Civil Defence Command
Centers for New Century
(Emergency Operation Center)
By:
Dr Rahul Ralegaonkar
BACKGROUND
• Frequency of disasters- growing vulnerability, and changing
climate patterns.
• Breaking the cycle of destruction and reconstructionAddress the root causes of vulnerability.
• Causes of vulnerability- Rapid and uncontrolled
urbanization, mismanagement of natural resources,
inefficient public policies, and lagging & misguided
investments in infrastructure.
Disasters: Natural & Man-Made
Disaster Assessment: Natural & Man-Made
Earthquakes: Mapping geological lineaments land use, Geodynamic measurements
of strain accumulation, Locate stricken areas, map damage
Flash floods: Land use maps, Local rainfall measurements, Map flood damage,
Major floods, Flood plain maps; Land use maps, Regional rainfall;
Evapotranspiration, Map extent of floods
Cyclones: Synoptic weather forecasts, Map extent of damage, Tornadoes
Drought: Long ranged climate models, Monitoring vegetative biomass
Volcanic eruptions: Topographic and land use maps, Detection/ measurement of
gaseous emissions, Mapping lava flows, ash falls and lahars, map damage
Landslides: Topographic and land use maps, Rainfall, slope stability, Mapping slide
area
Storm surge: Land use and land cover maps, Sea state; ocean surface wind
velocities, Map extent of damage
Nowcasts: local weather Local weather observations, Map amount, extent of
damage
Need for Planning
• Disaster Planning- Predicting the risk of an event and possible impacts of
the event to human life, property, and the environment.
• Disaster Modeling- allows disaster managers to view the scope of a disaster,
where the damage may be the greatest, what lives and property are at
highest risk, and what response resources are required where.
(i) Hazard assessment and vulnerability analysis
(ii) Mitigation and preparedness
(iii) Pre-disaster phase
(iv) Response
(v) Loss and damage assessment
(vi) Rehabilitation and reconstruction
Disaster Management Stages
Mitigation and Prevention: Actions you take to identify preventable and
unavoidable disasters and to address what can be done to eliminate or
reduce the likelihood of a disaster and/or its accompanying risks
Preparedness: Consideration of worst-case scenarios and development of
comprehensive plan for coordinated and effective response to any given
disaster
Response: Execution of the preparedness plan and management of the
disaster
Recovery: Efficient and timely restoration of mission-critical operations and
processes
Disaster Management-Goals
• Response requirements, protection needs can be determined for areas at
highest risk.
• Emergency disaster management requires response, incident mapping,
establishing priorities, developing action plans, and implementing the plan to
protect lives, property, and the environment.
– Disaster managers should have quickly access and visual display of
critical information by location. This information facilitates the
development of action plans that are printed or transmitted to disaster
response personnel for the coordination and implementation of
emergency efforts.
• Records Management
Record keeping is the most critical task for disaster management. Claims,
status of repairs, required repair work, personnel, and so forth, can be
difficult to maintain and account for.
An example- Earthquake Damage
Prediction
• Locate the epicenter and Intensity of earthquake.
• Damaged area distance from the epicenter- demarcate a severely damaged
area ,moderate damaged, and least affected area with the help of images.
• Based on above information we need to provide a base relief operation.
Area which needs most quicker relief, Man-power, Shortest route to provide
medical facility, Food, shelter, and other basic needs.
• Transportation: roads / highways / public transportation / airport /seaport
• Parcels: building footprint and typology
• Infrastructure: utilities / water and wastewater / power supply and
electricity
• Landscape features: water bodies / open spaces / slope and
terrain / soil types.
• Major population centers: hospitals / stadiums / schools and
universities / movies theaters / shopping centers.
• Population growth will be factored to establish a set of scenarios outlining
the future regional structure, indicating some preliminary preferences.
– Some form of government intervention is required here to guide the planning
team on the desired growth pattern to be implemented.
Emergency (E) Management- better prepared, respond faster and recover
more quickly.
• E Team provides a common operational view of an incident such that all
parties involved in the response are in full coordination.
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E Team assists with:
Tracking & managing incidents & events
Gathering & sharing critical information
Assessing impact on critical infrastructure
Determining response capabilities across organizations
Notifying & alerting key parties involved in the response
Executing procedures & protocols
Coordinating a multi-agency response
Requesting, deploying & tracking resources
Departments and Roles
THIS INFORMATION COMES FROM MANY DIFFERENT SOURCES AND AT PRESENT
IT IS DIFFICULT TO BRING IT ALL TOGETHER- Develop a culture of selfreliance.
Organizational Roles
1. Organize the Planning Process
2. Disaster Defined
3. Data Collection & Documentation addressed
4. Recovery Strategies assessed / reviewed
5. Customize & Finalize the Plan
6. Test & Maintain the Plan
7. Performing a Risk Assessment
8. Format of the Disaster Recovery Plan
9. Identify Incident Response Team and Chain of Command
10. Provide Resources
11. Develop a Staged Shutdown
12. Coordinating With Partners
13. Conduct periodic audits of the plan
EMERGENCY OPERATION CENTER (EOC)
An EOC is the physical location where organizations comes together during an
emergency to coordinate response and recovery actions and resources.
Serves a number of purposes including operations, training, meetings and other uses.
EOC- Flexible, interoperable, secure software system that will make life much
easier regardless of size and complexity of disaster.
- Information sharing (Multiagency Coordination Systems) and decision
making
Advantages:
1. Good information management tool
(Contingency managers can create and organize their plans)
2. Incident Command System (ICS)
(Conduct of emergency operations by providing a management structure and system)
3.Proper coordination of information management (optimize communication), decisions
and resources facilitation.
EOC-Resource Management
– Establishing systems for describing, inventorying, requesting and
tracking resources
– Activating the systems prior to, during and after an incident
– Dispatching resources prior, during and after an incident
– Deactivating or recalling resources during or after an incident
Data forms: Forms, Reports, Charts, Checklist, Massage, Weather
Service, Common alerting protocol, Pocket PC compatible, Map
Support, Web based, Client Server Technology, Simulation, Security,
Data Linking.
Development of standards, including:
• Training
• Equipment Certifications
• Experience
• Credentialing
• Currency requirements
• Physical and medical fitness
EOC Organization
EOC Manager
Coordination
Communications
Resource
Management
Information
Management
Coordination
Other Multiagency
Coordination
Entities
Multiagency
Coordination
Entity
Incident
Command/
Unified
Command 1
 Situation
status
 Resource
needs
Incident
Command/
Unified
Command 2
 Resources
 Priorities
 Strategic
coordination
Unified Command
(Representatives From Local Jurisdictions)
Operations
Planning
Logistics
Finance/
Administration
EOC- Joint Information Centre (JIC)
Joint Information
Center
Press Secretary
(jurisdictional)
Research Team
Liaison
(as required)
Media Team
Logistics Team
State JIC
Local JIC 1
Agency 1
PIO
Local JIC 2
Must follow
established
JIC protocols
IC/UC/Area Command
PIO
(at incident JIC)
Agency 2 PIO
Paper-Based Emergency Information Management
• System: If electronic emergency information systems are not available,
paper logs will be used to record events, communications & messages,
damage assessments, situation reports, resources utilized, man-hours
expended, etc.
• Record Storage: Hard copy data will be stored in a secure location
EOC Design Components
A state-of-the-art EOC may have computer generated displays projected on several
contiguous large screens located along a wall. These projections can integrate
status boards, maps, charts, briefing slides, CCTV, Video teleconferencing, TV
(weather channel/CNN), live plume models, plans, procedures, checklists, etc.
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Hardware
Software
Communications
Facilities
People
Other resources
E-management resources
- The internet/intranet
- voice and video teleconferencing (recorded)
- phones with lights instead of ringers and, headsets for hands free
operation
- automated displays featuring status boards and maps with motion
- raised access flooring for easy installation of telecommunications
- acoustic walls and ceilings, and static-free carpeted floors
- task lighting at each position
- large screen room displays in virtual windows
- systems furniture including ergonomic chairs
- digital clock systems (accurate to a millisecond)
- cameras and video recording
- automated checklists and forms and computerized reference
documents
- human factored lighting and colors
- mission driven seating configurations
- Decision-makers that are facing away from traffic flow within the
room
Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP Center):
• A PSAP is a 24X7 operation that typically has two critical activities or areas
we can refer to as the "dispatcher area" (where the Call Takers and/or
Dispatchers are located) and the "equipment room" (where the critical
systems are housed).
• The PSAP serves as the focal point for high density communications utilizing
phones, radios, speakers, position-to-position voice communications and
occasional foot traffic from shift changes, visitors, etc.
Virtual EOC
• Two-way audio-vidual communications…a structured mechanism for
receiving and sending information.
• Automated response and recovery checklists...
• Alert notifications…
EOC Decision Making
Strong management will be needed during EOC operations. EOCs
should be activated as soon as possible to ensure that rapid decision
making can occur. During the incident response phase, the real-time
tracking of incidents and response resources is critical. Resources may
be in short supply while multiple requests for services pile up. An
operations log capability in needed to fulfill the requirement of
documenting, tracking, and managing the response to an infinite
number of concurrent incidents.
Typical Status Board Displays:
Chronological, "Timeline" or "Significant Events"
This display records all reports entered into the system that meet the criteria for
entry. Reports are posted in the order received and are referenced by the Time
of Receipt (TOR). Typically, the Time of Occurrence (TOC) is recorded in the
narrative. If you had only one status board this is the one you would need. These
displays can be filtered and sorted as well.
Multiple chronological displays can be maintained.
Examples are: A log of all reports to the system can be maintained; a
log of “Significant Events” can be maintained; a log of reports by category can
also be maintained. Categorical Displays help us manage high volume
information flow by breaking it down into functional groups.
Multi Input Displays
Video windowing processors (or multiviewers) with multiple
window display, picture-in-picture, split screen, and full screen
modes. Input NTSC/PAL, S-Video, component, HDTV and RGB/DVI
signals up to 1920 x 1200 pixel resolution for the intelligent
display of multimedia information.
Video Walls
Multi screen displays offers
installation, and 24/7 reliability.
real
time
performance,
easy
Recording
Computer and other imagery may be recorded in a variety of
digital and analog formats, JPEG 2000, MPEG-2, and
broadcast video.
Video Transmission & Streaming
For mission critical applications where maintaining the highest
possible signal quality is required.
PHOTONICS
is being studied today as a possible alternate
technology for the future. Investigations are on to harness the
capability of the photon to carry information and energy. Fortunately,
success has already been achieved in the area of
communications.
Optical fibers, not copper cables, are already being used to carry
huge amounts of information across the great oceans. Even the
internet cables around us are now optical and not electronic.
However, communication is only one of the three `C' s, that has
been taken care of, the other two being computing and control.
Photonic switches and optical computers are still in the laboratories
and not yet in the marketplace. The major bottleneck in this area is
not in solving technological problems or in perfecting theoretical
understanding, but in developing suitable materials.
Photonics is the science of generating, controlling, and detecting
photons, particularly in the visible and near infra-red spectrum, but
also extending to the ultraviolet (0.2 - 0.35 µm wavelength), longwave infrared (8 - 12 µm wavelength), and far-infrared/THz portion
of the spectrum (e.g., 2-4 THz corresponding to 75-150 µm
wavelength) where today quantum cascade lasers are being actively
developed. Photonics is an outgrowth of the first practical
semiconductor light emitters.
• Semiconductor photonic devices include optical data recording, fiber
optic telecommunications, laser printing (based on xerography),
displays, and optical pumping of high-power lasers.
• The potential applications of photonics are virtually unlimited and
include chemical synthesis, medical diagnostics, on-chip data
communication, laser defense, and fusion energy, etc.
The Nature of Optical Nonlinearity
• Spectroscopic characterization and analysis of materials
using
the
techniques
of
optical
absorption,
luminescence, Raman scattering are standard
techniques in research. These studies help in structure
analysis and in understanding the electronic processes
and energy levels in systems. Several interesting
photochemical processes and reactions such as
photosynthesis have attracted the attentions of Materials
Scientists and Biologists. The advent of lasers has
revolutionized optical technology including spectroscopic
instrumentation.
• The high intensity radiation from lasers is also capable of
causing new processes to occur in materials. In such
cases, most of the materials can have a `nonlinear
interaction' with the electric field. The nonlinear
interaction results in several novel processes, which
have the potential for communication, control and
computing applications.
VME Boards
For a mobile system or other environment where space is
an issue, a board-level version of multi-input display
processors may be more appropriate than a stand alone
peripheral.
Scan Converters
Video scan conversion offering broadcast quality NTSC/PAL,
S-Video, CCIR 601, etc.
Universal Scalers
Improve the quality of projected video by scaling the input
signal to match the native resolutions of any projector.
Overlayers/Keyers
Overlayers are used to combine images, e.g. a HUD on a
OTW display for simulators, with all or part of one visible
over the other. The product offers a variety of features and
capabilities, including single line overlay accuracy,
extractions, and independent input and output resolutions
up to 1900x1200 pixels.
RGB Matrix Switchers
Routing Switchers are the perfect solutions for high
demand, mission critical applications where maintaining the
highest possible signal quality is required. These systems
provide modular configurations that allow the combination
of signal types (RGB/Audio/Composite/Component/SVideo) in a single chassis.
DVI Matrix Switchers
DVI Routing Switchers are the perfect solutions for mission
critical applications where maintaining the highest possible
signal quality is required.
The portable outdoor Pan Tilt Zoom Monitoring and Recording system
The system comes with four compact 12VDC OPTZ cameras, facilitating rapid
deployment on the 9 foot tripods.
The VIPER4-R has a fully integrated rugged control case with a 15” LCD Monitor
and built-in 160GB digital video recorder.
powervideoThe cables are supplied on reels to allow quick deployment and easy storage.
Encrypted Secure Wireless Video Transmission with a range of up to 1 mile.
12VDC or AC powered. The system is powered from a single power input ( AC or
DC ) which is distributed through the control case and to the cameras or optional
wireless receivers.
The system flexibility can be optionally expanded for remote wireless use with the
12VDC 5.8Ghz
The VIPER4-R Shown Hardwired (Optional Wireless )
Networking
• Networking is a complex part of computing that makes up most of the IT
Industry. Without networks, almost all communication in the world would
cease to happen. It is because of networking that telephones, televisions,
the internet, etc. work.
• One way to categorize computer networks are by their geographic scope,
although many real-world networks interconnect Local Area Networks (LAN)
via Wide Area Networks (WAN).
Router:
A router is a device that determines the proper path for data to travel between
different networks, and forwards data packets to the next device along this
path. They connect networks together; a LAN to a WAN for example, to access
the Internet. Some units, like the Cisco 1800 (pictured), are available in both
wired and wireless models.
Modem:
Short for modulator-demodulator. A modem is a device or program that
enables a computer to transmit data over, for example, telephone or cable
lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas information transmitted
over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. A modem
converts between these two forms.
Fortunately, there is one standard interface for connecting external modems to
computers called RS-232. Consequently, any external modem can be
attached to any computer that has an RS-232 port, which almost all personal
computers have. There are also modems that come as an expansion board
that you can insert into a vacant expansion slot. These are sometimes called
onboard or internal modems.
Switches:
• A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network
segments.
A network card, network adapter or NIC (network interface
card) is a piece of computer hardware designed to allow
computers to communicate over a computer network
This switch has 48 ports
Low-end network switches appear nearly identical to network hubs, but a switch
contains more "intelligence" (and a slightly higher price tag) than a network hub.
Network switches are capable of inspecting data packets as they are received,
determining the source and destination device of that packet, and forwarding it
appropriately. By delivering each message only to the connected device it was
intended for, a network switch conserves network bandwidth and offers generally better
performance than a hub.
As with hubs, Ethernet implementations of network switches are the most common.
Mainstream Ethernet network switches support either 10/100 Mbit/s or 10/100/1000
Mbit/s ports Ethernet standards. Large switches may have 10 Gbit/s ports.
The network switch, packet switch (or just switch) plays an integral part in most
Ethernet local area networks or LANs.
Networking:
• Computer networking is the engineering discipline concerned with
communication between computer systems or devices.
• Communicating computer systems constitute a computer network and these
networks generally involve at least two devices capable of being networked
with at least one usually being a computer. The devices can be separated by
a few meters (e.g. via Bluetooth) or nearly unlimited distances
• A computer network is any set of computers or devices connected to each
other. Examples of networks are the Internet, or a small home local area
network (LAN) with two computers connected with standard networking
cables connecting to a network interface card in each computer. All modern
aspects of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) are computercontrolled, and telephony increasingly runs over the Internet Protocol,
although not necessarily the public Internet.
Local Area Network (LAN)
• A Local Area Network is a network that spans a relatively small space and
provides services to a small amount of people. Depending on the amount of
people that use a Local Area Network, a peer-to-peer or client-server
method of networking may be used. A peer-to-peer network is where each
client shares their resources with other workstations in the network.
A Local Area Network is a network that spans a relatively small space and
provides services to a small amount of people. Depending on the amount of
people that use a Local Area Network, a peer-to-peer or client-server method of
networking may be used. A peer-to-peer network is where each client shares
their resources with other workstations in the network.
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A Wide Area Network is a network where a wide variety of resources are deployed
across a large domestic area or internationally. An example of this is a multinational
business that uses a WAN to interconnect their offices in different countries. The largest
and best example of a WAN is the Internet, which is the largest network in the world.
The PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) also is an extremely large network that
is converging to use Internet technologies, although not necessarily through the public
Internet.
Wireless Networks (WLAN, WWAN)
• A wireless network is basically the same as a LAN or a WAN but
there are no wires between hosts and servers. The data is
transferred over sets of radio transceivers. These types of networks
are beneficial when it is too costly or inconvenient to run the
necessary cables.
Types of connectivity:
• Wi-Fi:
• Wi-Fi is a wireless technology brand owned by the Wi-Fi Alliance
intended to improve the interoperability of wireless local area
network products based on the IEEE 802.11 standards.
• A Wi-Fi enabled device such as a PC, cell phone or PDA can
connect to the Internet when within range of a wireless network
connected to the Internet. The area covered by one or several
interconnected access points is called a hotspot. Hotspots can cover
as little as a single room with wireless-opaque walls or as much as
many square miles covered by overlapping access points. Wi-Fi can
also be used to create a mesh network. Both architectures are used
in community networks.
Advantages of Wi-Fi
• Wi-Fi allows LANs to be deployed without cabling for client devices, typically
reducing the costs of network deployment and expansion. Spaces where
cables cannot be run, such as outdoor areas and historical buildings, can
host wireless LANs.
• As of 2007 wireless network adapters are built into most modern laptops.
The price of chipsets for Wi-Fi continues to drop, making it an economical
networking option included in ever more devices. Wi-Fi has become
widespread in corporate infrastructures, which also helps with the
deployment of RFID technology that can piggyback on Wi-Fi
VPN:
• A virtual private network (VPN) is a communications network tunneled
through another network, and dedicated for a specific network. One common
application is secure communications through the public Internet, but a VPN
need not have explicit security features, such as authentication or content
encryption. VPNs, for example, can be used to separate out the traffic of
different user communities over an underlying network with strong security
features.
• Connectivity to Internet
• Dialup
• Broad Band
• Lease Line
• Cable net
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Other types of computer network
As your business develops, you might wish to consider other networks such as wide
area networks (WANs), virtual private networks (VPNs), intranets and extranets.
These networks each offer different business benefits, such as linking together
systems in different offices, allowing remote workers to access your office systems
securely, or providing up-to-date information for your staff and business partners.
WANs are used by companies with offices at different locations. The WAN connects
different local area networks together, into a more complex network. You will need to
use client/server networks, which are based around central server computers, so that
you can connect the various servers over a telecommunications network. WANs use
cables/lines that are leased from a telecoms company.
A VPN allows the user to connect across the Internet to the business' private
network. It creates a secure link between the remote worker's computer and the
central system. A VPN can be cheaper to use than leased lines or domestic-type
broadband connections.
Equipments and Networking
EmerGeo Architecture
Clients
Smart Client
(Mobile / Tools)
Web Client
(Viewer Only)
Intranet / Internet
Servers
Shared or separate servers
EmerGeo Server
WebEOC Server
(SQL 2000 can be shared with EmerGeo)
Optional WMS/WFS* “Data Connectors”
Data Servers
* Web Map Services / Web Feature Services
OpenGIS-enabled GIS Systems
ESRI
Intergraph
MapInfo
AutoDesk
Others
Enabling Interoperability
through Integration
Internet/Intranet Applications
(Base Map Data)
Wireless
Applications
(GPS)
Messaging
Systems
Analytical Models
WebEOC
+
EmerGe
o
Video
Surveillance
Computer
Aided Dispatch
Facility Databases
(Critical Infrastructure)
Security and ITCyber Security for the Digital District
•Security – All measures that monitor or restrict access to the system,
such as locks, surveillance cameras, guards, fences, and entry control
systems.
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Sound backup system based on priorities
Electronic and paper backup of vital records (and plan!)
Offsite backups and data storage
Offsite office/redundant data center
Remote data replication and outsourcing
Egress access from the EOC network to the Internet occurs through the local router's
Network Address Translation (NAT) capability. Egress filtering is limited because of
the variety of protocols used by agencies that may partner with the EOC in case of
emergency. For example, assisting staff from local, state, and federal agencies may
each require outbound connectivity to a different set of ports and destinations to
facilitate access back to their organizations' networks. Because of the way Groove
utilizes relay servers, workspace synchronization can also occur over this NAT
connection. In the future, if we choose to implement more strict egress filtering,
Groove would still function by wrapping its communications within HTTP frames for
outbound access.
Security and Emergency Management
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Operational areas, including CCTV, Security, and Emergency Management
Customs House loading dock
Security incident database
Corporate security risk assessment
Corporate Security Plan
Alarm system remedial works
Mail handling and receipt of goods
Security alert procedures
On-line visitor and contractor management system
National Code of Practice for CCTV Systems for the Mass Passenger
Transport for Counter Terrorism
Security-Biometrics
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face: the analysis of facial characteristics
fingerprint: the analysis of an individual’s unique fingerprints
hand geometry: the analysis of the shape of the hand and the length of
the fingers
retina: the analysis of the capillary vessels located at the back of the eye
iris: the analysis of the colored ring that surrounds the eye’s pupil
signature: the analysis of the way a person signs his name.
vein: the analysis of pattern of veins in the back if the hand and the wrist
voice: the analysis of the tone, pitch, cadence and frequency of a person’s
voice.
CCTV
The development of novel sensor-centric data fusion models appropriate
to fusion of disparate range and image data;
Fusion of complex, information-rich, probabilistic representations of
geometric and physical properties; and
development of endogenous data fusion and communication algorithms
appropriate to large-scale distributed sensor networks.
Through Panel Remote Access Interface Modules
For Access control application :
Master – slave where multiple slaves can be connected to a master unit and
Master is connected to computer. Master Recorder can be installed at entry and
the slaves at the gate where access control is required. A person first punches
in the Master and then in a slave to get entry to restricted premises. If he/she
does not punch in the Master than slave will not accept the punch and entry will
be denied. This ensures entry into restricted area only after one punches in
master i.e. for attendance.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a method of remotely storing and retrieving
data using devices called RFID tags. An RFID tag is a small object, such as an
adhesive sticker, that can be attached to or incorporated into a product. RFID tags
contain antennae to enable them to receive and respond to radio-frequency queries
from an RFID transceiver.
RFID tags can be either active or passive.
Another proposed application is the use of RFID as intelligent traffic
signals on the road (Road Beacon System or RBS).
Building on Groove and SharePoint
SharePoint is the core of EOC communication platform, providing an
easy-to-use, full-featured Web site for storing documents, contacts, and
task lists. Because it's a Web-based application, we can easily make its
content available to anyone physically in the EOC building or anywhere on
the Internet (assuming we have network connectivity). What we can't do
with SharePoint is take the data offline, and that's where Groove
comes in.
Groove provides key pieces of the overall solution. Through its Mobile
Workspace for SharePoint, Groove allows us to take the entire SharePoint
site and make it available offline. Groove users synchronize the contents of
the SharePoint site to their local computers and can then view, edit, and
add to the site even if they don't have a network connection. When they
reconnect, the content is automatically synchronized back to SharePoint for
the rest of the EOC to use.
Using Groove forms, we can quickly and easily collect large amounts of data in
any emergency situation. Groove can track the location and health of
thousands of evacuees and volunteers. Users could take a Groove-equipped
laptop to a site with no power or network connectivity, collect as much
information as battery power allowed, then return to a place with network
connectivity. As soon as the Groove client reconnected back to the workspace,
it began synchronizing the data collected offline with all its peers This is a
tremendously powerful capability because it allows us to rapidly integrate
dispersed information into a single distributed database.
Synchronizing Data through Groove and
Sharepoint
BASIS FOR EOC- TOOLS?
Mapping, Database Construction and Decision
Making
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Resource Mapping: hospitals, police stations, transport services, blood banks,
medicine shops, doctors, cranes, tent suppliers, water suppliers, ST depots, NGOs,
fire stations etc.
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Applications- record keeping and status of ongoing work, risk assessment; scenario
analysis or analysis of consequences; forecast and projection; dissemination of
information; allocation of personnel, equipment and other resources; reaching various
affected areas by relief personnel; damage assessment and so on.
Information Technology- Issues
(conceptual, technical, socio-technical, political, institutional and financial
perspectives)
• Geographical Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS),
and Global Positioning System (GPS)
• The integration of such technologies with each other and with other
technologies such as decision support systems (DSS), the worldwide-web and simulators has created more effective disaster
management.
• Developing Spatial Data Infrastructure to Facilitate Disaster
Management
• Emergency Response Modeling and Simulation Systems (ERMSSs)
• The access networks- inter- and intranets, policy and standards
• Parallel Computing- Distributed computing
• A web-based disaster management system for data sharing, data
exchange and data analysis using an SDI model.
• National Natural Disaster Knowledge Network:- (Nanadisk-Net) –
Digital Library Multilinguistic and e-trainingIt is a platform to facilitate an interactive dialogue with all government
departments, research institutions, universities, community-based organizations
and even individuals. The network acts as a digital library service and facilitates
access to global databases and early warning systems in a significant way. The
Knowledge Network is designed to give a boost to technical cooperation among
developing countries and to expand international relationships to include
exchange of information and transfer of technology. Nanadisk-Net also
promotes e-training and have the feature of many languages through a
translation software.
The Information System is structured at four levels:
• First level – National Government (through the Standing Committee for Protection of
the Population in the Events of Major Natural and Man-Made
Disasters /SCPP/ under the Council of Ministers; the National Situation
Center at the State Agency for Civil Protection (SACP), ministries and agencies);
• Second level – district administrations;
• Third level – municipalities;
• Fourth level – peripheral (high-risk industrial or business facilities, power stations,
sensitive points, research sites, observatories, warning and alert systems, etc.).
Flood Forecast Management
The Flood Watch interface allows users to carry out all forecasting
activities, ranging from telemetric data collection through to model
simulations and production of flood maps from a single consistent user
interface.
(MIGRAN): The graphical and interactive features of MIGRAN make it a highly
effective tool for the transportation planner. The ultimate use of MIGRAN lies in
the analysis of the impact of link additions and improvements. The planner can
study the MIGRAN output and determine which links in the network need
improvement. Alternatively, he may consider adding some links to divert traffic
from critical paths. The modified network can be analysed by MIGRAN and the
output of the two networks can then be compared by MIGRAN to assess the
impact of the changes on the level of service.
• MIGSOS was developed to design isolated signals and simulate
the movement of vehicles. After the signal timings have been
determined, the software generates the vehicles in a Poisson
stream and animates their movement on the screen. The planner
can study the effect of timing changes on the overall delay at
the junction.
QUICK ACCESS TO RESCUE
DURING EMERGENCY
•The modeled system was developed to save time by displaying routes
having minimum travel time from Ambulance - accident spot - Hospital.
Road Accident Database
Automatic generation of collision diagram with vehicular
movements
Advanced querying and reporting
Many new advanced features like:
•High accident location identification
•Scenario Analysis
•Spot / Intersection Analysis
•Cluster Analysis
•Strip / Corridor Analysis
•Ability to add Accident photograph or location photograph along
with the accident data.
Geomatics in e-Governance
Geomatics or Geographic Informatics encompasses all aspects of geo-referenced
data viz. acquisition, integration, decision support and dissemination. Its
applications are fundamental to population growth, economic development and
consumption of natural resources. Geomatics addresses the vital elements of any
information system viz. geographic measurement, geo-accounting, spatial analysis
and integrated decision-making. Geomatics comprises of remote sensing,
photogrammetry, geographical information system (GIS), cartography and GPS.
E-Governance using Geomatics
• Rural road information
As e-Gram Suvidha encompasses rural road inventory, key
information corresponding to any selected road segment on the
map can be easily obtained. The road information may consist
of category of the road (NH: National Highways, SH: State
Highways, MDR: Major District Road, ODR: Other District
Road, OR: Other Roads) and type of the road (BT: Black Top,
WBM, Earthen, Gravel), status (poor/good/average), length of
road, population and villages benefited.
• GIS Combines spatial and non-spatial data; Icons for
infrastructure / projects at Block & Panchayat levels; Thematic
maps on works / sanctioned amount / pending works;
Geographic distribution of projects clearly seen; Clustering of
projects in a Block or neglect of Panchayat identified.
• The area traffic control (ATC) centre is the operational hub of the transport
system. From the centre the traffic signals are constantly being monitored
and the timings are being adjusted to aid the flow of traffic. Sensors are
placed on the entire road, which help in detecting traffic density. The traffic
signals are then controlled by a central control room. Faults are recorded
and passed onto the engineers on street and the data is collected to aid the
future development of traffic schemes.
• Traffic information service: Increasing importance is attached to provide upto
the minute information to road users about the condition of the transport
network. A central database of incident and road network information is
maintained comprising data, which has been supplied from a varity of
sources including police, Local authorities, utility companies, public transport
operators, media persons for broadcasting and the end users.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Aims of ATC system are
Automated Vehicle Identification and Classification
Automatic Vehicle Location
Pedestrian Movement Detection
Real Time Traffic Transmissions
Pollution monitoring
Environment conservation
Tools for More Informed Decisions
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With Autodesk Crisis Command 2 users can be more confident in the
outcome of decisions made using new tools for tasks including sharing site
and resource information, managing data for incidents in progress, and
performing recovery analysis. Key features and benefits of Autodesk Crisis
Command 2 include:
Incident reporting and notification – Enhancements allow users to better
track events, record incident history and automatically alert appropriate
emergency managers for efficient event response and management, and
insightful post-incident analysis.
Situational and spatial awareness – Tools for critical asset tracking and
buffer creation allow users to generate reports on map features within a
selected location for situational and spatial awareness and analysis.
Planning and locating resources – Landmark information, planning and
drawing tools allow users to better visualize resources, mark up and share
information for pre-planning emergency preparedness.
Improved management and security - Work order, time reporting and
administrative tools ensure emergency managers can secure access to
information, manage and track assigned tasks, and understand time spent
and personnel costs.
The Autodesk Emergency Response Solution
The Autodesk Emergency Response Solution consists of
interoperable Autodesk technologies and services, including
Autodesk MapGuide Web mapping software to manage and
distribute information about an incident to anyone who needs it;
Autodesk Crisis Command 2; and Autodesk Mobile Command
software to provide both tactical and strategic capabilities including
functionality for fire attack pre-planning, fire flow/bomb blast
analysis, sniper/counter sniper capabilities, dynamic 3D
visualization, and command and control. , Autodesk also uses its
Autodesk Pre-Plan Command software to create and edit maps and
drawings, and help non-technical users quickly transform
architectural drawings and floor plans into ready-to-use tactical and
fire attack pre-plans that can track casualties with up-to-date
information during an incident.
Information Communications & TechnologyWebEOC?
User Log-out Button
Admin Module
(requires permissions)
Event Identifier
Chat Feature
Checklists
User Log-in Identifier
Emergency Email System
Emergency Contacts
Display Checkbox
(Opens Boards, Sub-menus
or Linked Programs)
Data Indicator Lights
Black: No new data
Input Button
(Opens Input Form for Board)
Red: New data available
Example Sub-menu
Blue: Sub-menus
Green: Links
WHAT IS WebEOC?
WebEOC- Web-based, emergency
operations center crisis information
management software.
WebEOC puts our paper forms,
reports and whiteboards online for
real-time information sharing and
‘roll-up’ of information.
Real-time information is key
when making decisions on the
well-being of our citizens and
protection of property.
DUAL COMMIT AND DATA LINKING
INSIDE
• Dual commit allows information to be posted to
two servers simultaneously – outside the firewall
for access by external agencies via the Internet,
and for information sharing between agencies
having common WebEOC status boards.
• Data-Linking
Entries can be simultaneously posted from one
board to another.
A ‘controller’ position can be set-up to review
Position Log entries flagged as ‘significant’ before
they are posted to the Significant Events status
board.
OUTSIDE
Disaster Management and GIS
Developing Spatial Data Infrastructure to Facilitate
Disaster Management
Emergency Response Modeling and Simulation Systems (ERMSSs).
Sources and Types of Electromagnetic
Energy Used in Remote Sensing
Syncroniser
SLAR
modulator
transmitter
Tranmit/ Receive switch
Aircraft
Antenna
Mixer & local oscilator
Range
direction
Pulse
length
Receiver
Ground
surface
Detector
Previous
scan lines
Azimuth
direction
film
Analogue
tape
Digital
tape
Role of SDI in Disaster Management
SDI is an initiative intended to create an environment that will enable a wide variety of
users to access, retrieve and disseminate spatial data and information in an easy and
secure way. In principle, SDIs allow the sharing of data, which is extremely useful, as it
enables users to save resources, time and effort when trying to acquire new datasets by
avoiding duplication of expenses associated with generation and maintenance of data
and their integration with other datasets.
The system meets the following basic requirements:
• The system must be continuously accessible – 24 hours a day;
• It must be highly reliable;
• The system must provide for a high degree of information protection;
• The system should provide for the rapid exchange of information throughout
the Community;
• The system must account for all languages used throughout the Community;
• It should allow for the transmission of one message to many contact points;
• At least a preliminary version of this system must be implemented quickly;
• The system must include suitable procedures for handling data provided to
the Commission by a Member State in confidence;
• While the system must primarily provide for exchange of the information
required under the Council Decision, it is desirable that such a system
should have application in the context of other legal provisions of the
Community that relate to the exchange of emergency (radiological)
information.
Conclusions
• An EOC is a unique environment for most IT professionals. Many of the
services often taken for granted, such as high bandwidth and Internet
connectivity, cannot be relied on during an emergency. Thus, the systems
put in place to manage emergencies must be able to deal with scenarios
where connectivity may be spotty and users widely dispersed, but where it's
more crucial than ever to have secure, reliable access to data. By combining
SharePoint and Groove, it’s possible to build an EOC that's survivable and
able to come to the needs of serious disasters.
• A Virtual EOC can be a core concept of operations or an adjunct to a
traditional EOC. Participants can share information, make decisions, and
deploy resources without the requirement to be physically present in the
operations center. A Virtual EOC can allow participants to work from their
normal workstation, from home, or from the field with data, information and
plans available from any location.
Key Solution
Nagpur District
Data
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Disasters-Natural (Earthquake, Flood)
Industries
Agriculture
Health
Buildings
Transportation- Roads, Railways, Airport
Census Data
Etc..
Organizational Linkage with EOC
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Central Govt.-BSNL, National informatics centre, etc.
State Govt.-Housing, water, medical, transport, etc.
Banking
Other- Police, Hospitals, etc.
Integrated Modular Technology at EOC
Police
Fire
Media
Communication
Network
Medical Agency
EOC in association
with Govt.
Parallel Computing, Multiple
display, Alarms, Security
Check, 24 Hrs. Help Line,
Graphics Diplay, Supportive
Database, Automated tolls for
Decision Making-
Ramtek
Information
retrieval
Katol
Hingna
Action and Time
Hard Copy Data Geneation
Back-up
Blood Banks
Hospitals
Nagpur
Analyzed Information directed for
action to various Departments
Ambulance
I/p Data
Local Governing Body- Pre
Disaster, Post disasterDisplay and Output
Use Mobile Devices-GPS,
Palm Tops, Mobile Ph., ATM
sort Machines
Services
Action Plan Schedule
information transfer
(*Check Authentic Data
Cameras, CCTV, Sensors,
etc. )
Jai Hind..