Chapter 13
Review: Personal Pronouns
• What is a personal pronoun?
– Word taking the place of a noun
which refers to a person or thing
• Marcus and Iulia love Iason.
– They love him.
• Vōs omnēs sunt amīcī.
• What is a possessive
adjective?
– Word that describes a noun to
show who possess it
– The walls of your city are high.
– Moenia urbis vestrae sunt alta.
Reflexive Pronouns
• Pronoun that reflects back to the subject
– Narcissus looks at himself in the pond.
– I cut myself with my sword.
• They all end in –self
• Reflexive pronouns refer to the subject.
• Thus, reflexive pronouns cannot be the
nominative.
• Therefore, what case are they missing?
Reflexive Pronouns Declension
• SAME as the personal pronouns we learned
last week but no nominatives!
• Example sentences:
– Ego laudo me.
– Nos laudamus nos.
– Laudas te.
– Laudatis vos.
New reflexive pronoun
• The third person reflexive pronoun is NEW! (this
takes the place of the is, ea, id chart)
• SAME for singular and plural
G: suī
D: sibi
AC: sē
AB: sē
• Ea laudat sē
• Eae laudant sē.
Usage
• Just like the personal pronouns the genitive does
NOT indicate possession
• To show possession use the REFLEXIVE,
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE suus, sua, suum/ meus/
tuus/ noster/ vester
– Cicero amicum suum laudat.
• Cicero praised his (own) friend
– Cicero amicus eius laudat.
• Cicero praised his (some other guy’s) friend
– Latin is much more specific than English in this regard!
The Intensive Pronoun
• Emphasizes a noun or
pronoun
• Translate “…self” or “the
very”
• I MYSELF went to the store
• Declension is just like ‘ille’
and the ‘naughty nine’
INTENSIVE PRONOUN:
ipse, ipsa, ipsum
m.
f.
n.
SINGULAR
Nom.
ipse
ipsa
ipsum
Gen.
ipsīus
ipsīus
ipsīus
Dat.
ipsī
ipsī
ipsī
Acc.
ipsum
ipsam
ipsum
Abl.
ipsō
ipsā
ipsō
Nom.
ipsi
ipsae
ipsa
etc.
etc.
etc.
etc.
PLURAL
(see Wheelock pg. 497)
Examples
• Brutus ipse mē nēcāvit. =
Brutus himself killed me.
• Brutus ipsōs agricolās nēcāvit. =
Brutus killed the farmers themselves.
• Ipse Brutum nēcāvī. =
I myself killed Brutus.