PRR 448, Class 2
Class meeting time: once or twice per
week? Monday or Wednesday or other?
 Class 1 continued: importance of NRbased rec.
 ANGEL assignment discussion

– Answers to questions from readings
– Drop box: state park laws
Sources for assignment 1 of rec. mgt. plan
 Hawk Island & Sleepy Hollow overview:
review content of Angel

PRR 448: Definitions, Importance, Trends
 Recreation
 Wildland/Outdoor/Nature
or Natural
Resource Based?
 A continuum of naturalness
 Includes urban environments
 Management: of what?
Historic Societal Changes that helped create NR
Based Recreation Resources
 Scarcity
 Economic
development
 Nationalism
 Technology
– Equipment
– Information
Importance in American life
 2000
OR & Tourism Trends
Symposium
 Nat’l. Survey on Rec. & the
Environment
– 95% of all Americans recreate outdoor
– Exceeded pop’n growth 1982-1994
 Several
other national studies since
Changes in supply & demand for rec. resources
Fed./State public rec. lands, MM acres, not
Alaska
mid
late
%
1980's
1990's
increase
382
429
12%
7,000
10,817
55%
Full-time state park employees
18,000
18,980
5%
Part-time state park employees
24,500
29,861
22%
National Wild and Scenic Rivers, river miles
Local park & rec. depts. (1993)
Select Recreation Businesses
4,528
29,050
32,462
12%
Feds, MM visitor days
542
759
40%
State Parks, MM visits
525
766
46%
Went bicycling, MM Americans
57
Fed, observed or photographed wildlife, MM
Amer.
63
Rec. & tourism factoids
Outdoor Recreation - 1/3 of U.S. – public lands/waters
 20,000 year round state park
employees; 5,000 local park & rec.
depts.
 >30,000 rec. businesses
Tourism: world’s largest industry-$3.6
trillion (before 9/11/01); 1/12 jobs
 Tourism: in least developed countries,
the 2nd largest source of foreign
exchange after oil

Most popular outdoor recreation
activities (2004)
Walking for pleasure
Outdoor family gathering
Gardening for pleasure
Swimming in lakes/streams
Picnicking
Driving/sightseeing
Boating
Bird watching
Biking
Fishing
Camping
82.5%
74.2%
64.9%
54.2%
54.1%
52.7%
44.2%
39.8%
37.6 %
30.9%
31.1%
Increases in participation
1984-2004
Bird watching
Hiking
Backpacking
Downhill skiing
Primitive camping
Off road driving
Walking
Motor boating
Sightseeing
Swimming
+155%
+93.5%
+72.5%
+58.5%
+58.2%
+43.8%
+42.8%
+39.9%
+39.5%
+38.2%
Hawk Island County Park
Willis Bennett, Manager
Ph: 749-3176
wbennett@ingham.org
Sleepy Hollow State Park
Tim Machowicz,
Unit Supervisor
(517) 651-6217
email:
machowit@michigan.
gov
Rec. Mgt. Plan Defined



Provides the basic long-term direction and
strategies for resolving issues and attaining the
classic conflicting goals of park management:
resource protection & public use
Components (see syllabus)
– Purpose & significance
– Public participation strategy
– Resource & visitor use management directions
– Indicators, standards & monitoring techniques
– Implementation schedule for monitoring
– Appendices
Modeled after
– National Park Service General Mgt. Plans
(GMPS) except we do not evaluate alternatives
– Michigan State Parks Rec. Mgt. Planning
process (Paul Curtis)
Plan Purpose & Significance
Pointers







See ANGEL: Lessons/Rec. Mgt. Plans
Explain why the park or rec. area exists
Significance: explain what’s unique but don’t
make it sound like an inventory of resources (see
Zion NP handout)
Don’t quote legislation
Make it specific to unit in question; if the purpose
could be applied anywhere, it should be rewritten
Can have more than 1 purpose and significant
features
Your governing body, administrator, staff, team
(everyone) should understand and accept the
purpose, so this part may take awhile to develop
Sources for assignment 1 of rec.
mgt. plans (continued)
www.michiganlegislature.org (state only);
also City of Lansing, Ingham Co.
 Box in Room 151 NR

–
–
–
–
–
–
Seasonal employee manual
Grant applications (e.g., inland fisheries)
1998 Grant Application for Hawk Island
Annual report
Maps, brochures, blueprints
Etc. (look in the box!)
ANGEL: Lessons/Rec. Mgt. Plans
 Previous plans from PRR 448

Sources for assignment 1 of rec.
mgt. plans (continued)
www.michiganlegislature.org (state only);
also City of Lansing, Ingham Co.
 Box in Room 151 NR

–
–
–
–
–
–
Seasonal employee manual
Grant applications (e.g., inland fisheries)
1998 Grant Application for Hawk Island
Annual report
Maps, brochures, blueprints
Etc. (look in the box!)
ANGEL: Lessons/Rec. Mgt. Plans
 Previous plans from PRR 448
