A New Nation Nationalism/ Sectionalism Reform Westward Expansion Causes/ Civil War Reconstruction 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 100 What was the Whiskey Rebellion in response to? The Whiskey Rebellion was in response to a tax that Hamilton decided to put in Whiskey in order to restore the economy. Farmers in western Pennsylvania felt threatened by the tax, and many refused to pay it, thereby starting a rebellion. Significance? A challenge to our new government. 200 What type of power did these two Cabinet members believe our new government should have? HAMILTON JEFFERSON Hamilton believed that there should be a strong national government and Jefferson believed that there should be a limited national government. 300 Name four of the seven roles of the President. Head of State, Chief Executive, Chief Diplomat, Commander in Chief, Chief Legislator, Political Party Leader, Guardian of the Economy 400 What are two positive effects that the War of 1812 had on America? There was a growth in American Nationalism, strengthening of isolationism, increase in westward migration, an encouragemnt of the American industry and the dissappearance of the Federalist Party. 500 What is the Louisiana Purchase and why was it so important to America? The Louisiana Purchase was when Napoleon agreed to sell America this portion of land and this was the biggest land purchase in history. This was important to America because it doubled the size of America and which allowed for endless opportunities. 100 What is the removal of the Cherokee known as today? The Trail of Tears 200 Define both nationalism and sectionalism. Nationalism is having pride in ones nation and putting the nation ahead of everything else and focusing on it as a whole. Sectionalism is focusing more on certain parts of the nation like states, before focusing on the nation as a whole. 300 Identify two forms of sectionalism that were discussed in class and explain WHY they fit into that category. Industrial Revolution, economies in the North and South, Federal Power vs. State’s Rights 400 Identify two forms of nationalism that were discussed in class and explain WHY they fit into that category. Westward Expansion, Monroe Doctrine, Missouri Compromise, American System, Indian Removal Act of 1830, etc. 500 What was the American System? The American System was created by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun and this was to unite the nations economic interests. In the end it was supposed to boost federal power and limit state power. 100 What is Transcendentalism? A literary movement that emphasized living a simple life and celebrated the truth found in nature and in personal emotion. 200 What movement was known for strengthening one’s personal duty to God, to uphold his word and the morals associated with his faith? The Second Great Awakening— This “awakened” the nation to a desire for change, or REFORM 300 Identify where and why the Declaration of Sentiments was written. The Declaration of Sentiments was written during the Seneca Falls Convention (a meeting during the Women’s Rights Movement) and was modeled after the Declaration of Independence to show that women were equal to men in society. 400 What are two major issues that caused a desire to reform the workplace? 1. Long hours 2. Low pay 3. Poor working conditions: discomfort, illness, danger 4. All injured at work are in danger of losing their jobs 500 Name the major reform movements that we focused on, starting in the early 1800’s? 1. Slavery and abolition 2. Women’s rights 3. Workplace reform 4. Education reform 5. Asylum/Prison reform 100 What is the belief that Americans had a God-given right to occupy the entire North American continent? Manifest Destiny 200 Why did Americans want to move westward? Americans hoped to move westward because there was more land and resources. 300 Choose two of the above territories and explain: 1. What is the territory? 2. From where/how was it acquired? 3. How did the acquisition of this territory contribute to manifest destiny? 400 Explain how the boundary dispute between Mexico and America helped to trigger the Mexican-American War. Texas and U.S. claim that the Rio Grande marks the southern border of Texas. Mexican government rejects this idea and argues that the real southern border is the Nueces River. FIGHTING BREAKS OUT ON THE RIO GRANDE. 500 What was the Wilmot Proviso and who supported it? The Wilmot Proviso banned slavery from any new territory claimed from the Mexican-American war such as California, Utah and New Mexico. This had been supported by Northerners because feared that new slave territory would give slave states more opportunities in congress, but with this proviso it would not happen. 100 What was the Compromise of 1850? The Compromise of 1850 was one that was supposed to settle any disputes between free states and slave states about slavery, and because of this the South threatens secession. California will be admitted as a free state NORTH Popular Sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah • The right of residents to vote for or against slavery BOTH Fugitive slave law SOUTH 200 What is the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 and why did it help spark the secession of the South? This was an act that was passed by plantation owners which stated that any Federal marshal that did not arrest a runaway slave could be fined $1,000 and any person helping a runaway slave could be given that fine too. The North began to disobey the Act and help runaway slaves anyway, contributing to the Southern feeling that there was o longer time for compromise. 300 Provide two ways (for each) for how the Civil War affected home life in both the North and the South Poor Southern economy, Draft, African Americans, Northern growth, Human costs, etc. 400 What was the Dred Scott case and why is it significant to the time period? The Dred Scott case was when a slave was taken to live in a free state with his master then back to a slave state and he claimed since he once lived in a free state he was free then he sued for his freedom. In the end, due to the Missouri Compromise the court said they had no right to take property away and that was what slaves were seen as. This case implied that slavery was expected to grow. 500 What was the final straw towards Southern secession and WHY? After Lincoln was elected president the South finally decided to secede because Lincoln planned to halt the growth of slavery and since Lincoln received less than half of the popular vote and no electoral votes from the South, they believed they lost their political voice in the national government and feared slavery would come to an end. 100 Why was lynching used in the South after Reconstruction? To strike fear in the hearts of African Americans. It is mainly used by vigilante groups like the KKK in order to restore “white supremacy” in the South in the years following the Civil War and much later. 200 Discuss one strength and one weakness of one of the following plans for reconstruction: Lincoln’s Plan, Wade Davis Bill, Johnson’s plan Lincoln’s 10% Plan: • Pardon all Confederates who took loyalty oath (swear allegiance to the Union and promise to obey its laws) Exceptions: High-ranking Confederate officials , Those who committed crimes against POW’s • If 10% of voters took the oath, statehood would be re-established in the U.S. Radical Republicans’ Wade Davis Bill: •Congress responsible for Reconstruction, NOT the President, Military governors to rule Southern states, Majority of citizens required to take loyalty oath, •Attitude: South should be treated as conquered territory Johnson’s Presidential Reconstruction Plan: • The 7 remaining Southern states could be readmitted if they: Declared secession illegal, Swore allegiance to the Union, Pay off war debts, Ratified the 13th Amendment 300 In the 13th, 14th and 15th amendment who did the authors of them trust and who did they not place their trust in? The authors of these amendments placed their trust in African Americans by abolishing slavery and granting them rights such as the one to vote. They did not trust the South because ex-Confederates were not allowed to sit in a political office. 400 Why was the Plessy v. Ferguson case significant to the period of Reconstruction before AND after? It upheld the idea of SEPARATE BUT EQUAL by making it clear that this separation was not a right granted by the 14th amendment. Separate but equal continued to be practiced up until 1954. 500 In what ways was the period of Reconstruction beneficial to African Americans? Provide five ways. • • • • • • • • 13th Amendment 14th Amendment 15th Amendment Able to travel/leave Reunify with families Educate themselves Hold Political office • VOTE! 40 acres and a mule FINAL JEOPARDY Was Reconstruction a period of growth OR a period of broken promises? Give 3 reasons for your choice