October 8, 2013
• Culture PPT/Notes
• Culture Project
What is Culture?
• Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors
shared and passed on by a group
Are you born with culture, or is it
taught to you?
• Culture is learned
Who teaches you culture?
• family, school, peers
What things do we share as
– Humans?
– Americans?
– Texans?
Where do cultures start?
• Cultural Hearth – where innovations, ideas,
materials and technology begin
How do cultures change and spread?
• Innovation
– creating something new to meet a need.
• Diffusion
– spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior
• Assimilation
– smaller society adopts the culture of a majority group
• Acculturation
– society accepts or adopts an innovation
• Transculturation (a term coined by Cuban anthropologist Fernando Ortiz in 1947)
-- : a process of cultural transformation marked by the influx of new
culture elements and the loss or alteration of existing ones
Why do they call it……………..?
•
Toponymy is the scientific study of place names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use
and typology.
– Examples:
Bolivia (South America): "Land of Bolivar" in New Latin, in honor of Simón
Bolívar, one of the leading generals in the Spanish
American wars of independence.
Burkina Faso (Africa): "Land of Honest Men", More burkina ("honest", "upright", or
"incorruptible men") and Dioula faso ("father's house")
Côte d'Ivoire (Africa): "Ivory Coast" in French, from its previous involvement in the
ivory trade.
For more go to: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_country-name_etymologies
• Columbian Exchange
– widespread exchange of the animals, plants, culture and
human populations including slaves, communicable
diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western
hemispheres
What culture did America adopt these
things from?
• Hot Dogs + Hamburgers
– German
• Chocolate
– Aztec
• Democratic Government
– Greek
• Halloween
– Celtic
• Number system
– Hindu-Arab
• Hockey
– Canadian
• Paper Money
– Chinese
Examples - How do cultures change and spread?
Cultural Diffusion – Real Life Example
• The blues originated in the “field hollars” of
southern slaves.
• The ancient African call-and-response pattern
is the core of the blues.
• Recordings of early artists from the 1920’s and
30’s reached Europe before World War II.
• Cultural Diffusion!
Blues Diffusion
Robert Johnson
• Traveling Riverside Blues
– Recorded in 1937
Led Zeppelin
• Traveling Riverside Blues
– Recorded in 1969
Blues Diffusion
Howlin’ Wolf
• Back Door Man
– 1961
The Doors
• Back Door Man
– 1967
What are the 9 Traits of Culture?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Language
History
Religion (beliefs / morals / mores)
Food and Shelter (Types / Styles)
Education Systems
Security/Protection
Relationships – Family and Others
Political and Social Organizations
Creative Expression - Recreation
1. Language
• Allows for communication to exist
• There are between 3,000 and 6,500 different languages spoken in the
world today!
• Helps establish cultural identities
• Can divide people
– Canada - French/English
• Oral tradition - Helps pass cultural traits along through generations
• Dialect
– different versions of the same basic language
– “You all” vs. “ya’ll” vs. “you guys”
• Language Diffusion
– Follow trade routes
– Blend from other languages
– Migration
2. History
• What do you know or want to know about your ancestors?
-
What part(s) of the world are they from?
What were they like?
What obstacles did they have to overcome?
What effect does your family history have on your current life?
• Ancestry is the descendancy of a person’s bloodlines.
• Genealogy is the research and analysis of ancestry.
• People worldwide engage in genealogy as hobbyists or professionals, often with the goal of determining their
ethnic origin, discovering the truth about a family legend, indulging a passion for history or for the purpose of
learning more about a family’s health history.
•
Read more: http://www.ehow.com/about_6696282_genealogy-vs_-ancestry.html#ixzz2h8w7GBk1
3. Religion
Major world religions
•
•
•
•
•
•
Christianity - 33%
Islam - 21%
Hinduism - 14%
Buddhism - 6%
Judaism - .2%
Others -25%
Morals - How we should act
(eg. Your conscience)
Mores - Customs and rules of conduct;
(eg. rules of the road)
What is religion?
•
The belief in a supernatural power or powers,
responsible for the creation and maintenance of the
universe
Types of Religions?
1. Monotheistic – belief in one god
2. Polytheistic – belief in many gods
3. Animistic or Traditional – belief in the forces of nature
4. Food and Shelter –
The places we live and the things we eat
5. Education
- How culture is taught or learned
Formal – Schools, Universities, Religion (church)
In-Formal – Family, Friends, Social Clubs / Groups
6. Security/Protection
• Military – National Govt.
• Police – Local Govt.
• Family - Tribe
7. Relationships – Family and Others
• Family
• Friends
• Classmates / Co-Workers
8. Political and social organization
• Government System
– Make rules and laws to
keep society in order
• Clubs
– Examples? Boys and
Girls, Boy Scouts, FFA,
Optimists,
• Fraternal organizations
– Kiwanis, University,
Veterans, Masonic etc.
9. Creative Expression - Recreation
• Music
– instruments, singing
• Art
– Paintings, sculpture,
photography
• Dance
• Theater
• Literature
– Novels, Poems
• Architecture
• Sports
• Outdoor activities
• Hobbies
•
How are cultural regions
organized?
Society
•
•
a group that shares a geographic region, a sense
of identity and a culture
Ethnic groups
- a specific group within a society that shares a
common language, customs, and heritage
•
•
Race (biological) refers to a person's physical
appearance, such as skin color, eye color, hair
color, bone/jaw structure etc.
Ethnicity (sociological) relates to cultural factors
such as nationality, culture, ancestry, language
and beliefs.
Your Family Culture
Create a graphic organizer (similar to the one below) using the 9 Traits of Culture and
list at least 2 examples from the 9 Traits of Culture using your family.
Language
Creative Expression –
Recreation
History
Religion – Beliefs
Morals and Mores
Political and Social
Organizations
9 Traits of Culture
Relationships –
Family Structure - Others
Security and Protection
Food and Shelter
Education –
Formal and Informal