Review for Test 3
Review
• Birth of Islam
– Muhammad
– Flees Mecca - Hijra
– Qur’an, Hadith, Sunna
• Five Pillars of Islam
– There is one god, and
Muhammad is his prophet
– Prayer 5 times daily
– Fasting, and observance of
Dietary prohibitions
– Almsgiving to the poor
– If possible, must make a
pilgrimage to Mecca
• The Early Caliphate
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Abu Bakr
Umar (Omar)
Ali
Shi’ites (Shi’a)
Sunni
• Umayyad Dynasty
– Muawiya
– Afghanistan to Spain
Review
• Franks
– Pippin I - Pepin the Elder
• Mayor of the Palace
– Charles “The Hammer”
Martel
• Battle of Tours / Battle of
Poitiers
• East-West Church
– Iconoclasm
– Caesaropapism
• Pippin III - Pepin the
Short
– King of the Franks
– Pippin Vs. Lombards
• Papal States
• Tang Dynasty
– Well-field system
– Emperor Xuanzong
– Chan (Zen) Buddhism
• Greatest Single Foreign
Cultural Force
Review
• Japan
– Prince Shotoku
– Seventeen Point
Constitution
– Chinese influence
• Tale of the Genji
– World’s first novel
– Murasaki Shikibu
• Khmer / Kampuchea
– Ankor Wat
• Ghana
– Gold Trade
• The Abbasid Caliphate
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Rebellion
Abu al-Abbas
Baghdad
Harun al-Rashid
“Golden Age”
Averroës - Philosophy
al-Khwarizmi - Algebra
Avicenna - al-Qanun
Review
• The Carolingian Empire
– Charlemagne
– Missi Dominici
• “Agents of the Lord King”
– Holy Roman Emperor
• The Carolingian Renaissance
– Alcuin
– “Caroline minuscule”
• The Venerable Bede
– Ecclesiastical History of the
English People
– Calendar
• anno Domini – “in the year of
our Lord”
• The Slavs - Eastern Europe
– West Slavs - Poles, Czechs,
Slovaks, Wends
– South Slavs - Serbs, Croats,
Slovenes, Macedonians, and
Bosnians
– East Slavs - White Rus
(Ukranians, Belorussians),
Red Rus (Russians)
Review
• Division of the Franks
– Treaty of Verdun
• Invasions
– Magyars
– Muslims
– Vikings
• Kievan Rus
– Varangians (Vikings)
– Rurik – Circa 860
– Cyril and Methodius
• Cyrillic Alphabet
– Vladimir I
• Christianity
• The Byzantine Empire
– Macedonian Dynasty
• Basil I
• Anglo-Saxons (Early
England)
– The Danelaw
– Alfred the Great
• King of Wessex
• King of the Anglo-Saxons
Review
• Central Europe (Early
Germany)
– Otto I
• Battle of Lechfeld
• Holy Roman Emperor
– Holy Roman Empire
• Magyars / Hungarians
– Geza
– Stephen I
• West Francia (Early
France)
– Capetian Dynasty
• Hugh Capet
• Abbasid Caliphate
– Widening Shiite-Sunni split
– Fatimid expansion
– Buyid takeover
• Amir Mu'izz al-Dawla
• Song Dynasty
– Song Taizu
– Innovations
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Printing
Paper Currency
Abacus
Gunpowder
Review
• The Seven Sacraments
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Baptism
Confession
Confirmation
Communion
Holy Matrimony
Holy Orders
Anointing of the Sick /
Extreme Unction
• Feudalism / Serfdom
– Fief
– Serf
– Vassal
• Agriculture
– Three Field System
• Nobility
– Castles
– The Knights
• Chivalry
• Tournaments
• Medieval Trade
– Italian Cities
– Flanders
Review
• Education
– Bologna – First University
• Peter Abelard
– Sic et Non
• “Scholasticism”
• Thomas Aquinas
– Greatest of the Scholastics
– Summa Theologia
• East-West Schism / First
Great Schism - 1054
– Excommunication
– Eastern (Greek) Orthodox
– Roman Catholic
• Church Issues and Reform
– Pope Gregory VII
– Cardinals
– Lay Investiture
• Investiture Controversy
Review
• England
– Edward “The Confessor”
– Harold Godwinson
• Duke of Wessex
– William “The Conquerer”
• Duke of Normandy
– Battle of Hastings
• October 1066
– The Domesday Book
• Sicily
– Roger de Hautville
• The Seljuk Turks
– Abbasid Caliphate
– Capture of Jerusalem
– Byzantine Reaction
• The Crusades Begin
– Pope Urban II
– Indulgence
• The First Crusade
– Only truly successful
Crusade (for Europe)
Review
• Henry II of England
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Common law
Jury
Inheritance in France
Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury
• Holy Roman Empire
– House of Hohenstaufen
– Frederick I - “Frederick
Barbarossa”
– Roman Law
• The Third Crusade
– Saladin
– “Crusade of Kings”
• Richard the Lionhearted
• Phillip II Augustus
• Frederick Barbarossa
• Innocent III
– Most Powerful of the
Medieval Popes
• The Fourth Crusade
– Sacking of Constantinople
Review
• The Reconquista - “The
Reconquest”
• Religious Orders
– The Dominicans “Preaching Friars”
• St. Dominic
– The Franciscans - “Rule of
the Little Brothers of Saint
Francis”
• St. Francis of Assisi
– The “Poor Clares” - Order
of Poor Ladies
• Clare of Assisi
• Differences with Old
Orders
– Friars rather than Monks
– Stressed apostolic poverty
• mendicant orders
– Friars drew members from
small property owners and
shopkeeps
• The Battle of Bouvines
– Otto IV, Holy Roman
Emperor & John of England
– Phillip II of France
– Consequences for all three
powers
Review
• Phillip II Augustus of
France
– Unification
• John of England
– Meeting at Runnymede –
1215
– Magna Carta
• Frederick II, Holy Roman
Emperor
– Attempts at Unification
– Italian Invasion
• Mali
– Sundiata Kieta
– Mansa Munsa
• Wealth
• Islam
• The Mongols
– Temujin
– Genghis Kahn
– Conquests
– Ogedei
• Conquests
• Vienna
– Silk Road
Review
• Division of the Mongol
Empire
– Golden Horde
– Il-Khans
– Yuan Dynasty
• Kublai Khan
• Marco Polo
• Invasion of Japan
– Kamikaze
• Phillip IV “The Fair”
– Estates-General
• Unam Sanctum
• Assault on the Pope
• The Avignon Papacy
– Avignon, France
– “The Babylonian Captivity”
– 1309-1376
• Edward I “Longshanks”
– Wales & Scotland
– William Wallace
• Parliament – 1295
• Treaties of Paris
Review
• Edward III of England
• Phillip VI of France
• Hundred Years War
– Edwardian War
– Caroline War
– Lancastrian War
• Battles of HYW:
– Battle of Crecy - 1346
• English Longbow
– Battle of Poitiers - 1356
• Ransom French King
– Battle of Agincourt
• Henry V
– Battle of Orléans
• Joan of Arc
• Turning Point
• End of the Hundred Years War –
1453
• Legacy – Cannon
– Parliament Statue of 1341
– French National Identity
• The Black Death
– Bubonic Plague
– bacillus Yersinia pestis
– Origin
• China
• Genoese trading
– Consequences
• Inflation
• Higher standard of living
• Universities
Review
• Great Schism
– Papal or Western Schism
• Calls for Reform
– Lollards - John Wycliffe
– Hussites - Jan Huss
• Conciliarism
• Council of Pisa
– 1409-1410
• Council of Constance
– 1414-1417
– Martin V
– Jan Huss
• Ottoman Turks
– Expansion
• Tamerlane
– “Timur the lame”
• Sultan Mehmed II
• Fall of Constantinople
– May 1453
Possible Short ID / Essay Questions
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Consequences of the Hundred Years War
Consequences of the Black Death
Five Pillars of Islam
Seven Catholic Sacraments
Differences between Eastern and Western Church
Three Field System
Explanation of Feudalism
Differences Between Friars Vs. Monks
Beliefs of Reformers (John Wycliffe of Jan Huss)
Chinese Inventions