon prompt on the deadline date. Failure to submit by this time will
result in a late penalty being applied.
Students whose work is late, for every period of 24 hours or part thereof that your
assessment is overdue, you will lose 5% of the total marks available for the
assessment.
The deduction will be applied to the mark for the coursework component concerned
before any conflation with other grades/marks to give the overall result for the
module. If the coursework is not submitted by the end of fourteen calendar days
following the prescribed deadline, a mark of zero should be returned for that
component.
APPENDIX B - Compressing Files
It is a good idea to compress files which contain images to save file space. This is
especially useful when submitting or posting work to the VLE as tools such Turnitin
have a 40mb file size limit.
Microsoft programs where images are likely to be used have a compression facility.
Instructions below are for Microsoft Word and PowerPoint.
Compress your files using Microsoft Word/PowerPoint
Open your document in the appropriate programme. If the picture tool bar is not
visible, do the following:



click View
click Toolbars
click Picture.
You will see the toolbar below, click on the Compress Pictures icon.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
The Compress Pictures box will open. Leave the settings as the default (as in the
image below) and click OK.
You may see a message warning you that compressing pictures may result in a lower
quality of image (as below). This is unlikely to be an issue unless your work relies
on very high quality images. Click Apply to run the compression.
Your file will now be compressed. Make sure you save the file to keep the changes.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
APPENDIX C - File Naming Guidelines - Best practice
The way you name your files and folders conveys information about the data you
have stored in your file. Adopting a naming convention makes it easier to manage
files and find what you want, quickly.
Good Practice
Rationale
Keep your file and folder names
short
It is easier to locate it
Keeps file paths short
Make the name unique
Avoid confusing duplicates
Do not use any of the following
characters: & , . ( ) % # ‘ “
/\-{}[]<>:;@
Usually not allowed in most file systems
Do not include spaces
This can cause difficulties in most
operating systems
When numbering similar types of
files/folders try to anticipate
maximum numbers
If you think that you will use 100 files for
example, it is better to use 001 instead of
01, otherwise lists of files will be difficult
to order
It is good practice to keep the
directory structure between 3 - 5
levels
Shallow directory structures are easier to
manage
Recommended naming convention
A naming convention which has gained a lot of popularity and is used in a number of
World Wide Web Consortium-recommended protocols is called CamelCase.
CamelCase uses multiple words that are joined together as a single word
(concatenation). The first letter of each of the multiple words is a capital which aids
readability. It is important though not to create words too long. e.g:
‘DontCreateVeryLongWordsBecause they
LengthenFilepathsAndDontNecessarilyAidDescriptionOfFileContents’
Optional date naming/sorting convention
If you want to insert a date in your file name, it is advisable to use the following
format: YYYYMMDD, separated by a hyphen or underscore.
For example: 20080228-VLE.doc.
To separate the fields it is advisable to use hyphen, upper (-) or lower (_) or
underscores. Do not use spaces.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
APPENDIX D - Word limit penalties
All course work assignments that contribute to the assessment of a module are
subject to a word limit, as specified in the module handbook for that module. Unless
stated specifically otherwise in the relevant module handbook everything except
the title, bibliography and any appendices is included in the word count.
It is School policy that a penalty for exceeding the word limit will be applied and
students are required to provide an accurate word count on the front cover of their
assignment. For work that exceeds the word limit the following penalties will be
applied:
Exceeds word limit by-
Marks to be deducted -
0.1-10.0%
10.1-20.0%
20.1-30.0%
30.1-40.0%
40.1-50.0%
5
10
15
20
25
If the word count exceeds the word limit by more than 50%, the mark awarded for
the work will be a maximum of 0.
Checking of Stated Word Counts and Procedures for dealing with
Misstatements
A random sample of assignments for each module will be checked to ensure
compliance with the word limit. An incorrect statement of a word count is regarded
by the University as seeking to deceive the examiners and constitutes malpractice.
Please note that it is not acceptable to convert text to images to evade the word
limit - electronic submissions will be checked for instances of this and use of this
tactic could be perceived as an attempt to deceive the examiner.
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LUBS Assignment, Submission, Presentation & Referencing Guidelines (2015/16)
Academic Year 2015/16
Undergraduate: Monday 21st September 2015
New Students
Postgraduate: Monday 14TH September 2015
Returning Students
Monday 28 September 2015
Session ends
Friday 17th June 2016
Semester 1
Teaching begins Monday 28 September 2015
Christmas break
Teaching ends Friday 11 December 2015
Examinations period
Monday 11 – Friday 22 January 2016
Semester 2
Teaching begins Monday 25 January 2016
Easter break
Saturday 19 March – Sunday 18 April 2016
End of Semester Two
Teaching
Teaching ends Friday 6 May 2016
Examinations period
Monday 16 May – Friday 3 June 2016
Postgraduate Students Only
Semester 3
Teaching begins Monday 6 June 2016
Dissertation Submission
Thursday 1st September
August Re-sit Period
To be Confirmed
Any Postgraduate student wishing to leave Leeds during this period, please refer to the PG office
Wednesday 24 December 2015 – Friday 1 January 2016
Dates when
the University
will be closed
(inclusive
dates shown)
Thursday 24 March (University closes at 12.30pm) – Tuesday 29 March 2016
Monday 2 May 2016
Monday 30 to Tuesday 31 May 2016
Monday 29 Aug to Tuesday 30 Aug 2016
NB: Dates correct at date of print. An academic Calendar is available online at:
http://www.leeds.ac.uk/info/20015/about/158/term_dates
43