Biological
Molecules
SWBAT:
Identify structure and
function of carbohydrates
Standard – 10a
Macromolecules
 An
atom is the simplest form of matter
 A molecule is a specific arrangement of
atoms grouped together
 A macromolecule is a molecule made up
of several repeating subunits called
monomers
 When the monomers are combined you
have a polymer
 The polymer is the macromolecule
Group 1 - Carbohydrates
 Carbohydrates
is a term that describes a
molecule which has one carbon for every
water molecule
 Carbo = carbon
 Hydrate = water
 Ratio CH2O (1C:2H:1O)
 Function

Main energy source
Monomer - Monosaccharide
A
monomer is a small repeating unit by itself
 Monomer of carbohydrate = monosaccharide

Ex. Glucose, Fructose, Galactose, Deoxyribose
and Ribose
2 Examples of Carbohydrates
Disaccharide
 Di
means two. In this case 2 monomers
bonded together
 Disaccharide = 2 monosaccharides bonded
together

Ex. Lactose, Sucrose, Maltose
 When
monomers come together (bond) to
form a polymer the process is called
polymerization
Example of a disaccharide
Polymer - Polysaccharide
A
polymer is more than 2 monomers
bonded together
 Polymer = Polysaccharide
 Ex. Starch, Cellulose, Glycogen
 Starch and Cellulose are found in plants.
Humans cannot digest Cellulose
 Glycogen is found in Humans
 Both Starch and Glycogen are
carbohydrates that are used for
energy storage
Polysaccharide Example
 How
Many Monosaccharides Make Up
This Carbohydrate?
Polysaccharide Example
3
chains of linear cellulose polymer chains
Carbohydrate Summary Chart
Fill in the chart below:
Elements
Name of
monomer
Picture of
monomer
Name of
polymer
Carbohydrates
Write a paragraph summarizing your chart.
Use these terms in your paragraph:
monosaccharide
polysaccharide
disaccharide
monomer
polymer
ratio
*** give at least one example for a mono-, di- and polysaccharide ***