Archetypes
Agree or Disagree?
• As the following statements
appear on the screen, note on
your paper “agree” or
“disagree.”
1. There is no such thing as a completely original idea.
2. Certain symbols mean the same thing to everyone.
3. Everyone can agree on what is right and what is
wrong.
4. Everyone is capable of doing evil.
5. Symbols and dreams mean different things to every
person.
6. There is a knowledge we are all born with that
influences our experiences and behavior.
7. People have been acting the same way since time
began.
8. Human behavior is the same across different cultures.
9. Stereotypes are real and valid.
10. Every story contains the same characters.
Carl Jung
• Psychiatrist that advanced
the idea of archetypes.
• Collective Unconscious:
– All cultures use archetypes
to build their stories without
communicating with one
another about them.
Folklore and Myths
• As generations of people passed stories
down through both oral storytelling and
eventually the written word, archetypes
became clearly visible.
• The archetypes are characters that
represent patterns of behavior and even
stereotypes.
• They are characters that everyone can
recognize and understand.
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So What is an
Archetype?
Archetypes are patterns that can be, and
are, copied.
They are symbols or characters that appear
again and again in myths and literature.
They survive because they portray
characters, conflicts and events that are
timeless.
They help the reader to understand the
theme of the work.
Archetypes
• Characteristics that you see repeated over
and over again in different stories and media
form an archetype.
• Some classic examples of archetypes are:
– The hero
– The damsel in distress
– The battle between good and evil
Recognizing Archetypes
Recognizing Archetypes
Recognizing Archetypes
Situational Archetypes
Situational archetypes are
plot events that we see
repeated in numerous
works of literature, movies,
and other forms of
entertainment.
The Quest
A Search for someone or some object, which when
it is found and brought back will restore life to a
wasted land.
The Task
To save the kingdom, to win the fair lady, the
hero performs some superhuman deed.
The Initiation
The awakening of a teenager or an initiation into
adult life.
The Journey
The hero goes in search of some truth or
information to restore life to the kingdom. He
must descend into a real or psychological hell and
is forced to discover the blackest truths about
himself. He must then decide to return to the
world of the living.
The Fall
Characters experience a loss of innocence
and often experience expulsion from a
kind of paradise as a penalty for
disobedience.
Death and Rebirth
Deals with the similarities between the cycle of
nature and life; morning and springtime represent
birth, youth, or rebirth; evening and winter
suggest old age or death.
Nature vs. Mechanistic World
Nature is good while technology and society are
often evil.
Battle Between Good and Evil
Good triumphs over evil despite great odds,
keeping mankind hopeful.
The Wound that Won’t Heal
A wound that is either physical or psychological;
it cannot be healed fully; indicates a loss of
innocence; always aches.
The Ritual
Ceremony that marks a new stage in life
(weddings, funerals, coronations)
Symbolic Archetypes
Places or objects that carry the same
meaning across different storylines.
People understand what they mean and what
they represent because of their prevalence
in literature and media.
Light vs. Darkness
Light suggests hope, renewal, or intellectual
illumination; darkness suggests the unknown,
ignorance, or despair.
Water vs. Desert
Water is necessary to life and growth and so it
appears as a birth or rebirth symbol; the
appearance or rain in a work can suggest spiritual
birth or rebirth. Characters who live in the desert
are often dead to morals or the good side.
Heaven vs. Hell
Gods live in the skies or mountaintops, evil forces
live in the bowels of the earth.
Infinite Wisdom vs. Educated
Stupidity
Uneducated characters can often be wise using
their common sense while some very educated
characters have no common sense.
Supernatural Intervention
The gods most often intervene on the side of the
hero to assist him in his quest.
Heaven vs. Wilderness
For the hero, places of safety are required for time
to regain health and resources. These hideouts
are usually in unusual places.
Fire vs. Ice
Fire can represent knowledge, light, life, and rebirth
while ice can represent ignorance, darkness,
sterility, and death
Magic Weapon
Some object used to fight the forces of evil that has
magical properties
Character Archetypes
These character types are seen in various
stories, movies, and other forms of
entertainment.
They are easily recognizable and have
common traits that we can predict.
The Hero
Mother is sometimes a virgin, circumstances of
birth are unusual, some attempt is made at birth
to kill him; raised by foster parents, returns to
kingdom to right wrongs; body may be burned
rather than buried.
Young Man from the Provinces
Hero is taken away as a young man and raised by
strangers; when he returns home, he can view
problems objectively and can solve them more
easily than others.
The Initiate
Young heroes or heroines who go through training;
usually innocent and wear white.
Mentor
Teacher or counselor to the initiate; often are father
or mother figures to the hero or heroine.
Father-Son Conflict
Father and son are separated and do not meet until
the son is an adult, often the mentor is loved and
respected more.
Hunting Group of Companions
Loyal companions willing to face any
number of dangers to be together.
Loyal Retainers
Somewhat like servants to the hero who
are heroic themselves. Their duty is to
protect the hero. They are expendable.
Friendly Beast
A beast on the side of the hero who
shows that nature sides most often with
the forces of good.
Devil Figure
Evil incarnate. Offers worldly goods,
fame, or knowledge to the hero in
exchange for the possession of the soul.
Evil Figure with Good Heart
Redeemable evil figure saved by the
nobility or love of the hero.
Scapegoat
Animal or human who is unjustly held
responsible for others’ sins.
Outcast
Figure banished from a social group for
some crime against his fellow man
(could be unjustly accused or could
banish himself because of guilt)
Temptress
Sensuous beauty, brings about the hero’s
downfall because he is physically
attracted to her
Platonic Ideal
Female figure who provides intellectual
stimulation for the hero. He is not
physically attracted to her.
Star Crossed Lovers
Two lovers forbidden to be together
because of rules of society or family,
often ends tragically.
Creature of Nightmare
Animal or creature disfigured or
mutilated, monsters who are the
antagonists in the story.