BAR 2009 Technician Update Training Course
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BAR 2009 Technician Update Training Course Smog Check Failure Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Smog Check Failure Diagnostic Module • Training Objectives –Relevance & Importance of Smog Check Failure Diagnostics –Diagnostic Skills –Critical Thinking Skills Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Relevance & Importance of Smog Check Failure Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV BAR Field Studies • Quality Assurance • Gold Shield • Clean Car Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Smog Check Program Evaluation • Program Evaluation – The ability of a vehicle to pass a smog inspection after certification – BAR Roadside • Smog Check Failure Rate is 40+% 6 months after “successful” smog check repairs – Based on Roadside Data Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV BAR Technician Training Surveys • Technicians • #1 Response – “What additional training do you feel would have benefited you in your job performance? “ Min 056mV Max – Additional Training in Stepby-Step Smog Check Failure Diagnostics 912mV Ave 446mV BAR Technician Training Surveys • Clean Air Car Course Instructors –57.1% responded that the time spent on emission-related diagnostic procedures should be significantly increased Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Laws & Regulations • Health & Safety Code (H&S) – 44016 • California Code of Regulations (CC&R) Min – 3340.41(d) – The specifications and procedures required by Section 44016 of the Health and Safety Code shall be the vehicle manufacturers recommended procedures for emission problem diagnosis and repair or the emission diagnosis and repair procedures found in industry-standard reference manuals and periodicals published by nationally recognized repair information providers. Smog check stations and smog check technicians shall, at a minimum, follow the applicable specifications and procedures when diagnosing defects or performing repairs forMax vehicles that fail a smog check test. 446mV 056mV 912mV Ave Fuel Costs • Most Smog Check failure repairs will positively influence a vehicle’s fuel economy, performance and durability Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Did You Know? • California’s current vehicle-dependent lifestyle has led to a dramatic increase in health risks – California has more registered cars than any other state – 95 percent of all Californians breathe in dangerous levels of smog on a regular basis – Every year, more people die from air qualityrelated health issues than car accidents Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Did You Know? • California’s current vehicle-dependent lifestyle has led to a dramatic increase in health risks – 50 percent of all California’s motor vehicle pollution is produced by only 10 - 15 percent of the state’s total number of cars driven – A poorly maintained or malfunctioning vehicle can release as much as 10 times the emissions of a well maintained vehicle Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Summary • BAR Field Studies + Smog Check Program Evaluations + Training Survey Responses + Laws & Regulations + Fuel Costs + Public Health = • Opportunities to Improve Smog Check Repair Effectiveness Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 2009 Update Training Diagnostic Module • Diagnostic Skills • Critical Thinking Skills –HC –CO –NOx –OBD II Min 056mV – Diagnostic Data – Cohesive/Effective Repair Strategy Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnosis Min 056mV HC Diagnosis Tools and Techniques (non-computer controlled vehicle) Check ignition timing (base and advance as applicable.) Timing light, magnetic timing, tachometer, base timing specifications and timing advance specifications (if available) Verify engine integrity (relative compression, engine vacuum, compression) Vacuum gauge / transducer diagnosis, relative compression / cylinder balance test, dry compression test Ignition system analysis (firing lines, spark lines duration & slope) Secondary, primary ignition system oscilloscope analysis. Look at spark lines for evidence of lean mixtures / poor flame propogation (NOx failures). Lean misfires (intake manifold leaks, defective vacuum hoses or actuators) Carburetor cleaner / propane, smoke machine, vacuum leak detector, lambda calculator, secondary ignition Poor fuel vaporization (plugged intake manifold cross-over, combustion chamber quench areas) Spark line diagnosis, cylinder balance test, digital pyrometer Air injection reaction (AIR) system (switching, operating pressure) AIR system operation description. Use 4/5 gas analyzer and look for O2 drop with AIR supply hose pinched off or disconnected Max 912mV Is the catalyst operating properly? Ave 446mV Manufacturer's test procedures, 4/5 gas analysis (high CO2, low O2), cranking CO2, snap O2, temperature gain, intrusive HC Diagnosis Tools and Techniques (computer controlled vehicle) (OBD I) HC Feedback Diagnosis (OBD I) Refer to "High HC Non-feedback" diagnostic flowchart Timing; mechanical, electrical lean air/fuel misfires, vaporization, AIR, catalyst DTC's? Scan tool, jumper wire, screwdriver, DTC pulling instructionis Yes Discern between hard and soft codes Pull codes, record codes in the order they are displayed, erase codes, operate vehicle, pull hard codes Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for hard codes Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information Test O2S with DSO Propane enrichment tool, DSO minimum voltage = 0 - 175mV maximum = 800 - 1000mV rate of change = < 100 mS (175mV - 800 mV) No O2S in good seviceable condition? Min 056mV Max Yes 912mV Map O2S signal with DSO No Upon repair of O2S circuit or replacement of sensor, re-test O2S Ave High frequency signal = misfire Signal biased below 450 mV = lean mixture Signal biased above 450 mV = rich mixture 446mV CO Diagnosis Min 056mV Tools and Techniques CO Diagnosis (non-computer controlled vehicle) Check air intake system for restrictions Plugged / dirty air filter, improper choke operation, plugged PCV system, improper TAC operation Check for unmetered fuel entering the engine Improper EVAP purge operation, saturated EVAP cannister, fuel contaminated engine oil (> 500 ppm HC after 5 minutes measured at the oil filler neck engine off) Check carburetor operation Float level, choke operation, main metering, power valve, idle circuit Check air injection system operation Use system description / operation to verify proper switching. Check operating pressure by pinching off supply hose and verifying O2 drop in tailpipe emissions Max 912mV Check catalyst(s) operation Ave After upstream repairs are complete, use manufacturer's procedures to test efficiency. Combinations of cranking CO 2, snap O2, HC efficiency, temperature gain are useful when manufacturer's procedures aren't available. 446mV CO Diagnosis Tools and Techniques (computer controlled vehicle) (OBD I) CO Feedback Diagnosis (OBD I) Refer to "High CO Non-Feedback" diagnostic flowchart Air intake restriction, unmetered fuel, carburetor, air injection, catalyst operation DTC's? Scan tool, jumper wire, screwdriver, DTC pulling instructions Yes Pull codes, record codes in the order they are displayed, erase codes, operate vehicle, pull hard codes (OBD I) Discern between hard and soft codes No Min 056mV Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for hard codes Scan tool, multimeter, DCO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information Review data stream (if available) or confirm related sensor/output performance. Test O2S with DSO. DMM, DSO, propane enrichment tool, break-out box Check for vehicle computer operation (is Max the fuel metering 912mV system capable of being artificially driven rich or lean, is the timing being controlled? Perform manufacturer's recommended system performance check) Ave 4/5 gas analyzer, timing light, sensor simulator 446mV NOx Diagnosis NOx Diagnosis Min 056mV Tools and Techniques Check ignition timing (base and advance as applicable.) Timing light, magnetic timing, tachometer, base timing specifications and timing advance specifications (if available) Check exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system (if equipped) Vacuum guage/pump, tachometer, scantool Check for lean air/fuel mixture Lambda calculator, gas analyzer, biased O2S pattern, fuel trim data, secondary ignition pattern Check for excessive coolant and/or intake air temperature Pyrometer, scantool, temperature probe, thermometer Check for excessive combustion chamber pressure Compression guage, borescope, TSBs Check for proper fuel octane rating Owner's manual, vehicle owner Max 912mV Check catalyst operation (vehicles equipped with a reduction catalyst only) Ave Manufacturer's test procedures, 4/5 gas analysis (high CO2, low O2), cranking CO2, snap O2, temperature gain, intrusive 446mV OBD II OBD II Diagnostics Tools and Techniques MIL illuminated? MIL functional test (KOEO bulb check) Yes No Min 056mV Pull DTC's and record freeze frame data Scan tool, paper & pencil. Do not erase DTC's unless instructed to do so by diagnostic / repair procedures Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for DTC's. Begin with the DTC refered to in freeze frame data Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information Review pending DTC's, monitor status, mode 6 and mode 5 data, fuel trim and misfire data Scan tool Perform a system performance check and/or a complete drive cycle as per manufacturer's instructions Manufacturer's or published diagnostic & repair information Check PCM for DTC's Max or matured), 912mV review (pending mode 6 and mode 5 data for failed test results Ave Scan tool 446mV HC Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnosis Min 056mV HC Diagnosis Tools and Techniques (non-computer controlled vehicle) Check ignition timing (base and advance as applicable.) Timing light, magnetic timing, tachometer, base timing specifications and timing advance specifications (if available) Verify engine integrity (relative compression, engine vacuum, compression) Vacuum gauge / transducer diagnosis, relative compression / cylinder balance test, dry compression test Ignition system analysis (firing lines, spark lines duration & slope) Secondary, primary ignition system oscilloscope analysis. Look at spark lines for evidence of lean mixtures / poor flame propogation (NOx failures). Lean misfires (intake manifold leaks, defective vacuum hoses or actuators) Carburetor cleaner / propane, smoke machine, vacuum leak detector, lambda calculator, secondary ignition Poor fuel vaporization (plugged intake manifold cross-over, combustion chamber quench areas) Spark line diagnosis, cylinder balance test, digital pyrometer Air injection reaction (AIR) system (switching, operating pressure) AIR system operation description. Use 4/5 gas analyzer and look for O2 drop with AIR supply hose pinched off or disconnected Max 912mV Is the catalyst operating properly? Ave 446mV Manufacturer's test procedures, 4/5 gas analysis (high CO2, low O2), cranking CO2, snap O2, temperature gain, intrusive HC Diagnostics Timing light, magnetic timing, tachometer, base timing specifications and timing advance specifications (if available) Check ignition timing (base and advance as applicable.) • Base & Timing Advance – Where applicable • Timing Light, Magnetic Timing Device, Tachometer, Timing Procedures & Specifications Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Verify engine integrity (relative compression, engine vacuum, compression) Vacuum gauge / transducer diagnosis, relative compression / cylinder balance test, dry compression test • Vacuum Gauge / Vacuum Waveform • Relative Compression Test – Cylinder Balance – Cranking Tests • Compression Tests Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vacuum Gauge Showing 18” @ Idle Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Ignition system analysis (firing lines, spark lines duration & slope) Secondary, primary ignition system oscilloscope analysis. Look at spark lines for evidence of lean mixtures / poor flame propogation (NOx failures). • Secondary/Primary Ignition Waveform Analysis Min – Firing Line Amplitude – Firing Line – Spark Line Junction – Spark Line Duration & Slope – Coil / Condenser Oscillations 056mV Max 912mV – Ignition Switching Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Ignition system analysis (firing lines, spark lines duration & slope) Secondary, primary ignition system oscilloscope analysis. Look at spark lines for evidence of lean mixtures / poor flame propogation (NOx failures). • Secondary/Primary Ignition Waveform Analysis Min – Firing Line Amplitude – Firing Line – Spark Line Junction – Spark Line Duration & Slope – Coil / Condenser Oscillations 056mV Max 912mV – Ignition Switching Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Lean misfires (intake manifold leaks, defective vacuum hoses or actuators) • • • • • Min Carburetor cleaner / propane, smoke machine, vacuum leak detector, lambda calculator, secondary ignition Visual Inspection Vacuum Leak Detection Smoke Machine Lambda Calculator Secondary Ignition Analysis 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Lean Misfire Lambda Calculator Video Clip Click Calculate to Start Demo Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Poor fuel vaporization (plugged intake manifold cross-over, combustion chamber quench areas) Spark line diagnosis, cylinder balance test, digital pyrometer • Liquid Fuel Does Not Burn, Only Vaporized Fuel Burns Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Air injection reaction (AIR) system (switching, operating pressure) AIR system operation description. Use 4/5 gas analyzer and look for O2 drop with AIR supply hose pinched off or disconnected • AIR Operation Description & Routing Diagram • AIR Operating Pressure • 4/5 Gas Analyzer Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics Is the catalyst operating properly? Manufacturer's test procedures, 4/5 gas analysis (high CO 2, low O 2), cranking CO 2, snap O 2, temperature gain,intrusive • Catalyst Operation & Efficiency is Dependent Upon Upstream Operation Under All Driving Conditions Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnosis Tools and Techniques (computer controlled vehicle) (OBD I) HC Feedback Diagnosis (OBD I) Refer to "High HC Non-feedback" diagnostic flowchart Timing; mechanical, electrical lean air/fuel misfires, vaporization, AIR, catalyst DTC's? Scan tool, jumper wire, screwdriver, DTC pulling instructionis Yes Discern between hard and soft codes Pull codes, record codes in the order they are displayed, erase codes, operate vehicle, pull hard codes Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for hard codes Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information Test O2S with DSO Propane enrichment tool, DSO minimum voltage = 0 - 175mV maximum = 800 - 1000mV rate of change = < 100 mS (175mV - 800 mV) No O2S in good seviceable condition? Min 056mV Max Yes 912mV Map O2S signal with DSO No Upon repair of O2S circuit or replacement of sensor, re-test O2S Ave High frequency signal = misfire Signal biased below 450 mV = lean mixture Signal biased above 450 mV = rich mixture 446mV HC Diagnostics OBD I Refer to "High HC Non-feedback" diagnostic flowchart Timing; mechanical, electrical lean air/ fuel misfires, vaporization, AIR, catalyst • HC Feedback Diagnosis Builds On To HC Non-Feedback Diagnosis • Includes DTCs & O2S Performance and Signature Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics OBD I Scan tool, jumper wire, screwdriver, DTC pulling instructionis DTC's? Yes Min Discern between hard and soft codes Pull codes, record codes in the order they are displayed, erase codes, operate vehicle, pull hard codes Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for hard codes Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics OBD I Test O2S with DSO Propane enrichment tool, DSO minimum voltage = 0 - 175mV maximum = 800 - 1000mV rate of change = < 100 mS (175mV - 800 mV) • Oxygen Sensor Test – Light Off O2S – Artificially Manipulate Full Rich (propane) – Artificially Manipulate Full Lean – Snap Throttle Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics OBD I Test O2S with DSO Propane enrichment tool, DSO minimum voltage = 0 - 175mV maximum = 800 - 1000mV rate of change = < 100 mS (175mV - 800 mV) • Passing Results – Minimum Voltage (Artificially Full Lean) • 0V – 175mV – Maximum Voltage (Artificially Full Rich) • 800mV – 1V – Rise Time (Snap Throttle) Min 056mV • < / = 100mS (from Max 175mV 912mV – 800mV) Ave 446mV Normal O2 Pattern Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Propane Enriched Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Enrichment Discontinued Min 056mV Max 912mV Snap Throttle Ave 446mV Artificial Enrichment & Throttle Snap RPM O2S STFT IPW TPS MAF Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Time Measurement Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 1.67s Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Max to Min Voltage Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Rise Time .175-.8v Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Start cursor higher than .175v Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Drop down to .175v Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Start below .800V Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Increase to 800mv Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Being off just a little can affect your results Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Error factor exists due to the 5ms “steps” of the cursors as they move (+/- 4ms each) final reading could vary by 8ms total Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Some DSO’s have grid divisions called Graticules 8 graticules VOLTAGE Graticule 10 graticules TIME Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 200mv per graticule Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 500ms per graticule Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 200mv X 500ms graticule Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV This graticule is divided into 4 X 5 segments Each division =100ms Each division = 50mV Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Measuring O2 voltage and rise time using cursors set lower cursor at 175mV = 50mV Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV = 800 mV = 175mV = 50mV Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV = 800 mV = 175mV Fail! Set time cursors to measure rise time Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV HC Diagnostics • HC Case Scenario • Instructor Lead Demonstration – Engine Integrity Verification – Misfire Diagnosis • Lab Exercises – Vehicle Information Datasheet Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Case Scenario 1995 Plymouth Neon HC Failure Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’95 Neon HC Failure ASM 2525 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC CO 88 0.05 HC 59 233 13 CO2 NO 14.5 6 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.55 774 2.05 1,770 0.05 Max 912mV 136 O2 0.5 RPM 1988 O2 Ave 446mV ’95 Neon HC Failure • Failed for HC at 25/25 • Technician Tested HO2S – minimum voltage – maximum voltage – rise time 104mV 910mV 68mS • Technician Tested Catalyst – CO2 Cranking Test • HC Min • CO2 056mV 9327 ppm 10.5Max% 912mV Ave 446mV ’95 Neon HC Failure • Based on this diagnostic information, the technician recommended replacing the catalyst to resolve the HC failure. • What diagnostic steps could have been performed to more thoroughly address the HC failure? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ No Vacuum SENSORS___ Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Pass Fail Monitor Status: Fuel CAP: Pass Fail Pass Fail MIL Command: Pass Fail Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective CO Standards: Min 056mV Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms Pass Fail Is system in fuel control? Yes No artificial O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Case Scenario 1991 Honda CRX HC Failure Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • 1991 Honda CRX • 4 cylinder, 1.6L engine • Failed Smog Check for high HC at 50/15 – Functional tests – PASS – Visual tests – PASS • PCV, EVAP, CAT, SPK, FI, HO2S Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure ASM 5015 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 167 HC 134 308 31 CO 0.40 CO2 NO 14.44 746 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.82 847 2.32 2,070 0.10Max 237 912mV O2 0.10 RPM 1827 O2 Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • Diagnostics Performed: • Technician Tested Engine Integrity – Cylinder balance - #4 showed low contribution – Leakage test - #4 excessive leakage exhaust • DTC’s - none • TSB’s – State I/M failure due to improper warm-up procedures – not applicable in this case Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • Continued • Technician Tested HO2S – minimum voltage200mV – maximum voltage 810mV – rise time 371mS Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • Based on this diagnostic information, the technician recommended adjusting the valves and replacing the HO2S. • Repairs were authorized and performed. Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • The after-repairs inspection showed the following emissions readings: Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • The after-repairs inspection showed the following emissions readings: Result HC CO CO2 NO O2 PASS 95 0.15 15.00 844 0.10 Standards ASM 5015 Fail GP Min AVG056mV HC 134 308 31 CO CO2 0.82 2.32 0.10Max 912mV NO 847 2,070 237 RPM 1857 O2 Ave 446mV ’91 CRX HC Failure • What diagnostic steps could have been performed to more thoroughly address the HC failure? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ No Vacuum SENSORS___ Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Pass Fail Monitor Status: Fuel CAP: Pass Fail Pass Fail MIL Command: Pass Fail Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective CO Standards: Min 056mV Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms Pass Fail Is system in fuel control? Yes No artificial O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnosis Min 056mV Tools and Techniques CO Diagnosis (non-computer controlled vehicle) Check air intake system for restrictions Plugged / dirty air filter, improper choke operation, plugged PCV system, improper TAC operation Check for unmetered fuel entering the engine Improper EVAP purge operation, saturated EVAP cannister, fuel contaminated engine oil (> 500 ppm HC after 5 minutes measured at the oil filler neck engine off) Check carburetor operation Float level, choke operation, main metering, power valve, idle circuit Check air injection system operation Use system description / operation to verify proper switching. Check operating pressure by pinching off supply hose and verifying O2 drop in tailpipe emissions Max 912mV Check catalyst(s) operation Ave After upstream repairs are complete, use manufacturer's procedures to test efficiency. Combinations of cranking CO 2, snap O2, HC efficiency, temperature gain are useful when manufacturer's procedures aren't available. 446mV CO Diagnostics Check air intake system for restrictions Min 056mV Plugged / dirty air filter, improper choke operation, plugged PCV system, improper TAC operation Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Check for unmetered fuel entering the engine • EVAP Improper EVAP purge operation, saturated EVAP cannister, fuel contaminated engine oil (> 500 ppm HC after 5 minutes measured at the oil filler neck engine off) • Crankcase – Saturated Canister – Improper Purge Valve Operation Min 056mV Max 912mV – Improper PCV Valve Operation – Engine Oil Contaminated With Fuel Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Check carburetor operation • • • • • Min Float level, choke operation, main metering, power valve, idle circuit Float Level Choke Operation Main Metering Power Valve Idle Circuit 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Check air injection system operation Use system description / operation to verify proper switching. Check operating pressure by pinching off supply hose and verifying O2 drop in tailpipe emissions After upstream repairs are complete, use manufacturer's procedures to test efficiency. Combinations of cranking CO2, snap O2, HC efficiency, temperature gain are useful when manufacturer's procedures aren't available. Check catalyst(s) operation • Same As HC Diagnosis Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnosis Tools and Techniques (computer controlled vehicle) (OBD I) CO Feedback Diagnosis (OBD I) Refer to "High CO Non-Feedback" diagnostic flowchart Air intake restriction, unmetered fuel, carburetor, air injection, catalyst operation DTC's? Scan tool, jumper wire, screwdriver, DTC pulling instructions Yes Pull codes, record codes in the order they are displayed, erase codes, operate vehicle, pull hard codes (OBD I) Discern between hard and soft codes No Min 056mV Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for hard codes Scan tool, multimeter, DCO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information Review data stream (if available) or confirm related sensor/output performance. Test O2S with DSO. DMM, DSO, propane enrichment tool, break-out box Check for vehicle computer operation (is Max the fuel metering 912mV system capable of being artificially driven rich or lean, is the timing being controlled? Perform manufacturer's recommended system performance check) Ave 4/5 gas analyzer, timing light, sensor simulator 446mV CO Diagnostics Air intake restriction, unmetered fuel, carburetor, air injection, catalyst operation Refer to "High CO NonFeedback" diagnostic flowchart • CO Feedback Diagnosis Builds On To CO Non-Feedback Diagnosis • Includes DTCs & O2S Performance and Signature Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Scan tool, jumper wire, screwdriver, DTC pulling instructions DTC's? Yes Min Discern between hard and soft codes Pull codes, record codes in the order they are displayed, erase codes, operate vehicle, pull hard codes Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for hard codes Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Propane enrichment tool, DSO minimum voltage = 0 - 175mV maximum = 800 - 1000mV rate of change = < 100 mS (175mV - 800 mV) Test O2S with DSO • Oxygen Sensor Test – Light Off O2S – Artificially Manipulate Full Rich (propane) – Artificially Manipulate Full Lean – Snap Throttle Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Test O2S with DSO Propane enrichment tool, DSO minimum voltage = 0 - 175mV maximum = 800 - 1000mV rate of change = < 100 mS (175mV - 800 mV) • Passing Results – Minimum Voltage (Artificially Full Lean) • 0V – 175mV – Maximum Voltage (Artificially Full Rich) • 800mV – 1V – Rise Time (Snap Throttle) Min 056mV • < / = 100mS (from Max 175mV 912mV – 800mV) Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics Check for vehicle computer operation (is the fuel metering system capable of being artificially driven rich or lean, is the timing being controlled? Perform manufacturer's recommended system performance check) Min 4/5 gas analyzer, timing light, sensor simulator • Feedback Systems Default to Rich When They Become Non-responsive (limp home mode) • Check for the PCM’s Ability to Drive the System Rich or Lean Based on an Opposing Signal • Check for the PCM’s Ability to Control Ignition Timing 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ SENSORS___ No Vacuum Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Pass Fail Monitor Status: Fuel CAP: Pass Fail Pass Fail MIL Command: Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective CO Standards: Min 056mV Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms Pass Fail Is system in fuel control? Yes No O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to artificial If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV CO Diagnostics • CO Case Scenario • Instructor Lead Demonstration – Intake Air Restrictions – Un-metered Fuel – Fuel Metering – O2S Mapping/Average • Lab Exercises – Vehicle Information Datasheet Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 1991 Acura Integra CO Failure Case Scenario Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure • Failed Smog Check Inspection for: – Excessive CO 50/15 • Passed Visual and Functional • Tailpipe Readings... Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure ASM 5015 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 121 HC 121 296 31 CO 0.99 CO2 NO 14.6 771 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.76 807 2.26 2,014 0.10Max 237 912mV O2 0 RPM 1988 O2 Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure • Diagnostic tests performed... – HO2S waveform monitored and found to vary from 100mV to 900mV – Closed loop verified – Catalyst outlet temperature less than inlet temperature – Needs catalyst Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure • Repairs authorized and performed – Catalyst replaced Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure • The vehicle passed and after-repairs Smog Check inspection – The final readings are as follows: Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure ASM 5015 Result Pass Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 87 HC 121 296 31 CO 0.3 CO2 NO 15.2 515 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.76 807 2.26 2,014 0.10Max 237 912mV O2 0 RPM 1973 O2 Ave 446mV ’91 Integra CO Failure • The vehicle passed and after-repairs Smog Check inspection • What diagnostic steps could have been performed to more thoroughly address the failure? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ SENSORS___ No Vacuum Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Pass Fail Monitor Status: Fuel CAP: Pass Fail Pass Fail MIL Command: Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective CO Standards: Min 056mV Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms Pass Fail Is system in fuel control? Yes No O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to artificial If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Case Scenario 1989 Dodge B-150 CO/HC Failure Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure • 1989 B-150, 6 cylinder, 3.9 L engine • Tailpipe – Failed Smog Check for high CO/HC at both 50/15 and 25/25 modes • Functional – Failed fuel cap • Visual tests – Failed missing AIR pump belt (pump frozen) Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure ASM 5015 Result GP Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 633 HC 124 311 34 CO CO2 NO 10.78 7.1 21 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.75 1,020 2.05 1,807 0.11Max 260 912mV O2 0.0 RPM 1395 O2 Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure ASM 2525 Result GP Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 724 HC 104 261 23 CO CO2 NO 10.81 7.1 30 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.95 880 2.25 1,607 0.10Max 217 912mV O2 0.0 RPM 1384 O2 Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure • Diagnostics Performed: – EGR – excessive flow off idle. Bad EGR transducer. Affecting engine vacuum. – HO2S – fixed at 100mV both at forced rich and lean. PCM responds to artificial signal – MAP and ECT sensor circuits OK – Needs AIR pump and belt – Needs fuel cap Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure • Based on this diagnostic information, the technician recommended: – Replacing fuel cap; AIR pump and belt; EGR vacuum transducer; and HO2S • Repairs were authorized and performed. Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure • The after-repairs inspection showed the following emissions readings: Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure • The after-repairs inspection showed the following emissions readings: Result HC CO CO2 NO O2 PASS 70 0.52 13.3 433 2.2 Standards ASM 5015 Fail GP Min AVG056mV HC 124 311 34 CO CO2 0.75 2.05 0.11Max 912mV NO 1,020 1,807 260 RPM 1455 O2 Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure • The after-repairs inspection showed the following emissions readings: Result HC CO CO2 NO O2 PASS 53 0.66 13.2 314 2.3 Standards ASM 2525 Fail GP Min AVG056mV HC 104 261 23 CO CO2 0.95 2.25 0.10Max 912mV NO 880 1,607 217 RPM 1444 O2 Ave 446mV ’89 B-150 CO/HC Failure What diagnostic steps could have been performed to more thoroughly address the CO/HC failure? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ SENSORS___ No Vacuum Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Pass Fail Monitor Status: Fuel CAP: Pass Fail Pass Fail MIL Command: Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective CO Standards: Min 056mV Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms Pass Fail Is system in fuel control? Yes No O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to artificial If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Hand out Homework Assignment End of Night One Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnosis NOx Diagnosis Min 056mV Tools and Techniques Check ignition timing (base and advance as applicable.) Timing light, magnetic timing, tachometer, base timing specifications and timing advance specifications (if available) Check exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system (if equipped) Vacuum guage/pump, tachometer, scantool Check for lean air/fuel mixture Lambda calculator, gas analyzer, biased O2S pattern, fuel trim data, secondary ignition pattern Check for excessive coolant and/or intake air temperature Pyrometer, scantool, temperature probe, thermometer Check for excessive combustion chamber pressure Compression guage, borescope, TSBs Check for proper fuel octane rating Owner's manual, vehicle owner Max 912mV Check catalyst operation (vehicles equipped with a reduction catalyst only) Ave Manufacturer's test procedures, 4/5 gas analysis (high CO2, low O2), cranking CO2, snap O2, temperature gain, intrusive 446mV NOx FAILURES • • • • • • • Min Timing EGR A/F Ratio Temperature Pressure Fuel Catalyst 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Timing light, magnetic timing, tachometer, base timing specifications and timing advance specifications (if available) Check ignition timing (base and advance as applicable.) • Base & Timing Advance – Where applicable • Timing Light, Magnetic Timing Device, Tachometer, Timing Procedures & Specifications Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV IGNITION TIMING • Pressure = Heat • Two High Pressure Events –Compression –Combustion Min • Separate The Two Events With Time 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Intake valve closes Beginning of compression stroke Min 056mV Base Ignition Timing 10° btdc Over advanced base timing (15° btdc) Max pressure - temperature Bottom Dead Center - Power TDC Compression Max pressure – combustion (16° - 21° atdc) Max 912mV Ave 446mV TIMING FAILURES • Incorrect Base Timing • Incorrect Advance Curves –Mechanical / Vacuum –Modules • Timing Controls Min –Knock Sensors 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Check exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system (if equipped) Vacuum gauge/pump, tachometer, scantool • Vacuum Control & Supply • Intake & Exhaust Passages • Valve Performance Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV EGR SYSTEM OPERATION • EGR Reduces Combustion Chamber Temps • Reducing Amount of Air Fuel Charge • Valve Timing? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV EGR DEFECTS • Restricted or Blocked Passageways • Vacuum Supply • PCM Control Malfunction Min 056mV Max • Mechanical Malfunction • Back Pressure Transducer Malfunction • Insufficient Exhaust Back Pressure 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Lambda calculator, gas analyzer, biased O2S pattern, fuel trim data, secondary ignition pattern Check for lean air/fuel mixture • • • • • Min Lambda Calculator Gas Analyzer Biased O2S Pattern Fuel Trim Data Secondary Ignition Waveform Analysis 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV AIR FUEL RATIO Stoichiometric Chart Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV STOICHIOMETRIC CHART NOx CO2 CO O2 HC Min 056mV RICH Max 10:1 912mV 14.7:1 Ave 20:1 446mV LEAN Case Study • • • • Min 056mV September 1993 Mazda Protege 1.8L, Manual Trans, No EGR Failed Smog Check for Timing (FA99), HC & GP NOx Max 912mV Ave 446mV Initial Failing Inspection (GP) ASM 5015 Result GP Min Fail GP 056mV AVG HC CO CO2 NO O2 247 0.49 13.8 2000 1.2 Standards HC 92 281 21 CO 0.55 2.05 Max 0.06 CO2 912mV NO 716 1,961 150 RPM 1624 O2 Ave 446mV NOx Case Scenario Lambda Calculator Movie Clip Click Calculate to Start Demo Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Case Study (not in handouts) • • • • Min 056mV November 1993 Mazda Protege 1.8L, Manual Trans, No EGR Failed its Pre-repair Baseline Inspection at a CAP station for for Timing (FB48), HC & NOx Max 912mV Ave 446mV Pre-repair Baseline (GS) ASM 5015 Result Fail Min Fail GP 056mV AVG HC CO CO2 NO O2 186 0.43 16 1095 1 Standards HC 92 281 21 CO CO2 NO 0.55 716 2.05 1,961 Max 912mV 0.06 150 RPM 1683 O2 Ave 446mV NOx Case Scenario Lambda Calculator Movie Clip Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Case Study • • • • Min 056mV December 1993 Mazda Protege 1.8L, Manual Trans, No EGR Passed & Certified Max 912mV Ave 446mV Post Repair Certification ASM 5015 Result Pass Min Fail GP 056mV AVG HC CO CO2 NO O2 RPM 74 0.21 15.5 308 0.08 1590 Standards HC 92 281 21 CO 0.55 2.05 Max 0.06 CO2 912mV NO 716 1,961 150 O2 Ave 446mV NOx Case Scenario Lambda Calculator Movie Clip Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV CAUSES OF LEAN MIXTURES • Restricted Fuel Flow • Fuel Injector Spray Pattern • Plugged Injector • O2 Sensor Defect • Low Fuel Pressures Min 056mV Max • MAF Sensor Malfunction • MAP Sensor Malfunction • TPS Sensor Malfunction • PCM Malfunction 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Check for excessive coolant and/or intake air temperature • Cooling System Operation • Intake Air Operation Min 056mV Max Pyrometer, scantool, temperature probe, thermometer • Infra-red Digital Pyrometer • Temperature Probe • Thermometer • Scan-tool PIDs 912mV Ave 446mV COOLING SYSTEM • NOx Caused By Heat • Engine Temperature is Regulated by Cooling System Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV COOLING SYSTEM DEFECTS • Thermostat not Functioning Properly • Coolant Flow Through Radiator Restricted • Low Coolant Level Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV EARLY FUEL EVAPORATION • Liquid Fuel Does Not Burn • Assists Vaporization During Cold Engine Operation • If EFE Not Disabled After Engine Is Warm – Superheats Manifold and Air Fuel Charge • Check – TVS, Temp Sensors, Linkage Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Check for excessive combustion chamber pressure Compression gauge, borescope, TSBs • Excessive Pressure Due to Carbon Build-up • Unmanaged Ignition Source (timing) • Compression gauge, borescope, TSB’s Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Check for proper fuel octane rating • • • • Min Owner's manual, vehicle owner Octane Rates Speed of Burn High Octane Fuels Burn Slower Low Octane Fuels Burn Faster Consult Owner’s Manual 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics Manufacturer's test procedures, 4/ 5 gas analysis (high CO2, low O2), cranking CO2, snap O2, temperature gain, intrusive Check catalyst operation (vehicles equipped with a reduction catalyst only) • • • • • Min Exhaust Leaks Upstream From Catalyst Sufficient CO (not excessively lean) Physical Damage Efficiency Tests Applies Only To Vehicles Equipped With A Reduction Catalyst! 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV NOx Diagnostics • NOx Case Scenario • Instructor Lead Demonstration – Ignition Timing Advance – Lambda Calculator • Lab Exercises – Vehicle Information Datasheet Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV 1984 Volvo 240 DL NOx Failure Case Scenario Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure • • • • Min 2.3L 4 cylinder engine PCV, TAC, EVAP, CAT, FI, & HO2S Failed 50/15 and 25/25 for NOx Passed functional and visual inspections 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure ASM 5015 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 85 HC 135 311 41 CO 0.04 CO2 NO 14.6 1712 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.83 1,136 2.33 2,153 0.13Max 399 912mV O2 0.5 RPM 1712 O2 Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure ASM 25/25 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 65 HC 110 261 29 CO 0.02 CO2 NO 14.4 2732 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.63 966 2.13 1,953 0.11Max 332 912mV O2 0.7 RPM 1754 O2 Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure • Diagnostic Tests Performed... – HO2S • Signal fixed at 540 mV Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • Repairs Authorized and Performed... – Replace HO2S Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • The vehicle passed and after-repairs Smog Check inspection – The final readings are as follows: Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure ASM 5015 Result Pass Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 132 HC 135 311 41 CO 0.27 CO2 NO 14.6 1102 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.83 1,136 2.33 2,153 0.13Max 399 912mV O2 0.5 RPM 1723 O2 Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure ASM 25/25 Result Pass Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 57 HC 110 261 29 CO 0.04 CO2 NO 14.8 662 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.63 966 2.13 1,953 0.11Max 332 912mV O2 0.1 RPM 1762 O2 Ave 446mV ’84 240 DL NOx Failure • What diagnostic steps could have been performed to more thoroughly address the failure? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ No Vacuum SENSORS___ Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Pass Fail Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Monitor Status: Pass Fail Fuel CAP: Pass Fail MIL Command: Pass Fail Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms CO Standards: Pass Fail Min 056mV Is system in fuel control? Yes No artificial O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV 1992 Honda Accord NOx Failure Case Scenario Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • • • • Min 2.2L 4 cylinder engine PCV, EVAP, EGR, CAT, SPK, FI, & HO2S Failed 50/15 and 25/25 for NOx Passed functional and visual inspections 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure ASM 5015 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 65 HC 116 291 31 CO 0.25 CO2 NO 14.4 1220 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.74 791 2.24 1,992 0.10Max 237 912mV O2 0.3 RPM 1836 O2 Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure ASM 25/25 Result Fail Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 98 HC 91 241 20 CO 0.22 CO2 NO 14.4 1186 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.62 730 2.12 1,792 0.09Max 199 912mV O2 0.2 RPM 1907 O2 Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • Diagnostic Tests Performed... – Catalyst – failed cranking CO2 test – EGR – vacuum signal, passages, valve operation – Good – Ignition timing – at specifications – Lambda – within specifications 50/15 and 25/25 Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • Repairs Authorized and Performed... – Replace catalytic converter Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • The vehicle passed an after-repairs Smog Check inspection – The final readings are as follows: Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure ASM 5015 Result Pass Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 37 HC 116 291 31 CO 0.11 CO2 NO 15.2 791 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.74 791 2.24 1,992 0.10Max 237 912mV O2 0.2 RPM 1828 O2 Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure ASM 25/25 Result Pass Min Fail GP AVG056mV HC 10 HC 91 241 20 CO 0.04 CO2 NO 15.2 613 Standards CO CO2 NO 0.62 730 2.12 1,792 0.09Max 199 912mV O2 0 RPM 2531 O2 Ave 446mV ’92 Accord NOx Failure • What diagnostic steps could have been performed to more thoroughly address the failure? Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV Vehicle Information Data Sheet Vehicle Make: Model: License #: # of Cylinders: Engine Size: Year: VIN #: Mileage: Date: RO #: Pre-repair Baseline Emissions Results 50/15 25/25 Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Cut-points HC Measured HC Cut-points CO Measured CO Cut-points NOx Measured NOx Lambda Calculator:__________________________________________________________________________ Visual/Functional Inspection Use: P = Pass PCV___ TAC___ Functional Test EGR: M = Modified S = Missing EVAP___ AIS___ Idle Speed:_____ Pass Fail D = Disconnected EGR___ SPK___ F = Defective CAT___ RPM Ignition Timing:_____ Cause (if fail): Defective EGR N = Non-Applicable COMP___ Spec:_____ No Vacuum SENSORS___ Pass Fail Clogged Passages How many inches of vacuum required to open EGR? _____ Hg. OBD II: Communications: Pass Fail Visible Fuel Leaks: Pass Fail Monitor Status: Pass Fail Fuel CAP: Pass Fail MIL Command: Pass Fail Low pressure fuel evaporative test: Pass Fail Computer Operation Computer Code Stored? Yes No If yes, are codes: Hard Soft Are codes emission related? Yes No Record Codes:___________ Define Codes:__________ __________ __________ Record results of diagnosis:_____________________________________________________________ Oxygen Sensor: Good Defective Low Voltage:____mV High Voltage:____mV Rise Time:____ms CO Standards: Pass Fail Min 056mV Is system in fuel control? Yes No artificial O2 input? Yes No If no, is O2 biased? Rich Lean Max 912mV Will the computer respond to If no, why?______________________________________________ Air Injection Is AIS functioning correctly? Yes No If no, why? ____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV Visual Inspection of the Engine Performance Systems Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ HC Diagnosis Misfires: Engine: Yes No Ignition: Yes No Air/Fuel: Yes No Notes:____________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ CO Diagnosis Average O2S Voltage:_________________ Fuel Trim Data:___________________________ Air filter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Fuel Pressure: Specifications:___________________ Measured:_________________________________ Saturated EVAP control canister?: Yes No Engine oil contaminated with fuel?: Yes No Carburetor Operation: idle air/fuel adjustment_______ choke adjustment_______ float level_______ power valve operation_______ NOx Diagnosis Ignition Timing Advance: Specifications: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Measured: Centrifugal:__________ Vacuum:__________ Coolant Temperature:__________ Air Intake Temperature: TAC_________ EFE__________ Is engine compression excessive?: Yes No Is fuel octane correct?: Yes No Catalytic Converter Efficiency Diagnosis Is catalytic converter in good serviceable condition?: Yes No Describe testing method(s) used:_____________________________________________________________ Min 056mV Diagnostic Summary: Max 912mV __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Ave 446mV OBD II Diagnostics Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV OBD II OBD II Diagnostics Tools and Techniques MIL illuminated? MIL functional test (KOEO bulb check) Yes No Min 056mV Pull DTC's and record freeze frame data Scan tool, paper & pencil. Do not erase DTC's unless instructed to do so by diagnostic / repair procedures Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for DTC's. Begin with the DTC refered to in freeze frame data Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information Review pending DTC's, monitor status, mode 6 and mode 5 data, fuel trim and misfire data Scan tool Perform a system performance check and/or a complete drive cycle as per manufacturer's instructions Manufacturer's or published diagnostic & repair information Check PCM for DTC's Max or matured), 912mV review (pending mode 6 and mode 5 data for failed test results Ave Scan tool 446mV OBD II Diagnostics MIL functional test (KOEO bulb check) MIL illuminated? Yes Scan tool, paper & pencil. Do not erase DTC's unless instructed to do so by diagnostic / repair procedures Pull DTC's and record freeze frame data Follow manufacturer's or published diagnostic / repair procedures for DTC's. Begin with the DTC refered to in freeze frame data Min 056mV Max Scan tool, multimeter, DSO, DTC diagnostic flowcharts, diagnostic & repair information 912mV Ave 446mV OBD II Diagnostics Review pending DTC's, monitor status, mode 6 and mode 5 data, fuel trim and misfire data Scan tool • No MIL – No DTC Diagnosis... – Check Pending DTC’s; Mode 6 and Mode 5 Data; Fuel Trim; and Misfire Data Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV OBD II Diagnostics Perform a system performance check and/or a complete drive cycle as per manufacturer's instructions Manufacturer's or published diagnostic & repair information Check PCM for DTC's (pending or matured), review mode 6 and mode 5 data for failed test results Scan tool • Manufacturer’s System Performance Check • Comprehensive Drive Cycle Min – Re-check DTC’s,MaxMode912mV 6/5 Data 056mV Ave 446mV Critical Thinking Skills Analysis of Diagnostic Data Min • Compare & Contrast • What Works? What Doesn’t? • What Doesn’t Fit? 056mV Max • What’s Missing? • What Does the Data Say? • What Does It All Mean? 912mV Ave 446mV We will be using these Critical Thinking Skills along with the datasheets on the 3 Case Scenarios during the lab session Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV The End Min 056mV Max 912mV Ave 446mV SMOG CHECK TECHNICIAN’S GUIDE TO USING THE INTERNET By Wayne Brumett USING THE INTERNET In recent years, legislation was passed requiring all vehicle manufacturers (mfgs.) to provide aftermarket repair technicians and shops with all the information needed to diagnose and repair their vehicles. Mfgs. were required to make this information available, via the internet, to aftermarket technicians at a nominal fee. Unfortunately, these mfg. websites are being under used by many technicians and shops! USING THE INTERNET To successfully diagnose and repair today’s high tech vehicles, YOU NEED TO USE THE INTERNET!! The following slides go over some internet basics as they pertain to smog inspections, vehicle diagnosis, and repairs. For some, this lesson will seem very basic and we ask for your indulgence. For others, it will open up new avenues for inspection, diagnostic, and repair information. USING THE INTERNET – Getting on the Internet Q: OK, so how do you get on the internet? A: To access the internet, you need: • A computer linked to the internet through a internet service provider. • Your personal computer (PC) needs a program called an internet browser. Among the common browser programs are: “Internet Explorer”, “Safari” (Apple PCs), “Mozilla”, “Opera”, etc. Your PC probably has one of these programs already installed on it’s hard drive. USING THE INTERNET – Getting on the Internet Q: The student course syllabus says that I must do an internet homework assignment to pass the course; if I don’t own a PC how can I complete this assignment? A: The following options are available: • Most public libraries have PCs that you may use for free! you just need to get a library card. They also have staff that can assist you. • Find an “internet cafe” and pay a small fee to use their PCs. • Ask your employer or a friend if they would allow you to use their PC. USING THE INTERNET – Getting on the Internet SO SHOW ME HOW TO GET ON THE INTERNET! USING THE INTERNET – Website Addresses You have seen it a million times on TV. The announcer says “For more information go to our website”; then you see this funny sentence at the bottom of the screen that starts off with a “www.” and ends with a “.com” and a strange name in between – what does that mean? When a company wants to be on the internet they are given a specific address called their website address (home page). This address usually starts with a www. (meaning world wide web), a name, then “.com” (for “commercial”). If the group is not a commercial enterprise (like a charity), it could end in “.org” (for “organization”), “.edu” (for education), or “.gov” (for “government”). USING THE INTERNET – Website Addresses To access a specific website, you need to enter the correct address in the browser’s address box. When you enter this address, you must enter the address characters exactly as you see it – no spaces, and type all the characters (e.g. @, -, /, _ etc.) Lets say we wanted to go to a popular search engine website like “Google.” In the address box you would type: www.google.com and press the “enter” key on the keyboard. USING THE INTERNET – BAR’s Website BAR’s website has a lot of useful information for Smog Check technicians and stations. The site has been recently been updated, and some new features were added. This site can provide you with information that can assist you in performing an inspection. Some of this site’s information is not available on any other website. So let’s take a look at some of the information that is available: Accessing Manufacturer Websites - TSBs Accepted engine performance/emission failure diagnostic procedures require the technician to check (early on in the process) for Technical Service Bulletins (TSBs)- usually after checking for Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs). Often, the most up-to-date source for these TSBs is the manufacturer’s website. Today, these websites can be accessed by the technician via the internet, for a nominal fee (and in some cases for free!) Accessing Manufacturer Websites - TSBs Q: So how can a TSB help me? Imagine the following situation: A technician has a 2004 1.6L Hyundai Accent that has the following DTC: P0130 (oxygen sensor malfunction). Without Checking for TSBs, the tech incorrectly replaces the O2 sensor with a new one – same code reappears! WHAT TO DO NOW? Accessing Manufacturer Websites - TSBs HadService the technician checked the Technical Bulletin This bulletin supersedes TSB# 05-36-003-2 to correct DTC code in the title from P0530 to P0503. manufacturer’s website, he/she would Subject: 2000-2004 1.5L & 1.6L ACCENT P0130 (OXYGENTSB SENSOR)related AND P0503 (SPEED have found the following to SENSOR) Group: ENGINE ELECTRICAL this code: Number: 06-36-002 Date: MAY,you 2006 can see, this was not an O As 2 Model: 2000-2004 ACCENT sensorSome failure issue, but ECM DESCRIPTION: 2000-2004 Accents with 1.5L SOHC an and 1.6L DOHC engines may experience the following symptoms:: reprogramming issue. Now the shop •DTC P0130 (Oxygen Sensor Malfunction) • DTC P0503 (Speed Sensor Malfunction) must suffer the loss of time and money • Reverse to Drive lurch while rolling backwards (On Automatic Transaxle equipped vehicles only) was fornot returnable) that This(O bulletin describes the procedure updating the Engine Control Module (ECM) software to 2 sensor improve the above condition by using the Hi-Scan Pro. resulted from an incorrect diagnosis and VEHICLES AFFECTED: Model: 2000-2004 ACCENT vehicles with 1.5L SOHC and 1.6L DOHC engines. not following a sound diagnostic procedure. Accessing Manufacturer Websites - TSBs OK, you have convinced me that TSBs have value, but I have never been to a manufacturer’s (mfg.) website before, where is it located and how do I access this information? It is not as hard as you think, let’s take this process step-by-step. The first step is to find the specific manufacturer’s webpage address for the vehicle you are working on. An organization called “The National Automotive Service Task Force” has provided a list of mfg. webpage addresses: www.nastf.org. So let’s go there now! Accessing Manufacturer Websites Getting an Email Address But I don’t have an email address, how do I get one? You can set up a “free” email account at various websites, some of which are: • www.hotmail.com • www.gmail.com • www.yahoo.com Accessing Manufacturer Websites Now that you know how to sign up to access a manufacturer’s website, let’s explore some the information you might find on a typical website: Other Helpful Websites There are many other websites that can assist a Smog Check technician. One popular website is the “International Automotive Technicians Network” (www.I-ATN.com). This site’s ‘standard’ membership level is “free”. Let’s take a look at some of the features of this site that might be of value: Note: The Dept. of Consumer Affairs/Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) does not endorse any one particular website. The information noted in this presentation is provided as a source of information for Smog Check technicians, to assist them in diagnosing and repairing emission failures. BAR does not take any responsibility for the accuracy of a website’s content, nor do the website participants views necessarily reflect those views held by BAR. Other Helpful Websites If you are interested in adding to your http://www.import-car.com/ knowledge of engine performance http://motorage.search-autoparts.com/ systems, you might find the following http://www.motor.com/ websites very useful. http://service.gm.com/index_en-US.html http://www.motorcraft.com/ Note: The Dept. of Consumer Affairs/Bureau of http://www.autoshop101.com/ Automotive Repair (BAR) does not endorse any one http://www.aeswave.com/Articles/index.htm particular website. The information noted in this http://www.underhoodservice.com/ presentation is provided as a source of information for http://www.wellsmfgcorp.com/index.html Smog Check technicians, to assist them in diagnosing and repairing emission failures. BAR does not take any http://www.aa1car.com/library.htm responsibility for the accuracy of a website’s content, nor http://www.kemparts.com/scripts/141.asp do the website participants views necessarily reflect http://www.smogsite.com/articles.html those views held by BAR. INTERNET QUIZ Q: What type of program does your PC need to access the internet? A: An internet browser program. Q: If you type in this address: www.smog check.ca.gov in the browser address box, will the system take you to that website? (look closely) A: No, you cannot have spaces in a website address. INTERNET QUIZ Q: Name three areas on BAR’s Smog Check website that can assist a licensed Smog Check technician: A: Vehicle test history, BAR Blasts, and ARB’s aftermarket parts database. Q:Only dealer techs are allowed to access a manufacturer’s website. True or False? A: False, anyone can access their sites. INTERNET QUIZ Q: Name a website where can you find a list of vehicle manufacturers websites? A: The “National Automotive Service Task Force” website: www.nastf.org. Q: You must own a PC and pay money to a service provider to get a personal internet address. True or False? A: False. A number of websites will allow you to sign up for email service, and provide you with an email address for free. - INTERNET EXAM Your instructor will now hand out your internet, take home, examination. As noted in the student course syllabus you received prior to the start of this course, you will need to gain access to a PC and complete this examination. Your instructor should allow you at least two days to complete this assignment. -NOTE – YOU CANNOT PASS THIS COURSE IF YOU DO NOT COMPLETE THIS EXAMINATION! - INTERNET EXAM - NOTE – YOU CANNOT TAKE THE FINAL EXAM UNTIL ALL EXAMINATIONS ARE TURNED IN! 1.Reading quiz 2.Internet assignments 3.Lab assignments We have computers here if you don’t have access. Let us know and you can come in early or during the day **Be sure to bring your smog badge to exam night**
