First Ten
• Get out MBC homework/graphic organizer
– Why was MBC settled?
– Puritan view of church and state?
• “The Puritans believed in a separation of church
and state, but not a separation of the state from
God.”
– What influence did the MBC have on modern
politics in the US?
– One Short Answer/Unit One Test
The New
England
Colonies
pg. 50-54
How did the
geography of the
New England
Colonies impact
the development of
its economy?
(Trade v. Farming)
The New
England
Colonies
pg. 50-54
New England Colonies
• Includes:
– Massachusetts
– Rhode Island
– New Hampshire
– Connecticut
• Founded mainly for religious purposes
– mainly from England – Puritans –
Little religious tolerance
• Short growing season with rocky soil =
corn, shipping, fishing, timber
INTRODUCTION, CHAPTER
ONE, CHAPTER TWO
Puritans and the Church of England
• Residents of New England
left England b/c they
disagreed with the Church of
England, also known as the
Anglican Church (only legal
church)
– Known as Puritans (want to
purify church, still affiliated)
– Separatists: leave to begin
their own church (PILGRIMS!)
– Thought it was too similar to
Catholic Church
– Didn’t like hierarchy
CHAPTER THREE
Puritans arrive in Massachussetts: New England colony
(Plymouth, Boston, Salem)
1. Motives = to escape religious persecution
a.
b.
c.
Governor John Winthrop: 1630 more Puritans come to
make their colony, “A city upon the hill”… inspiration
and example to the rest of the world of how one should
be living
Predestination: These people of the church were chosen
by God to do this
Non-puritans allowed to live here for economic purposes
CHAPTER FOUR
a. Puritans: Required all members
to attend church (very strict,
fined if missed, no sleeping,
women important for child
birth)
b.
Est. town meetings to make laws
(democracy!)
i.
1631, all male church members (THE
CHOSEN ONES: had conversion
experience of journey to the colony) had
the right to vote
ii. 1662, Half Way Covenant gives ½ church
members (no conversion experience,
children of original members) right to
vote
iii. 1691, all male landowners gain right to
vote
Half-way Covenant
• Significance
• This step increased the diminishing
minority of church members in the
colonies, extended church discipline over
more people, and encouraged a greater
number to seek conversion and work for
the benefit of the church.
CHAPTER FIVE
Dissent in MBC
a.
Roger Williams: Founder of Rhode Island colony
i. Banished for speaking out against Church
regulation, ‘too strict!”
ii. Est universal male suffrage (right to vote)
and religious freedom in RI
iii. Anne Hutchinson
i.
ii.
female leadership in the church
Personal relationship with God as opposed to church
leaders
CHAPTER SIX
Connecticut
• 1636 - Thomas Hooker
• Hartford, CT
• Significance: more gov’t
representation and
separation of church and
state
• Non-church members need
voting rights
• First constitution
• Fundamental Orders of
Connecticut
CHAPTER SEVEN
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
JU8GvfeaOMo
c. Salem Witch Trials
• Blame witches for native
attacks, disease, bad things,
etc.
• Target: women, non-puritans,
poor
http://www.history.com/shows/mankind
-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind• “afflicted child” went into
the-story-of-all-of-us-salem-witch-trials
convulsions, ran around, hid
under furniture
• Around 20 put to death
• IMPORTANCE = those accused
were showing a loss of lose
religious passion…making $
and freedoms become priority
•
(sex, drugs, & rock n’ roll!)
CONFLICT WITH NATIVE
AMERICANS
Conflict with Natives in New
England
• Pequot War (1637)
– NE colonist accuse Pequots of murdering English trader – NA
deny
– Significance: showed continued removal of native land at the
expense of European expansion (over 700 dead)
• Natives were not going to give up land without a fight
• NE fought with enemies of the Pequot
• Pequot nation was eliminated; few survivors went to live in the
“praying towns”
• Praying Towns:
–
–
–
–
Puritans try to convert NA with missionaries
Controlled location
1674: 14 praying towns with 1,600 inhabitants
Assimilation  clothing, religion, language, gender norms
Let’s read
about
King
Phillip’s
War
The Middle
Colonies
pg. 55-59
How did the geography of the Middle Colonies
impact the development of its economy?
(Trade v. Farming)
• Hudson River (navigation), many seaports
• Soil suitable for farming, mild climate
• Big food producing region that included corn and wheat and
livestock including beef and pork. Other industries included the
production of iron ore, lumber, textiles, and furs, which they
exported to England
The Middle Colonies
• The Dutch settled
New Amsterdam
in1625
• Religious tolerance
and diverse European
groups
– Didn’t pressure natives
to convert
– Mainly focused on
mercantilism
• 1644 The English take
over the colony from
the Dutch($$$), name
changed to New York
Pennsylvania pg. 58
• Founded by William Penn
1680
– Quaker: a radical form of
Protestantism that believed in
equality between men and
women, pacifists, and
tolerated other faiths
– Philadelphia: City of Brotherly
love (cause everybody got
along!)
– Got along with natives
7. What religious groups settled in New
England? Where did they settle? What
were their reasons for settlement?
12. What was the Half-way Covenant? Why
was it necessary?
14. Why did Massachusetts lose its
charter? How does this change the
relationship between the colonies and
England?
Becomes a royal colony
because of its reluctance to
recognize the British crown’s
authority >>> this limits the freedoms
of the colonists
15. What country settled in New York first? How did New
Amsterdam become New York?
16. Who settled Pennsylvania? Why? How did the settlers
of Pennsylvania treat Native Indians?
17. Why were the Middle Colonies more diverse than either
the Southern or New England colonies?
(pg. 59!!!!!)
#MCM
#kingphillip
#metacomet
who are these guys?
#powhatan
#NathanielBacon
• What is mercantilism?
• What are the benefits of mercantilism?
• Who benefits of mercantilism?
• What is the negative impact of
mercantilism?
The Triangle Trade
Draw this chart and fill in as we discuss
XXX
XXX
• How did trans-Atlantic trade develop?
• What raw materials were shipped from
North America to Europe?
• What about Europe to America?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Roots of Slavery (How did it begin?)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter1.shtml
Timeline of Slavery
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9generic3.shtml
The Journey
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/9chapter5.shtml
Middle Passage
1-3 month journey
Separated from
family and villages
Did not share a language
Branded with hot irons
Jammed into a dark
and crowded ship hold
(3feet 3 inches high)
Urine, fesses, birth,
and death were
everywhere
10% of captures did
not survive
Slaves in the Northern colonies
Small minority
Why?
Farmhands, dockworkers,
sailors, house servants
Some success stories – Phillis Wheatley
-Slave from west Africa
-Worked for a Boston tailor,
wrote a book of poems that her
owner helped to get published
-And was freed
Slaves in the southern colonies
Sometimes outnumbered
White settlers
Ability to develop culture:
• separated from whites
•Able to practice African traditions
And blend it with their new
Found Christianity
•Created music with banjos,
Rattles and drums
Raised labor
intensive crops:
Tobacco, rice,
Indigo, sugar
30. Give two examples of
African-American culture in the
colonies.
• http://www.pbs.org/wnet/slavery/experienc
e/education/history.html
Africans in the colonies
• Started = indentured servants, being freed
after a few years of service
• Later = permanently enslaved Africans –
due to Bacon’s Rebellion
Crash Course
“The Atlantic
Slave Trade”
• “I was soon put down under
the decks, and there I received
such a salutation in my nostrils as I
had never experienced in my life:
so that, with the loathsomeness of
the stench, and crying together, I
became so sick and low that I was
not able to eat, nor had I the least
desire to taste anything. I now
wished for the last friend, death, in
to relieve me…”
- Olaudah Equiano
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnV_MTFEGIY
27. Describe conditions on ships for enslaved Africans
being shipped to North America.
28. How did labor practices change from early settlement in
the 1600s to later colonies in the 1700s?
29. How did slavery in the New England and Middle
colonies differ from slavery in the Southern colonies?
30. Give two examples of African-American culture in the
colonies.