Instructions
Good Luck
This assessment is worth 100 points.
1.
Which one of the following is a correct molecular formula? (1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
2.
An organic molecule contains two or more atoms of (1 point)
a. carbon.
b. hydrogen.
c. oxygen.
d. All of these answers are true.
3.
A polysaccharide is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers? (1 point)
a. simple sugars
b. amino acids
c. nucleotides
d. alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e. fatty acids and glycerol
4.
Which of these statements is NOT true about DNA? (1 point)
a. It is the genetic material of the cell.
b. It forms a double helix.
c. Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine.
d. It contains the sugar ribose.
e. The sugar and phosphate groups form the backbone of the molecule.
5.
Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA? (1 point)
a. single helix
b. protein coil
c. double helix
d. globular RNA
6.
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the bonding of amino acids? (1
point)
a. The bond formed between two amino acids is called a peptide bond.
b. When two amino acids combine, the amino group of one molecule will combine with
the acid group of the second molecule.
c. The addition of one water molecule is required to combine two amino acids.
d. A series of amino acids bonded together is a polypeptide.
7.
All amino acids would have which of the following pairs of functional groups? (1 point)
a. -COOH and -NH3
b. -OH and -COOH
c. -OH and -NH3
d. -SH and -NH3
e. -SH and -COOH
8.
Which of the following lipids forms a bilayer between two watery regions, such as in the
plasma membrane of a cell? (1 point)
a. steroids
b. neutral fats
c. waxes
d. phospholipids
9.
Three fatty acids bonded together with a glycerol are found in (1 point)
a. an alcohol
b. an enzyme
c. a phospholipid
d. a chlorophyll pigment
e. a triglyceride
10. The disaccharide in milk to which some adults are allergic is called (1 point)
a. fructose
b. galactose
c. glucose
d. lactose
e. sucrose
11. The simplest and the most common monosaccharide is a six-carbon sugar called (1 point)
a. galactose
b. lactose
c. cellulose
d. glucose
e. sucrose
12. The principal way proteins can be distinguished from other types of macromolecules is that
proteins (1 point)
a. contain C, H and O, and the O/C ratio is approximately 1.
b. contain C, H and O, and their O/C ratio is much less than 1.
c. they contain C, H, O, and their O/C ratio is much greater than 1.
d. they contain C, H, O, N and S.
e. they contain C, H, O, N and P.
13. The molecule below is a(an)
(1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
glycerol.
polypeptide.
saturated fatty acid.
unsaturated fatty acid.
14. DNA and RNA are similar in some respects and different in others. Which of the following
statements is accurate about their similarities? (1 point)
a. Both DNA and RNA nucleotides contain the nitrogen bases adenine, cytosine, and
guanine.
b. Both DNA and RNA can form double helices.
c. Both DNA and RNA contain monosaccharide sugars on their respective nucleotides.
d. Both DNA and RNA are involved in the "Central Dogma" of biology.
e. Both DNA and RNA contain phosphate groups on their respective nucleotides.
15. Which of the following shows the correct linkage of amino acids in a protein? (1 point)
a. amino group of one bonded to the amino group of the next
b. acid group of one bonded to acid group of the next
c. acid group of one bonded to amino group of the next
d. All of these answers are correct.
16. Disulfide bridges within a protein molecule are most significant for what level(s) of
structure? (1 point)
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
e. tertiary and quaternary
17. A phospholipid is similar to a fat but has (1 point)
a. a glow when placed in a dark room.
b. no oxygen.
c. a phosphate group.
d. no carbon in it.
18. A peptide bond is found in which type of biological molecule? (1 point)
a. carbohydrate
b. lipid
c. nucleic acid
d. protein
19. A common lipid for energy storage is (1 point)
a. phospholipid
b. steroid
c. triglicerides
d. cholesterol
e. wax
20. Which carbohydrate is found in the cell walls of plants? (1 point)
a. starch
b. chitin
c. cellulose
d. glycogen
e. glycerol
21. Which of the following statements pertaining to macromolecules is incorrect? (1 point)
a. Organisms are constructed of macromolecules, which are polymers made by
assembling many similar or identical small molecules called monomers.
b. he function of a macromolecule is determined by its structure, which depends on the
structure of its monomers.
c. The masses of molecules and macromolecular assemblages are given in atomic
mass units (amu) or daltons (Da).
d. Proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acids are commonly composed of the elements
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
e. The most abundant polymers of organisms are proteins, which are versatile molecules
that perform an enormous variety of crucial functions.
22. A fat is said to be saturated if (1 point)
a. there are many double bonds present in the molecule.
b. there are only single bonds between each pair of carbons.
c. the fat molecule cannot contain any more covalent bonds.
d. there are as many double bonds present as possible.
23. Which of the following is not a macromolecule? (1 point)
a. carbohydrates
b. water
c. nucleic acids
d. proteins
e. lipids
24. Anabolic steroids used by some athletes are compounds which would be classified as (1
point)
a. carbohydrates.
b. nucleic acids.
c. lipids.
d. proteins.
25. Which of the following is not a lipid? (1 point)
a. olive oil
b. fat
c. amino acid
d. steroid
26. Which of the following is not a function of proteins? (1 point)
a. Lubricating the joints between bones.
b. Forming structures such as collagen and fingernails.
c. ransporting small molecules and ions through cell membranes.
d. Catalyze chemical reactions.
e. Control or regulate metabolic processes.
27. ____ contains double bonds. (1 point)
a. CH4
b. H2O
c. CO2
d. NH3
28. A protein is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers? (1 point)
a. glucose or modified glucose molecules
b. amino acids
c. nucleotides
d. alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e. fatty acids and glycerol
29. The nitrogen base not found in DNA is called (1 point)
a. adenine
b. cytosine
c. guanine
d. thymine
e. uracil
30. A complex carbohydrate consists of repeated units of (1 point)
a. monosaccharides.
b. fatty acids.
c. amino acids.
d. nucleotides.
31. The molecule below
(1 point)
a. was probably produced by a plant.
b. is liquid at room temperature.
c. was formed by three separate hydrolysis reactions.
d. contains more energy per gram than a carbohydrate.
32. A molecule with the chemical formula C60H120O60 is probably a(n) (1 point)
a. monosaccharide.
b. amino acid.
c. nucleotide.
d. protein.
e. polysaccharide.
33. The specific amino acid sequence in a protein is its (1 point)
a. zero order structure
b. primary structure
c. secondary structure
d. tertiary structure
e. quaternary structure
34. A protein (1 point)
a. is a macromolecule.
b. consists of many linked amino acids.
c. may be made of two or more polypeptides.
d. is correctly described by all three of these answers.
35. Which components must be removed during a dehydration synthesis reaction? (1 point)
a. -H & -OH
b. –N= & -OH
c. –OH & -COOH
d. –COOH & -H
36. A(An) ____ is NOT formed by dehydration synthesis. (1 point)
a. complex carbohydrate
b. polypeptide
c. triglyceride
d. amino acid
37. Organic molecules are those that contain at least (1 point)
a. carbon.
b. carbon and oxygen.
c. carbon and hydrogen.
d. carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
38. Enzymes are made from (1 point)
a. fats.
b. protein.
c. cytoplasm.
d. nucleoplasm.
39. Fructose is a(n) (1 point)
a. L-amino acid.
b. structural isomer of glucose.
c. aldopentose.
d. disaccharide.
e. α-form of glucose.
40. DNA is (1 point)
a. a single chain of nucleotides containing deoxyribose.
b. mainly found in the cytoplasm.
c. composed of amino acids.
d. a coiled double chain of nucleotides.
41. A group of molecules that resemble fats, but contain phosphate functional groups are called
(1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
steroids.
polypeptides.
phospholipids.
nucleic acid.
42. Which of these molecules is typically double stranded? (1 point)
a. mRNA
b. rRNA
c. tRNA
d. DNA
43. Imagine that you were able to see a nucleotide under a very special microscope. As you scan
the nucleotide you see a U nitrogen base. Without seeing any other part of the nucleotide you
know that (1 point)
a. it is a DNA nucleotide
b. it is an RNA nucleotide
c. it is either a DNA nucleotide or an RNA nucleotide
d. you will need to continue to scan for more clues, such as the type of sugar associated
with it, to be able to determine which type of nucleotide it is
44. A chain of amino acids linked together end-to-end can only be found in (1 point)
a. a membrane lipid
b. a nucleic acid
c. a polysaccharide
d. a polypeptide
e. a starch
45. The bonding of four simple sugars will (1 point)
a. produce three water molecules.
b. produce four water molecules.
c. utilize three water molecules.
d. utilize four water molecules.
46. Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called (1 point)
a. fatty acids
b. amino acids
c. nucleic acids
d. phosphate groups
e. sugars
47. Relatively small organic molecules with a central carbon atom which is bonded to a carboxyl
group, an amino group, a carbon containing group, and a hydrogen atom are called (1
point)
a. amino acids
b. fatty acids
c. enzymes
d. peptides
e. nucleotides
48. DNA, RNA, and ATP contain functional units known as (1 point)
a. peptides
b. enzymes
c. amino acids
d. nucleotides
e. fatty acids
49. The molecule below is a(an)
(1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
amino acid.
carbohydrate.
lipid.
nucleic acid.
50. Which reaction represents dehydration synthesis? (1 point)
a. C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 + C6H12O6  C18H32O16 + 2H2O
b. CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6 + O2
c. NaOH + H2O  Na+OH- + H2O
d. triglyceride  glycerol + 3 fatty acids + 3H2O
51. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH is (1 point)
a. a fatty acid.
b. an amino acid.
c. a glycerol.
d. a steroid.
52. glycerol + 3 fatty acids  triglyceride + 3 H2O
This is a(an) ____ reaction. (1 point)
a. hydrolysis
b. dehydration synthesis
c. unbalanced
d. acid-base
53. If a glycerol molecule and three attached fatty acids form a fat, it is called a (1 point)
a. triglyceride.
b. diglyceride.
c. monoglyceride.
d. tripeptide.
54. A(an) ____ is a polymer. (1 point)
a. monosaccharide
b. amino acid
c. nucleotide
d. polypeptide
55. The definition of saturated fats is that it can hold no more atoms of (1 point)
a. carbon.
b. hydrogen.
c. oxygen.
d. All of these answers are true.
56. Polypeptides are composed of many (1 point)
a. amino acids.
b. carbohydrates.
c. nucleic acids.
d. fatty acids.
57. Mannose is a _________ while maltose is a __________. (1 point)
a. pentose; hexose
b. monosaccharide; disaccharide
c. polymer; monomer
d. disaccharide; polysaccharide
e. oligosaccharide; monosaccharide
58. A liquid triglyceride—an oil—is characterized by all of the following except (1 point)
a. be produced mostly in plants
b. contain only saturated fatty acids
c. be more likely to be degraded than stored in humans
d. contain more calories per gram than a carbohydrate
e. form micelles in water due to immiscibility
59. Polymerization reactions in which proteins are synthesized from amino acids or
polysaccharides are synthesized from monosaccharides (1 point)
a. result in the formation of water.
b. are condensation reactions.
c. require the input of energy.
d. result in the formation of covalent bonds between monomers called peptide bonds
and glycoside bonds, respectively.
e. all of the above.
60. Triglycerides comprise three fatty acids and (1 point)
a. one glycerol.
b. two glycerols.
c. three glycerols.
d. four glycerols.
61. The chemical arrangement in the figure below is on the end of a long molecule of a(an)
(1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
steroid.
fatty acid.
carbohydrate.
unsaturated fat.
62. The pleating or coiling of a protein is known as the protein's ____ structure. (1 point)
a. primary
b. secondary
c. tertiary
d. quaternary
63. Saturated fats differ from unsaturated fats in that saturated fats (1 point)
a. are longer.
b. lack carbon-carbon double bonds.
c. have fewer double bonds.
d. cannot be used for an energy source.
64. Fish sperm consists mostly of the male fish's DNA. If we tested a sample chemically, we
should find relatively high amounts of (1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
nitrogenous bases, sugar, and phosphate groups.
phospholipids and steroids.
amino acids and unsaturated fats.
triglycerides and ATP.
globular proteins and stored fats.
65. The backbone of a double helix is (1 point)
a. sugar-phosphate.
b. hydrogen bonds.
c. base-pairing.
d. All of these answers are true.
66. This is a ____ reaction. C12H22O11 + H2O  C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 (1 point)
a. hydrolysis
b. dehydration synthesis
c. acid - base
d. ionic
67. An example of a carbohydrate is (1 point)
a. C7H14O7.
b. C7H12O7.
c. C7H14O28.
d. C7H7O7.
68. The molecule below is a(an)
(1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
amino acid.
carbohydrate.
lipid.
nucleic acid.
69. Which statement is true about RNA? (1 point)
a. It contains adenine paired to thymine.
b. One of the bases from DNA is replaced by uracil.
c. It contains the sugar deoxyribose.
d. Its nucleotides contain twice as many phosphate groups as DNA's nucleotides.
e. It is a double-stranded molecule.
70. ____ is a sugar. (1 point)
a. Sucrase
b. Pentose
c. C27H46O
d. COOH-CH2-NH3
71. A dehydration synthesis reaction is also known as (1 point)
a. a condensation reaction.
b. a hydrolysis reaction.
c. an isomeric reaction.
d. an energy-releasing reaction.
e. monomer formation.
72. Carbohydrates are a source of (1 point)
a. protein.
b. energy.
c. glycerol.
d. fatty acids.
73. Organic molecules always (1 point)
a. contain carbon.
b. contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen respectively in a 1:2:1 ratio.
c. are produced by living organisms.
d. dissolve in water.
74. A(an) ____ bond is formed between the reactants in Figure 3.1.
(1 point)
a. ionic
b. hydrogen
c. peptide
d. polar
75. In a nucleotide, the nitrogenous base is bonded to (1 point)
a. an acid.
b. a sugar.
c. a phosphate.
d. itself.
76. C12H24O12; this formula represents a (1 point)
a. lipid.
b. protein.
c. carbohydrate.
d. phospholipid.
77. Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because (1 point)
a. cellulose contains very little chemical energy
b. cellulose is not part of a normal diet
c. cellulose digesting enzymes are absent
d. cellulose does not taste good
e. cellulose is present in large quantities in the gut
78. Imagine that you were able to see a nucleotide under a very special microscope. As you scan
the nucleotide you see a T nitrogen base. Without seeing any other part of the nucleotide you
know that (1 point)
a. it is a DNA nucleotide
b. it is a RNA nucleotide
c. it is a either a DNA nucleotide or an RNA nucleotide
d. you will need to continue to scan for more clues, such as the type of sugar associated
with it, to be able to determine which type of nucleotide it is
79. A nucleotide is composed of the following molecules arranged in this order: (1 point)
a. three amino acids covalently bonded in a series.
b. three fatty acids individually bonded to three different places on glycerol.
c. a base bonded to a sugar bonded to a phosphate.
d. mRNA bonded to tRNA bonded to an amino acid.
80. A nucleotide contains (1 point)
a. glycerol and fatty acids.
b. a base, sugar, and phosphate group.
c. amino acids.
d. an acid, base, and salt.
81. A fatty acid having double bonds between carbon atoms is a(an) (1 point)
a. phospholipid.
b. animal fat.
c. unsaturated fat.
d. saturated fat.
82. A nucleic acid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers? (1 point)
a. amino acids
b. nucleotides
c. glucose or modified glucose molecules
d. alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e. fatty acids and glycerol
83. Which of the following is neither a simple nor a complex carbohydrate? (1 point)
a. C6H12O6
b. C4H8O4
c. C12H22O11
d. C2H4O
84. If you wanted to manufacture a fat, which one of the following would be necessary? (1
point)
a. water
b. amino acids
c. vitamins
d. glycerol
85. Macromolecules that are used by organisms to store hereditary information are called (1
point)
a. transfer RNA molecules
b. messenger RNA molecules
c. transfer RNA molecules
d. amino acids molecules
e. DNA molecules
86. An example of an inorganic molecule is (1 point)
a. CaCl2.
b. C2H6.
c. C2H5OH.
d. C3H5(OH)3.
87. Which association is NOT correct? (1 point)
a. lipid-steroid
b. nucleic acid-DNA
c. monosaccharide-glucose
d. protein-nucleotide
88. You find a new organic molecule that is water soluble and contains the elements carbon,
nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is probably a (1 point)
a. protein.
b. fat.
c. carbohydrate.
d. phospholipid.
89. A subunit of protein is a(an) (1 point)
a. amino acid.
b. nucleic acid.
c. fatty acid.
d. phospholipid.
90. Which of the following is made primarily of protein? (1 point)
a. skin
b. tendon
c. enzyme
d. carbohydrates
91. Molecules that do not dissolve in water very easily are characteristically (1 point)
a. acids.
b. fats.
c. vitamins.
d. carbohydrates.
92. Which of the following is NOT one of the four most common elements found in living
organisms? (1 point)
a. hydrogen
b. oxygen
c. carbon
d. sulfur
e. nitrogen
93. Proteins possess all of the following functions except (1 point)
a. structure
b. metabolism
c. encode genetic information
d. membrane transport
e. cell recognition
94. An organic molecule with the empirical formula C6H12O6 (1 point)
a. may have many structural formulae.
b. is a carbohydrate.
c. is commonly referred to as a sugar.
d. All the above are correct.
95. A lipid is a polymer made up of which kind of monomers? (1 point)
a. glucose or modified glucose molecules
b. amino acids
c. nucleotides
d. alternating sugar and phosphate groups
e. fatty acids and glycerol
96. The functional group at then end of a fatty acid has the following formula (1 point)
a.
b.
c.
d.
-COOR.
-COOH.
-COON.
CH2O.
97. Lipids are the only class of macromolecules that contain (1 point)
a. amino acids
b. nucleic acids
c. fatty acids
d. phosphate groups
e. sugars
98. An example of an inorganic molecule is (1 point)
a. C6H12O6.
b. HCl.
c. C4H8O4.
d. C12H22O11.
99. In a nucleotide, the sugar is bonded to a (1 point)
a. sugar.
b. codon.
c. salt.
d. base and phosphate.
100. One way an amino acid differs from a lipid is that the amino acids contain (1 point)
a. carbon.
b. hydrogen.
c. nitrogen.
d. oxygen.