Active Transport
B4d
Odd One Out
Iron
Potassium
Phosphorus
Magnesium
Nitrogen
Task
• Analyse the data on mineral content in natural
and artificial fertilisers.
• Complete worksheet B4d1 (Grade D/E)
• 5-10 minutes.
• What are the key minerals needed by plants?
• Why do they need them?
OBJECTIVES
Key Objective
• Describe the importance of mineral uptake for
healthy growth in plants and how it is down
• Describe the role of minerals in healthy plant
growth (D)
• Describe the signs of mineral deficiency in plants
(C)
• Describe the function of active transport (B)
• Explain why active transport is necessary (A)
• Explain why active transport needs energy (A*)
Minerals in Plants
Mineral
Nitrate ions (NO3)
Use
Building proteins and
growth
Phosphate ions (PO4) Respiration and growth
Potassium ions (K+)
Magnesium ions
(Mg2+)
Respiration and
photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Deficiency
symptoms
Explanation
All amino acids contain
Poor growth and yellow nitrogen. Amino acids
leaves
are the building blocks of
protein.
Poor root growth and
discoloured leaves
A component of DNA
molecules and cell
membranes
Poor flower and fruit
growth, discoloured
leaves
Must be present for
photosynthesis and
respiration enzymes to
work
Yellow leaves
Chlorophyll molecules
contain magnesium ions.
It's the magnesium that
makes chlorophyll green.
Task
• Split a double page spread in your book into 4
sections with the following headings in each:
– The minerals needed by plants (D)
– Signs of deficiency (C)
– What the plant uses them for (B)
• Fill each section – 15 minutes.
• Leave the 4th section for now – you will fill that
in later.
• How does the plant get these minerals?
Where from?
Active transport
• To movement of substances against a
concentration gradient and/or across a cell
membrane
• The process uses energy
Rate of active transport
Rate of active transport depends on
the rate of respiration
0
Rate of respiration
Why? Important in both plants &
animals
• PLANTS
– Allows the absorption of dilute minerals into the
plant against a concentration gradient
• ANIMALS
– Allows the absorption of glucose (essential for
respiration within nervous tissue) into the blood
from the kidneys and ileum against a
concentration gradient
• ............... and ............... depend on a
............... gradient in the right direction to
work. Substances are moved .............. a
gradient by ............... ............... which uses
............... produced by ...............
Osmosis
Respiration
Against
Active
Diffusion
Transport
Energy
Concentration
Questions
a) Explain how active transport works in a cell
b) Give some examples of a situations when a
substance cannot be moved into a cell by osmosis or
diffusion, and how active transport solves the
problem
c)
The processes of diffusion and osmosis do not need
energy to take place. Why does an organism have to
provide energy for active transport and where does it
come from?
d) Explain why cyanide is such an effective poison
DIFFUSION
OSMOSIS
Place these features in the
correct part of the Venn
Diagram
Involves water only
Requires energy
Is passive
Movement of particles
Needs a semi-permeable
membrane
High to low concentration
Against a concentration
gradient
Occurs in nature
How minerals get into root
hair cells
How oxygen leaves a leaf
How water keeps plant
cells turgid
Involves transport of
solutes
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
DIFFUSION
OSMOSIS
How oxygen
leaves a leaf
Involves water only
Is passive
High to low
concentration
Involves
transport of
solutes
How water
keeps plant
cells turgid
Movement
of particles
Occurs
in nature Needs a semi-
Requires energy
permeable
membrane
How minerals get
into root hair cells
Against a
concentration
gradient
ACTIVE TRANSPORT