Nombre ___________________________________________________________ Clase _____
Verbs/Commands
Pronouns Quick Reference Chart
Subject Pronouns- The subject of the sentence; can be a name(s) as the subject also; write the
words in Spanish for all sections:
-I
- (as)- we
(…y yo)
- you (inf)
- (as)- you all (inf) (…y tú)
- he
- they (boys, boys and girls)
- she
- they (girls)
- you (form)
- you all (form) (…y ud.)
Used: The subject of the sentence; can be a name(s) as the subject also; “y”
means “and” and is implying there is more than one person (so, use plural subject
pronouns to help you determine your verb conjugation)
Direct Object Pronouns- fill in in Spanish:
- (me)
-(us)
- (you, inf)
- (you all, inf)
- masculine, singular (it)
- masculine, plural (them)
- feminine, singular (it)
- feminine, plural (them)
Used: To replace the direct object noun; *It is NOT used as a
subject
for “it” or “them.”
Placement: 1. BEFORE a conjugated verb in a statement.
2. ATTACHED to an infinitive if 2 verbs are present
-present progressive, simple future, simple past, obligation, etc.
3. ATTACHED to an affirmative TÚ COMMAND
- adding an accent may be needed!
4. BEFORE a negative TÚ COMMAND- Between the “no” and the
command.
Indirect Object Pronouns- fill in in Spanish:
- to/for me
- to/for us
- to/for you (inf)
- to/for you all (inf)
- to/for him, her, you (form)
- to/for them, you all (form)
Used: In Spanish, they replace and accompany indirect object nouns. They answer
to whom/to what.
Placement: 1. BEFORE the conjugated verb in a statement (especially gusta(n)).
2. ATTACHED to an infinitive if 2 verbs are present
3. ATTACHED to an affirmative TÚ COMMAND
- adding an accent may be needed!
4. BEFORE a negative TÚ COMMAND- Between the “no” and the
command.
Reflexive Pronouns- fill in in Spanish:
-I
- we
- you (inf)
- you all (inf)
- he, she, you (form)
- they, you all (form)
Used: Must be used with reflexive verbs to indicate that the subject of the
sentence receives the action of the verb.
Placement: 1. BEFORE the conjugated verb (any tense) in a statement.
- verb will have “se” attached to the infinitive to indicate it’s a
reflexive verb.
2. ATTACHED to an infinitive if 2 verbs are present
3. ATTACHED to an affirmative TÚ COMMAND
- adding an accent may be needed!
- reflexive pronoun for AFFIRMATIVE TÚ commands will always be
TE
4. BEFORE a negative TÚ COMMAND- Between the “no” and the
command.
AFFIRMATIVE TÚ COMMANDS- 3rd person singular- fill in endings below
-AR endings:
-ER endings:
-____________
- ____________
Irregulars- write form in Spanish:
decirhacerirponersalirsertenervenir-
-IR endings:
- ___________
(to say, to tell)
(to do/to make)
(to go)
(to put)
(to go out, to leave)
(to be (perm) )
(to have)
(to come)
NEGATIVE TÚ COMMANDS- Find YO, drop O, add OPPOSITE tú- fill in endings below
-AR endings:
-ER endings:
-IR endings:
-_____________
-____________
-_____________
Irregulars: No…; write forms in Spanish:
dar(to give)
estar(to be (temp))
ir(to go)
ser(to be (perm) )
Write the endings/verb conjugations as needed
Present tense endings of Regular -AR Verbs:
-
-
-
-
Present tense endings of Regular -ER Verbs:
-
-
-
-
Irregular Preterit verbs- Yo only:
-car qué
-gar gué
-zar cé
Irregular Preterit verbs- Spelling Change to Y
OÍR:
LEER:
Present tense endings of Regular -IR Verbs:
-
-
-
-
CREER:
*These endings DO NOT apply to irregular
verbs
Preterit endings of Regular -AR Verbs:
-
-
-
-
Preterit endings of Regular -ER Verbs:
-
-
-
-
Preterit endings of Regular -IR Verbs:
-
-
-
-
Irregular Preterit verbs:
IR:
SER:
HACER:
DECIR:
TENER:
DAR (similar to “ver”):
ESTAR:
VENIR:
Present Progressive
Conjugation of ESTAR + Present Participle (ando, iendo)
Irregulars:
leer- leyendo
oír- oyendo
traer- trayendo
pedir- pidiendo
servir- sirviendo
decir- diciendo
dormir- durmiendo
venir- viniendo
Additional verb information:
Shoe verbs- present tense:
U-UE- jugar (al)
E-IE- cerrar, empezar, entender, merendar,
perder, preferir, querer, pensar
O-UE- almorzar, contar, costar, devolver,
dormir, encontrar, poder, recordar, volver,
mover
E-I- pedir, servir, repetir, seguir (sigo)
Irregular present tense verbs:
decir (yo go and e-i), salir (yo go), ir (v), ser,
estar, oír, tener, venir, hay (no conjugations),
gustar (a or an), hacer (yo), conocer (a) (yo),
saber (yo)
For a complete list of verbs, refer to book and
notes. When a verb is learned, each chapter has
a list of verbs that follow that pattern. Write
in your notebook as needed. Example: see pages
32, 49.
Compound verbs and phrases:
-Ir + a + infinitive- immediate/simple future
-Acabar + de + infinitive- immediate/simple past
-Tener + que + infinitive- obligation (specific)
-Hay + que + infinitive- obligation (non specific)
-Tener + ganas de + infinitve- to feel like doing…
-Tener + adj- feelings (hot, cold, tired, etc)
- Conjugated verb + infinitive (NEVER 2
conjugated verbs together!)