REVOLUTIONARY WAR * Topic/Objective Describe the 4 key battles of the Revolutionary War * Essential Question How did the Key battles of the Am Revolution result in the colonies independence from Britain? * Colonial Attempts to Avoid War – Nothing Worked 1) Boycotts: To avoid buying or using products as a protest 2) Diplomacy: Sending ambassadors to Britain to protest laws & taxes 3) Active Resistance: Direct disobedience Sons of Liberty Boston Tea Party *Battle of Lexington & Concord – April 1775 1) First battle of Revolution 2) 700 British troops sent to Concord w/orders to: Arrest Samuel Adams & John Hancock in Lex Capture colonial arms & gunpowder in Concord * Battle of Lexington & Concord – April 1775 3) “Midnight Ride” of Paul Revere to warn Patriots “the Br are coming” 4) Br were met by 70 Minutemen 8 Patriots killed near Lex 4,000 Patriots lined the road between Lex & Concord Br Redcoats forced to retreat back to Boston * Battle of Lexington & Concord – April 1775 5) Am Victory – Br Defeated Known as the “Shot Heard Round the World” The Revolution begins! * Declaration of Independence – July 4, 1776 1) Main author: Thomas Jefferson 2) Founding Document: Declared Am Colonies independent & free from Britain Declaration of Independence – July 4, 1776 “Chain of Abuses” = a list of the colonies grievances (complaints) vs. England. Stated people had the right to overthrow an unjust gov’t. * George Washington 1) Plantation Owner from Virginia 2) Farmer, Surveyor, Military 3) Elected Commander of the Continental Army 4) One of our Founding Fathers 5) Considered a great leader * Battle of Trenton - December 1776 1) The Battle Surprise Attack on Christmas night Washington led his troops across the icy Delaware River to Trenton Br soldiers & Hessians (hired German soldiers) were camped Most were asleep from drinking & holiday celebrating * Battle of Trenton - December 1776 2) Significance of this battle Washington’s 1st major victory Boosted colonial morale Renewed colonists’ faith in George Washington As a result, Continental Army gained more recruits * Battles of Saratoga – Aug to Oct 1777 1) The Battles Saratoga - Located near Albany, NY 17,000 American vs. 17,000 British troops Continental Army won * Battles of Saratoga – Aug to Oct 1777 * Battles of Saratoga – Aug to Oct 1777 2) Significance: “Turning point of the war” Stopped Britain from splitting the colonies into two regions Convinced European nations that Am colonies could defeat Britain Convinced France to become an ally; Fr sends $$ & troops to aid the colonists * Battle of Yorktown – Aug 1781 1) The Battle Yorktown - Located in Virginia British General Cornwallis marched Br Army North to be picked up by Br Navy Fr ships blockaded the Bay; kept Br fleet from rescuing Gen C & his troops Fr ships bombarded Br troops Br trapped by Fr and Am troops * Battle of Yorktown – Aug 1781 2) Significance of the Battle Final Battle; ends the Rev War Colonists would not have won w/o French military support Br Gen C surrenders in great shame G Washington & Continental Army declare VICTORY! * Benjamin Franklin 1) Multi-talented individual: Printer, scientist, inventor, & Am ambassador 2) Helped edit the Dec of Independence 3) Traveled to France during the Rev War to seek help from the Fr Gov’t 4) Helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris * Treaty of Paris -1783 1) The Peace Treaty Official end of the Am Rev Peace talks took place in Paris, France Negotiated by Ben Franklin, John Adams, & John Jay. * Treaty of Paris - 1783 2) Outcomes: Terms of the Treaty Colonies gain freedom from Br rule US recognized as an independent country US boundaries moved: W to the Mississippi River, N to Canada, & S to Florida Each side would repay debts it owed the other W