January 4, 2016 ST 311_601 Spring 2016 IMPORTANT!! Your grade will be determined by your performance in three required assessment activities: 1). Homework that can be accessed at https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/ 2). Mastery Points that can be earned at our course content, multimedia learning aids, and mastery points quizzes website 3). Exams: two midterm exams and a final exam taken locally at the distance education proctoring center or arranged at a remote site. For more details see How Your Grade is Determined on p. 6. Course end date: 11:59 pm Wednesday May 4, 2016. **WARNING! WARNING!** Do not over-schedule! This course requires at least as much of your time as a traditional lecture-driven course. Do NOT assume that it can be ignored in your time-management plans for the semester just because it is a distance education class. Be realistic in your planning; for example, you probably cannot take 16 hours and work 2 parttime jobs just because this course constitutes 3 of the 16 hours. As we proceed through the semester remember that procrastination on your part does not constitute an emergency on my part. READ ALL THE INFORMATION BELOW. CAREFULLY FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR REGISTERING AT OUR COURSE-CONTENT-MULTIMEDIA-LEARNING-AIDS-AND-MASTERY-POINTS WEBSITE. ***************************************************************************************** COURSE INFORMATION QUICK-FIND TABLE (point to link and press Ctrl+click) Course Text Webassign Homework Academic Integrity Policy Webassign Homework Due Dates How Grades are Determined Mastery Points Exams Syllabus Greetings! Welcome to ST 311! I hope your enrollment in this course proves to be a very positive experience for you. It is very important that you read this letter and the accompanying course information material in their entirety so that you are properly informed of all details concerning the administration of the course. I will be sending you courserelated email throughout the semester, but if you have a question at any time, email me at reilteam@aol.com, or call (919) 515-1939 (email is preferred). Course information and important advice on how to be successful in this course are available on the web at http://www.stat.ncsu.edu/people/reiland/courses/st311/ To take the course you will have to frequently access the following two web sites: i) ST 311-601 Introduction to Statistics Spring 2016 course content website at course content, multimedia learning aids, and mastery points quizzes website ii) WebAssign (an NCSU web-based homework/exam delivery, collection, grading and recording system) at https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/login.html IMPORTANT: 1) PURCHASE WEBASSIGN ACCESS! The use of WebAssign requires an online credit card transaction to purchase access. The cost for WebAssign access will be approximately $23 for each class; there is a reduced rate for All Class Access if you are enrolled in 3 or more classes that use webassign. Access can be purchased online after logging into WebAssign; I cannot distribute access codes to students in the class. There is a grace period at the beginning of the semester that enables you to use ST 311_601 Course Information page 2 WebAssign for free; the grace period ends at midnight EDT Monday Jan. 18. After this time you cannot use WebAssign unless you have purchased access. 2) REGISTER AT THE COURSE CONTENT WEBSITE! To register so you can access all the course content, learning aids, and mastery points quizzes, follow the directions in this file; use the following course id: Course ID: reiland63503 After you have registered and enrolled, you are ready to log in to our course. To log in and access our course: Go to course content, learning aids, and mastery points quizzes website and click the Sign In button. Enter the login name and password you created during registration. You will be taken to the course content website ST 311-601 Introduction to Statistics Spring 2016-- the online learning environment that corresponds to our Stats: Data and Models text. Click and explore this website; it has a wealth of information and learning aids that will help you succeed in the course. ********************************************************************************************** ST 311_601 is a self-paced (to some extent) course during the semester in which it is offered. Due dates for homework will assist you in maintaining a steady work pace throughout the semester and increase the benefit you derive from the course. Since topics later in the course depend on material introduced earlier in the course, you would find yourself quickly overwhelmed if you attempted to cover everything in a short period at the end of the semester. The deadline for completing the final exam and earning the mastery points is 11:59 pm Wednesday May 4, 2016. TEXT Two purchase options: 1. Recommended purchase option Purchase an ebook version of the text by making an online credit card purchase at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website; follow the directions after clicking STUDENT under Register, or follow the directions in this file; use the course id reiland63503. The cost is approximately $95 for one year of access. This purchase includes the ebook and access to a wide variety of high-quality multimedia-enhanced course content and learning aids. (videos of worked examples, powerpoint slides for each chapter, video clips, interactive activities, java applets, and more) to assist students. 2. Alternative purchase option Purchase a traditional version of our course text Stats: Data and Models (with MyStatLab Student Access Card and The ActivStats DVD), by Richard DeVeaux, Paul Velleman and David Bock, 4th ed., 2016. Addison Wesley Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-0-133-95649-8. New and used copies of the text are available at the NCSU Bookstore. New copies of the text purchased at the NCSU Bookstore include at no extra charge the MyStatLab Student Access Card that, with the course id reiland63503, gives the student access to our online course content website at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website. IMPORTANT: MyStatLab Student Access Cards included with used copies of the text will not be usable. Students who purchase used copies will need to use a credit card to purchase access to the course content website at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website by following the directions above under Recommended purchase option. New copies of the text purchased on the internet or at other bookstores will not include a MyStatLab Access Card unless the book has the same isbn shown above. ST 311_601 Course Information page 3 VERY IMPORTANT: ALL students will need to access our course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website course website to complete auto-generated 5-question quizzes to earn mastery points; mastery points are a required component of your final course grade. ACTIVSTATS If you purchase a text with the ActivStats DVD, you’ll want to set up ActivStats on your computer. To begin using ActivStats, use the setup program for the ActivStats DVD that will appear on your screen after you place the ActivStats DVD in your CD/DVD drive. During setup you will be asked to enter the serial number on a card that came in the pocket with the ActivStats DVD. Do not throw this card away! Keep it for possible future use! During the ActivStats DVD setup make sure that the “Supplementary Text” is Stats: Data and Models by Deveaux, Velleman, Brock. You will not have to enter the serial number every time you start ActivStats on the same computer, but if you have to re-install ActivStats or desire to install it on another computer you will need the serial number. Note that to run ActivStats the ActivStats DVD must be in the CD/DVD drive. The Introduction chapter on the ActivStats DVD will acquaint you with all the features and "bells and whistles" on the disk. SOFTWARE: EXCEL, DATADESK, AND STATCRUNCH Statistics is not a spectator sport! In this course you will be doing statistics rather than listening to someone talk about doing statistics. The main tools that will facilitate your involvement are one or more of the following: Excel, your graphing calculator, if you have one (you do not need to purchase a graphing calculator for this course), the DataDesk statistics software package included on the ActivStats DVD, or Statcrunch. It is very important, especially for Mac users, that you read the information in the Computers/Calculators section of our class webpage concerning the use of Excel and Statcrunch. Statcrunch is available online at two locations: 1) http://statcrunch.stat.ncsu.edu/ (Unity login required), and 2) our course content, learning aids, and mastery points quizzes website (click on “Statcrunch” in the left column, then click “view data from text”). Statcrunch is a cloud-based award-winning spreadsheet-type statistics program that is superior to Excel for doing statistics. You will use these tools in many of the homework problems to analyze interesting real-world data sets included with the problem. After completing this course many students have found Statcrunch and DataDesk to be very useful in subsequent courses and in their work. HOMEWORK The homework activity consists of two required components: i) 12 webassign assignments; ii) 15 mastery points earned by taking 5-question quizzes at the ST 311-601 Introduction To Statistics Spring 2016 course content, learning aids, and mastery points quizzes website. A mastery point quiz consists of 5 questions associated with a specific textbook chapter objective. See the Course Information section below for more details concerning the webassign assignments and mastery points. Students are encouraged to discuss the homework problems; you can learn a great deal from each other. Each webassign homework assignment will have its own forum on webassign to encourage and facilitate discussion of the homework. However, the actual submissions of the answers must be done independently. ST 311_601 Course Information page 4 WEBASSIGN HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS There will be twelve 30-point assignments during the semester with due dates shown below. Each assignment must be submitted by 11:59 pm on the due date; after its due date an assignment will no longer be accessible and answers cannot be submitted. Webassign at https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/login.html will be used to administer the assignments. Assignment Submit No Later Than: Homework 1 Mon. Jan. 18, 2016 Homework 2 Mon. Jan. 25, 2016 Homework 3 Mon. Feb. 1, 2016 Homework 4 Mon. Feb. 8, 2016 Exam 1 Mon. Feb. 8 – Mon. Feb. 15 (75 minute time limit) Homework 5 Mon. Feb. 22, 2016 Homework 6 Mon. Feb. 29, 2016 Homework 7 Mon. March 14, 2016 Homework 8 Mon. March 21, 2016 Exam 2 Mon. Mar. 21 – Mon. Mar. 28 (75 minute time limit) Homework 9 Mon. April 4, 2016 Homework 10 Mon. April 11, 2016 Homework 11 Mon. April 18, 2016 Homework 12 Mon. April 25, 2016 Final Exam Wed. April 27 – Wed. May 4 (3 hour time limit). EXAMS There are 2 midterm exams and a final exam . The exams are administered through the Distance Education Exam Proctoring Facility located on NC State’s Centennial Campus. The exams are scheduled for the following time periods: first midterm exam: Mon. Feb. 8 – Mon. Feb. 15; (75 minute time limit). second midterm exam: Mon. March 21 – Mon. March 28; (75 minute time limit). final exam: Wed. April 27 – Wed. May 4; (3 hour time limit). Exams at the Proctoring Facility are administered on a walk-in basis (see links immediately below). Students in the Raleigh area (within 50 miles) should make use of the local proctoring option. Students outside the Raleigh area should make use of the remote site proctoring option; the Proctoring Facility will assist you with the process of finding a suitable exam proctor in your area. A suitable proctor is typically someone currently employed in a professional or managerial occupation and preferably a representative from a university, college, or school in an academic or administrative capacity. The Course Information document below contains the syllabus and more detailed information about grading, exams, and homework. I wish you a good semester and success in the course. GOOD LUCK! Sincerely, Thomas W. Reiland Thomas W. Reiland Associate Professor, Statistics and Operations Research reilteam@aol.com ST 311_601 Course Information page 5 COURSE INFORMATION STATISTICS 311_601 DISTANCE EDUCATION INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS "We shall not cease from exploration and the end of all of our exploring will be to arrive where we started and to know the place for the first time." T. S. Eliot IMPORTANT!! Your grade will be determined by your performance in three required assessment activities: 1). Homework that can be accessed at https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/ 2). Mastery Points that can be earned at our course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website 3). Exams: two midterm exams and a final exam taken locally at the distance education proctoring center or arranged at a remote site. For more details see How Your Grade is Determined on p. 7. The deadline for completing the final exam and earning mastery points is 11:59 pm Wednesday May 6, 2016. READ ALL THE INFORMATION BELOW. CAREFULLY FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR REGISTERING AT THE COURSECOMPASS WEBSITE AND FOR INSTALLING THE ACTIVSTATS CD. ************************************************************************************* To register so you can access all the course content, learning aids, and mastery points quizzes, follow the directions in this file; use the following course id: Course ID: reiland63503. After you have registered and enrolled, you are ready to log in to our course. Instructor: Thomas W. Reiland, 5278 SAS Hall, Tel. 919-515-1939, Fax 919-782-5204; Email: reilteam@aol.com personal homepage: http://www4.stat.ncsu.edu/~reiland/ class homepage: http://www.stat.ncsu.edu/people/reiland/courses/st311/ course content homepage: course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website WebAssign: https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/ Course Description: ST 311-601 is NOT a math course. The central theme of the course is to help you learn to understand the world from data. Specifically, the course will enable you to: i) incorporate statistical thinking into your everyday lives; ii) acquire the necessary data-gathering, data-analysis, and interpretation/communication expertise to meet the challenges of a more demanding cognitive global environment. “Beyond the formula” skills are emphasized. This course will require you to: think critically, be skeptical, think about variation (rather than just about the center), move beyond a “memorize the answer” approach, and think about conditional probabilities and rare events (humans just don’t do the latter very well). Some mathematical skill is required to work with elementary statistics (basic high school algebra is the mathematical prerequisite), but mathematical manipulations will be replaced by relying on technology for the calculations and graphics; this will allow more emphasis to be placed on the “beyond the formula” skills mentioned above. This course requires more intellectual effort than the low mathematical level suggests! It is related to every other course you may study. The course is elementary in mathematical level but conceptually rich in statistical ideas and serious in its aim to improve your data-analytic skills and your ability to apply statistical methods with understanding. You can choose from three formats to view and learn the course material: the course textbook Stats: Data and Models, the award-winning interactive multimedia ActivStats DVD bundled with the text, and an online version of the text at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website. You can tailor the course to suit your particular learning style by “mixing and matching” these sources of course ST 311_601 Course Information page 6 content throughout the semester. The Stats: Data and Models text has short, teachable chapters and an approachable, colloquial style that makes the text very readable. The organization, notation, and content of the ActivStats DVD exactly match the Intro Stats text. Each chapter on the ActivStats DVD consists of a rich, multimedia presentation that enables the student to interact with the examples and ideas as they are presented. The high-quality interactive nature of the ActivStats DVD allows the student to tailor each chapter to suit his or her learning style. The course web site matches the organization of the Stats: Data and Models text and includes the actual book online with links to a wide variety of resources available to students. Course Text: Students have two textbook options: 1. Superior, Strongly Recommended purchase option Purchase an ebook version of the text by making an online credit card purchase at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website; follow the directions after clicking STUDENT under Register, or follow the directions in this file; use the course id reiland63503 The cost is approximately $95 for one year of access. This purchase includes the ebook and access to a wide variety of high-quality multimedia-enhanced course content and learning aids. (Quicktime movies of worked examples, powerpoint slides for each chapter, video clips, interactive activities, java applets, and more) to assist students. 2. Alternative purchase option Purchase a traditional version of our course text Stats: Data and Models (with MyStatLab Student Access Card and The ActivStats DVD), by Richard DeVeaux, Paul Velleman and David Bock, 4th ed., 2016. Addison Wesley Publishing Co., ISBN: 978-0-133-95649-8. New and used copies of the text are available at the NCSU Bookstore. New copies of the text purchased at the NCSU Bookstore include at no extra charge the MyStatLab Student Access Card that, with the course id reiland36014, gives the student access to our online course content website at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website. IMPORTANT: MyStatLab Student Access Cards included with used copies of the text will not be usable. Students who purchase used copies will need to use a credit card to purchase access to the course content website at course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website by following the directions above under Recommended purchase option. New copies of the text purchased on the internet or at other bookstores will not include a MyStatLab Access Card unless the book has the same isbn shown above. VERY IMPORTANT: ALL students will need to access our course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website course website to complete auto-generated 5-question quizzes to earn mastery points; the successful completion of these exercises is one component of your final course grade. Back to Quick-Find Table Academic Integrity Policy: Any form of academic misconduct is a violation of the Student Code of Conduct and will not be tolerated. Academic misconduct may be defined as "any activity which tends to compromise the academic integrity of the institution, or subvert the educational process". I expect complete honesty in the completion of webassign homework and tracked tutorial exercises. The student's electronic submission of assigned work means that the student neither gave nor received unauthorized aid. Cheating on an exam or webassign homework at the least will result in an F in the course. Students are encouraged to discuss webassign homework and tracked tutorial exercises with each other; however, submission of the answers must be done independently. Violations of this rule will not be tolerated and will be considered cheating. Further details on academic integrity are in NC State University's Code of Student Conduct at http://www.ncsu.edu/student_conduct. Also note the existence of the University policy on academic integrity found in the Code of Student Conduct (in Appendix L of the Handbook for Advising and Teaching and at University Policy on Academic Integrity (see paragraphs 6 and 9).. ST 311_601 Course Information page 7 Back to Quick-Find Table How Your Grade is Determined: For grade determination purposes, each midterm exam is 125 points and the final exam is 150 points; each webassign homework has 30 possible points; each “mastery point” is worth 10 course points. The point totals for each component are shown below: Exams 400 points (2 midterms @ 100, 125 pts., final @ 175 pts.) Webassign homework 360 points (12 assignments @ 30 pts. each) Mastery Points 150 points (15 mastery points @ 10 pts. each) Total 910 points Your grade in the course is assigned according to the percentages shown in the table below. The percentage score, rounded to 2 decimal places, is determined by summing your exam score (400 total points possible), your webassign homework score (360 total points possible) and mastery points (150 total points possible) and dividing this sum by 910. The webassign homework is posted online at webassign, https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/ . The “mastery points” are earned by passing short autogenerated quizzes at the ST 311-601 Introduction to Statistics Spring 2016 course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website (click on Mastery Points in the left panel). Exam, homework, and mastery point details are explained below the grade table. GRADING SCALE PERCENTAGES F <60 D60.00 -62.49 D 62.50 -67.49 D+ 67.50 -69.99 C70.00 -72.49 C 72.50 -77.49 C+ 77.50 -79.99 B80.00 -82.49 B 82.50 -87.49 B+ 87.50 -89.99 A90.00 92.49 A 92.50 -97.99 A+ 98.00 -100 Back to Beginning Back to Course Information Top Back to Quick-Find Table Exams: There are 2 midterm exams and a final exam. The following textbook chapters are covered on the exams: first midterm exam: chapters 1-8 and 10-11; the topics in these chapters are covered in webassign homework assignments 1-4. second midterm exam: chapters 13-14 and 17-19, 21, 22.1-22.4; the topics in these chapters are covered in webassign homework assignments 5-8. Final exam: chapters 20, 22.5-22.6, 23-25; the topics in these chapters are covered in webassign homework assignments 9-12. For each exam you are allowed one 8½ × 11 formula/definition sheet (you can write on both sides); on this sheet write any formulas or definitions you think you will need for the exam. You are also allowed to use a hand-held calculator. The exams are closed book. The exams are administered through the Distance Education Exam Proctoring Facility located on NC State’s Centennial Campus. The exams are scheduled for the following time periods: first midterm exam: Mon. Feb. 8 – Mon. Feb. 15; (75 minute time limit) second midterm exam: Mon. March 21 – Mon. March 28; (75 minute time limit) final exam: Wed. April 27 – Wed. May 4; (3 hour time limit) The Proctoring Facility (see links immediately below) administers the exams on a walk-in basis, no appointments are necessary. Students in the Raleigh area should make use of the local proctoring option. Students outside the Raleigh area should make use of the remote site proctoring option; the Proctoring Facility will assist you with the process of finding a suitable remote exam proctor. Back to Quick-Find Table Webassign homework: The webassign homework assignments will be posted with due dates at webassign, https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/ . Obtaining answers on webassign homework questions from other individuals or giving answers on a question to another student in the class are not allowed. However, student-to-student cooperation and communication is encouraged. For each assignment a forum will be set up on webassign where students can exchange comments and questions about the homework problems. ST 311_601 Course Information page 8 There will be twelve 30-point assignments to complete during the semester. You will be allowed multiple attempts to correctly answer questions that are not true/false- or yes/no-type questions. Webassign provides you with immediate feedback when you submit an answer to a question. After its due date an assignment will no longer be accessible. After logging on to webassign, the homework assignments can be accessed by clicking on the “My Classes” drop-down menu on the upper left side of the page and choosing ST 311 section 601 Spring 2016. Webassign homework will be open book and “open computer”. This is not a “cookbook” course where you must memorize mysterious formulas since this is not how you will apply the material to other courses or your profession. You are allowed to use any software (Excel, statcrunch, etc.), calculator, and statistical table when answering a webassign homework question. You do not have to complete an assignment in a single sitting; you are allowed to logout and complete the assignment at a later time prior to the due date. Back to Quick-Find Table Mastery Points: “Mastery points” are the other homework component of the course in addition to the webassign homework. Mastery points are accessed at ST 311-601 Introduction to Statistics Spring 2016, our course content, multimedia learning aids and mastery points quizzes website (click on Mastery Points on the left side of the course content homepage). You should strive to earn 15 mastery points to satisfy objectives in chapters 17 – 25 of the text. You earn a mastery point by “mastering” a topic objective. You master a topic objective by scoring 80% or higher on a 5-question (or less) auto-generated quiz dealing with that topic. The auto-generated quizzes consist of fill-in-the-blank and multiple-choice questions. You are allowed to take an auto-generated quiz on a particular topic as many times as necessary to earn the mastery point for that topic. IMPORTANT: if you do not achieve 80% on the auto-generated quiz for a particular topic, before you can retake the quiz for that topic you must attempt at least 1 additional practice problem. Each of the chapters 17 – 25 has several topic objectives; in all there are 40 topic objectives in chapters 17 – 25. You can choose any 15 topic objectives from chapters 17 through 25 to master to earn your 15 mastery points. There are no specific deadlines for earning mastery points. As you earn mastery points, your performance is automatically tracked at the ST 311-601 Introduction to Statistics Spring 2016 website in the MyStatLab grade book. IMPORTANT! DO NOT WAIT UNTIL THE END OF THE SEMESTER TO BEGIN EARNING MASTERY POINTS FOR CHAPTERS 18 - 27. TO MAXIMIZE THE BENEFIT OF WHAT YOU LEARN BY EARNING MASTERY POINTS, PARTICULARLY FOR EXAM PERFORMANCE, EARN THE MASTERY POINTS WHEN YOU INITIALLY COVER EACH OF THE CHAPTERS 18 - 27. YOU LEARN STATISTICS BY DOING STATISTICS. Each mastery point will contribute 10 points towards your course grade. Therefore you can earn as many as 150 points towards your final course grade by mastering 15 topic objectives of your choice from chapters 17 through 25. See How your course grade is determined. For each topic objective there are practice problems to assist you in mastering the topic objective material before taking the auto-generated quiz. The practice problems are an excellent learning tool since you receive immediate feedback on your answers. You are given three chances to answer a question correctly before your answer is graded as “incorrect”. If a question is graded as “incorrect”, you can choose “Similar exercise” to ST 311_601 Course Information page 9 get another chance to answer a similar question correctly. You can repeat this process as often as you like until you correctly answer the question. Back to Quick-Find Table WEBASSIGN HOMEWORK SCHEDULE There will be twelve 30-point assignments during the semester with due dates shown below. Each assignment must be submitted by 11:59 pm on the due date; after its due date an assignment will no longer be accessible and answers cannot be submitted. Webassign at https://www.webassign.net/ncsu/login.html will be used to administer the assignments. Assignment Submit No Later Than: Homework 1 Mon. Jan. 18, 2016 Homework 2 Mon. Jan. 25, 2016 Homework 3 Mon. Feb. 1, 2016 Homework 4 Mon. Feb. 8, 2016 Exam 1 Mon. Feb. 8 – Mon. Feb. 15 (75 minute time limit) Homework 5 Mon. Feb. 22, 2016 Homework 6 Mon. Feb. 29, 2016 Homework 7 Mon. March 14, 2016 Homework 8 Mon. March 21, 2016 Exam 2 Mon. Mar. 21 – Mon. Mar. 28 (75 minute time limit) Homework 9 Mon. April 4, 2016 Homework 10 Mon. April 11, 2016 Homework 11 Mon. April 18, 2016 Homework 12 Mon. April 25, 2016 Final Exam Wed. April 27 – Wed. May 4 (3 hour time limit). Back to Quick-Find Table SEE NEXT PAGE FOR TOPIC COVERAGE AND TEXT CHAPTERS TO VIEW THE SYLLABUS (NCSU COMMON FORM) CLICK THE LINK OF THE SAME NAME IN THE LEFT PANEL OF OUR CLASS WEBPAGE ST 311_601 Course Information page 10 Syllabus Text: Stats: Data and Models by Richard Deveaux, Paul Velleman, David Bock, 4th ed., 2016, Pearson ST 311_601 Introduction to Statistics "But where shall I begin?" asked Alice. "Begin at the beginning," the King said gravely, "and go on till you come to the end; then stop." Lewis Carroll, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland PART I Exploring and Understanding Data CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5 PART II Stats Starts Here Displaying and Describing Categorical Data Displaying and Summarizing Quantitative Data Understanding and Comparing Distributions The Standard Deviation as a Ruler and the Normal Model Exploring Relationships Between Variables CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 9 Scatterplots, Association, and Correlation Linear Regression Regression Wisdom Re-expressing Data: Get It Straight! PART III Gathering Data CHAPTER 10 CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER 12 Understanding Randomness Sample Surveys Experiments and Observational Studies PART IV Randomness and Probability CHAPTER 13 CHAPTER 14 CHAPTER 15 CHAPTER 16 From Randomness to Probability Probability Rules! Random Variables Probability Models PART V From the Data at Hand to the World at Large CHAPTER 17 CHAPTER 18 CHAPTER 19 CHAPTER 20 CHAPTER 21 Sampling Distribution Models Confidence Intervals for Proportions Testing Hypotheses about Proportions Inferences About Means More About Tests and Intervals PART VI Accessing Associations Between Variables CHAPTER 22 CHAPTER 23 CHAPTER 24 CHAPTER 25 Comparing Groups Paired Samples and Blocks Comparing Counts Inferences for Regression PART VII Inference When Variables Are Related CHAPTER 26 CHAPTER 27 CHAPTER 28 Back to Quick-Find Table Analysis of Variance Multifactor Analysis of Variance Multiple Regression