9A Unit 6 Grammar
Reported speech with
tense changes
Direct speech
Kitty says, ' My favourite film star
is Audrey Hepburn.'
Reported speech
quotation
mark
Kitty says her favourite film star
is Audrey Hepburn.
Direct speech
Collette said,' Hepburn is the perfect
girl to play the lead role.'
quotation
mark
Collette said that Hepburn
was the perfect girl to play
the lead role.
Reported speech
Direct Speech and Reported Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫 ___________;
直接引语
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫
_________。
间接引语
直接引语通常都用____________括起来.
引号
“ ”
间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个
________。
宾语从句
Kitty says, ' I have watched all her films.'
Kitty says (that) she has watched all her
films.
直接引语改为间接引语时，引语中的部分人
称或物主代词等需改变
引述动词是现在时，则间接引语中的
动词时态不变。
Millie says,' Cartoons are my favourite.'
Millie says that cartoons are her favourite.
Amy says,'You can have a look at my
DVDs.'
Amy says that I can have a look at her DVDs.
Simon says,' I like Gong Li because
of her beauty and wisdom.'
第三人称不变
Simon says that he likes Gong Li because of
her beauty and wisdom.
Reported speech with tense changes
Daniel said,' I want to read a detective
侦探故事
story.'
Daniel said that he wanted to read a
detective story.
主句中的引述动词为过去式时，引
语中的时态要变化
Murder in Valley Town
Last night, the body of a young man
was found in the doorway of a clothes
shop. The murderer hasn't been
found yet.Detective Lu is trying to find
some evidence证据.
Direct speech
Reported speech
‘I’m scared,’ said the witness.
The witness said (that) she was scared.
‘Someone is running away,’ said Mrs Ma.
Simple present
Simple past
Mrs一般现在
Ma said (that) someone一般过去
was running
away.
Present continuous
Past continuous
现进
过进
Direct speech
Reported speech
‘I’ve finished my report,’ said Detective Lu.
Detective Lu said (that) he had finished his
report.
Present perfect
Past perfect
‘I heard about the case,’ said Mr Wu.
现完
过完
Mr Wu said (that) he had heard about the
case.
Simple past
Past perfect
一过
过完
Direct speech
Reported speech
‘We’ll look for more clues,’ said Detective
Lu.
Detective Lu said (that) they would look for
more clues.
Simple future
…would…
一般将来
过去将来
Tense changes
主句引述动词为过去式时，间接引语的时态变化
simple present-------------simple past
一般现在
一般过去
present continuous--past continuous
现在进行
过去进行
present perfect--------past perfect
现在完成
过去完成
simple past------------- past perfect
一般过去
过去完成
simple future-------------...would...
一般将来
过去将来
She
said
shehad
He
said
thatshe
the
story
She
said
The story is called was
would
call
on in
called
Murder
been
to many
Murder in Valley Valley
Town.
you
the next day.
countries.
Town.
The murder
took place at
about 9 p.m..
Shesaid
saidshe
shehad
She
He
said
that
the
would
call on
been
to
many
murder had taken
you the next day.
countries.
place at about
9p.m..
The police have
found something
strange.
She
said
shethe
He
said
that
She
said
she
had
would
callfound
on
police
been
tohad
many
you the next
day.
something
strange.
countries.
Detective Lu will
find out the
murderer.
She
said
shehad
He
said
that
She
said
she
would
call
Detective
Luon
would
been
to many
youout
thethe
next day.
find
countries.
murderer.
Just try!
1. ‘I have a tough case,’ said the detective.
The detective said that _______________________.
he had a tough case
2. ‘We’re looking for more evidence,’ said the
detective.
The detective said that _______________________
they were looking for
_________________.
more evidence
3. ‘The two men in black often ate in our
restaurant,’ the waitress said.
The waitress said the two men in black had
often eaten in their restaurant.
Just try!
4. ‘We’ll try our best to arrest the murderer,’ said
the policemen.
The policemen said that they would try
their best to arrest the murderer.
5. ‘I am happy the police found some evidence,’ a
man said.
A man said that he was happy the police
had found some evidence.
Adverbial changes:
now  then
He said, ‘It is 9 o’clock now.’
He said it was 9 o’clock then.
today  that day
He said , ‘I haven’t seen her today.’
He said he hadn’t seen her that day.
yesterday  the day before
She said , ‘I went there yesterday.’
She said she had gone there the day before.
tomorrow  the next / following day
She said , ‘I will go there tomorrow.’
She said she would go there the following /
next day.
Adverbial changes:
Direct speech
Reported speech
now
then
today
that day
tonight
that night
this morning / week that morning / week…
tomorrow
the following day/the next day
the day before
yesterday
the month before
last month
before
ago
there
here
the next week/month
next week/month
Let’s try!
1. He said, ‘I am busy now.’
He said that he was busy then.
2. She said, ‘I saw a film yesterday.’
She said that she had seen a film the day
before.
Let’s try!
3. He said, ‘I’ll come back next week.’
He said that he would come back the next
week.
4. Tom said, ‘We will try to find the clue
tonight.’
Tom said that they would try to find the
clue that night.
Notes:
Tenses
Pronouns
Simple present →Simple past
Present continuous →Past continuous
Present perfect →Past perfect
Simple past →Past perfect
Simple future →…would…
Adverbials
SUMMARY
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引
语时用连词that引导宾语从句, that
可以省略.从句中的 人称、时态、指
示代词、时间状语、地点状语
相应变化.
等
Keys to A1:
1. was
2. had seen
3. had seen, the day before
4. (that) his cousin had noticed a man
running down Upper Street the night
before.
5. (that) she did not dare to go out alone
at night then and that there was a risk of
getting killed.
Keys to A1:
6. (that) she would move to Moon Town for
safety.
7. (that) the police would catch the murderer
soon.
8. was running out.
9. would put up; the next day / the following
day
‘Wh-’ questions
1. ‘Where are the man's parents?’ asked Millie.
Millie asked where the man's parents
were.
• 2. ‘How are his parents now ?’ she asked.
She asked how his parents were then.
1.Change the word order: …wh-+S+ V…
间接引语要改成陈述句语序: 疑问词 (作引导词)+主+谓
2. Change the quotation mark to a full stop
变标点符号
His parents asked how
How many suspects have many suspects they
you found ?
had found.
When will you catch
the murderer?
His parents asked
when they would catch
the murderer.
Choose the best answers.
A
D
1)The man asked me ___________
A how far was it
B how could he get there
C how could he get to there
D how he could get there
A
2) They asked when____________.
A the film would start
B will the film start
C would the film start
‘Yes’/’No’ questions
‘Does Detective Lu have time to talk with
us?’ they asked.
They asked if / whether Detective Lu had
time to talk with them.
if / whether +S+ V…
1.Add “if/whether”
2.Change the word order变语序
3.Change the question mark to a full stop
1. She asked,'Is there anything strange ?'
if/whether____
there____anything
was
She asked_______
strange.
2. The policeman asked,'Did you see any
strangers?'
if/whether____
they had
The policeman asked______
___seen
___any strangers.
The reporter asked
_____
______
_____
whether
he was
Are you Detective Lu?
Detective Lu.
Can I ask you a few
questions?
The reporter asked
whether
he____
could
ask
____
____
____
him a few questions.
直接引语是特殊疑问句和一般
疑问句时
Notes:
Tenses
Pronouns
Adverbials
The word order
A full stop
Add if / whether
SUMMARY
直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语
时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是 特殊疑问句 ,变为间接引
语时,仍用 原来 的疑问词作连词来引
导。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引
语时,用连词 if 或 whether 连接。
Keys to A2:
1. The interviewer asked Detective Lu
how many crimes he had solved.
2. The interviewer asked him why he
had become a detective.
3. The interviewer asked him when the
Valley Town murder had taken place.
Keys to A2:
4. The interviewer asked if / whether there
had been more than one attacker.
5. The interviewer asked if / whether
he had solved the Valley Town murder.
We do not use _______________
quotation marks (full stops,
quotation marks) with reported speech.
Homework
• 1.Review Reported speech with tense
changes.
• 2.Complete the exercises in Learn English
with you.
Statement
s
‘IThe
wassuspect
not there
at (that)
that time
yesterday’,
said
he had
not
the
suspect
said.
been
there at
that time the day before.
‘Wh-’
questions
‘Why
did why
he become
a detective?’
He
asked
he had become
a
he asked.
detective.
‘Yes’/ ‘No’
questions
‘Has
he solved
the /case?’
She asked
whether
if he
she
had asked.
solved the case.
直接引语
指示代词
时
间
状
语
this,
these
now,
today
this week
yesterday
last week
four days ago
the day before yesterday
that,
those
here
come,
bring
then,
that day
that week
the day before
the week before
four days before
two days before
the
next/following
day
the
next/following
month
there
go, take
can, may, must
could, might, had to
tomorrow
next month
地点状语
方向性动词
情态动词
间接引语
Notes:
Tenses
Pronouns
Adverbials
The word order
Add if / whether
A full stop
‘Wh-’ questions & ‘Yes’/’No’ questions:
‘Wh-’questions: …wh-+S+ V…
She asked when the victim was found.
‘Yes’/ ‘No’ questions: …if / whether+S+ V…
She asked if / whether the police could
find the murderer.
解题步骤:
1.陈述句
“I don’t like computers,” Sandy said to her
friends.
Sandy said to her friends that I don’t like
computers.
said
she
didn’t
Sandy said to her friends that she
didn’t like computers.
2.一般疑问句:
Is it easy to work out the problem?
( They asked him )
It is easy to work out the problem.
They asked him
asked
if it is easy to work out the problem.
is
was
They asked him if it was easy to
work out the problem.
3.特殊疑问句：
When do you harvest the wheat ?
( They asked him )
you harvest the wheat
They asked him when
you harvest the wheat.
he
harvested
They asked him when he harvested the
wheat.
4.祈使句
Little boy, put on your coat.
(They ordered )
Little boy, put on your coat.
They ordered Little boy put on your coat.
to put
his
They ordered the little boy to put on
his coat.
注意事项
1)
2)
3)
4)
5）
6）
7）
8）
9)
人称
时态
相应的时间地点状语
标点符号
大小写
问号改为句号
语序---疑问改陈述
宾语从句由什么引出
祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述
Part4 Reported speech without tense change
If we are reporting a fact or if the information is
still true,we do not need to change the tense.
‘The sun rises in the east,’said Mr Wu
Mr Wu said the sun rises in the east.
Detective Lu said,“we will work hard to find the murderer.’’
Detective Lu said they will work hard to find the
murderer.
Our teacher said, “The sun is much bigger than the
earth. .”
Our teacher said the sun is much bigger than
the earth.
Our teacher said,“There are 12 months in a year. ”
Our teacher said there are 12 months in a year.
Our teacher said, “Light travels faster than
sound.”
Our teacher said light travels faster
than sound.
Our teacher said,“The moon goes
around the earth. ”
Our teacher said the moon goes around
the earth. ”
间接引语中时态不改变的情况
表示一般真理时
• “ The moon moves around
the earth.” Mike said.
Mike said the moon moves
round the earth.
表示到现在为止不变的事实
• Our geography teacher told
us: “ The Great Wall is the
longest wall in the world.”
• Our geography teacher told
us that the Great Wall is the
longest wall in the world.”
part5、直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语不用连词，而是将直接引语改为动词
不定式用作句子的宾语补足语。如：
She said to us，“Please sit down. ”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys. ”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
“Please explain why you’re two and a half hours late,” the boss
said.
→The boss asked him to explain why he was two and a half
hours late.
“Don’t give up!” Father shouted at him.
→Father told him in a loud voice not to give up.
“Get everything ready in half an hour,” the teacher said to the
students.
→The teacher ordered the students to get everything ready in
half an hour.
〖注〗主句的谓语动词有时要根据直接引语的情态和语气作相应的变化，如
say说； tell sb. 告诉某人；ask问/请求；suggest建议；order命令等
等。) This part is optional. You can choose to use.
人称代词的变化
1.直接引语中的主语若为第一人称或者是第一人称
的物主代词改为间接引语时与主句的人称一致
e.g.Millie said,“My brother wants to go with me.”
Millie said that her brother wanted to go with her.
2.直接引语中的主语若为第二人称或者是第二人称的物主代词改
为间接引语时与主句中的宾语一致；若无宾语，则改为第一人称
e.g.The teacher says to us,“You should work hard.
The teacher says to us that we should work hard.
3.直接引语中的主语若为第三人称或者是第三人称的物主代词改
为间接引语时不发生变化
e.g.The teacher said,“She is hard-working.
The teacher said that sha was hard-working.
当引用的句子是陈述句时
• Shirley says:“ I don’t want to do
homework everyday.”
Shirley says that she doesn’t want to
do homework everyday.
• Edward says: “ I was so careless
that I didn’t do my homework well
yesterday.”
Edward says that he was so careless
that he didn’t do his homework well.
Change the sentences into reported
speech.
• 1). ‘I like apples,’ said he.
liked
He said that he _____apples
• 2). She said, ‘I’m doing my
homework. ’
was doing
She said that she _________her
homework.
3)‘I’ve received the letter,’ said Tom.
had received
Tom said that he ____________the
letter.
4). ‘I didn’t see the cat,’ said he.
He said that he ___________the
hadn’t seen
cat.
5). ‘I’ll be late for school,’ said Kate.
Kate said that she________
be
would
late for school.
• She said to me,“I like English very
much.”
She said that she liked English very
much.
• “I will finish doing my homework
soon” promised Tom.
Tom promised that he would finish
doing his homework soon.
• Miss Hu said: “ Susie has
done a good job.”
• Miss Hu said that Susie had
done a good job.
• Father told me: “Your mother
is cooking.”
• Father told me that my
mother was cooking.
引用的句子是祈使句时
• The teacher ordered the
students: “ Keep silent!”
The teacher ordered the
students to keep silent.
• The teacher said to the
students:”Don’t be late again.”
The teacher told the students
not to be late again.
• order
• ask
• advise
• tell
• request
• warn
sb (not) to sth