V. S. JAGADEESHAIAH.MSc.Mphil.
LECTURER IN CHEMISTRY
GOVT.P.U.COLLEGE
B.H.ROAD,ARSIKERE-573 103
jagadeeshaiahvs@gmail.com
9741-1234-68
JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE,
ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
1
Industrially important
compounds
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
2
I.Manufacture of NaOH-Nelson’s proces
NaCl
Na+ +ClH2O
H+ + OH• A solution of sodium chloride in water
contains Na+,Cl-,H+ and OH• During electrolysis, only H+ ion discharge at
cathode .similarly only Cl- is oxidized at anode
• The solution become richer in Na+ & OH- ions
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
3
Manufacture of ammonia
-By Haber’s process
• Haber’s process involves the direct combination
of N2 & H2
N2+ 3H2
2NH3+Heat
• According to Le Chatelier’s principle ,The
following favorable conditions will give better
yield of ammonia;
i)Finely” catalystdivided “Fe
ii)a promoter like Mo or K2O or Al2O3.
iii)a moderate temperature of 773K (5000C)
iv)A high pressure of 200atm
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
4
Steps involved
•
•
•
•
Step-I; Compression
Step-II: Conversion
Step-III: Cooling
Step-IV: Recycling
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
5
Manufacture of H2SO4
-by Contact process
•
SO2(g)+O2 (g)
2SO3(g)+188kj
• According to Le Chatelier’s principle, the
following favorable conditions are maintained;
• i)Catalyst like V2O5 or Platinized asbestos or
Fe2O3.
• ii)T=723K or 5000C
• iii)P=2 to 3 atm
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
6
Steps involved
• Step-I: Production of SO2.
S(s)+O2(g)
SO2(g)
• Step-II; Purification of Gases
1)Dust chamber
2)Cooler
3)Scrubber
4) Cottrell precipitator
5)Drier:
6)Arsenic purifier
7)Tyndall box
Step-III; Oxidation of SO2 to SO3.
SO2(g)+O2 (g)
2SO3(g)+188kj
Step-IV; Absorption
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
7
Manufacture of K2Cr2O7
-From Chromite ore(FeOCr2O3 or FeCr2O4)
Step-I:Concentration of Chromite ore
• Chromite ore is concentrated by Gravity separation
method.
• Step-II:Roasting of concentrated ore.
• 4FeO.Cr2O3 + 8Na2CO3 + 7O2
8Na2CrO4 +2Fe2O3 +8CO2
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
8
Step-III: Coversion of Na2CrO4 to
Na2Cr2O7
• Step-IV: Coversion of Na2Cr2O7 to
K2Cr2O7
Na2Cr2O7 +KCl
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
K2Cr2O7 +2NaCl
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
9
1.
“CO” under pressure reacts with
solid NaOH to form
1) Na2CO3
2)HCOONa
3) Sodium corbonyl
4) SodiumAcetalide
Ans: CO +NaOH
HCOONa
(Sodium methanoate)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE,
9741-123468
10
2.During electrolysis of fused NaCl the
anode reaction is
1)Oxidation of Na+
2)Reduction of Na+
3)Oxidation of Cl–
4)Reduction Cl–
Ans: (3) Oxidation of Cl–
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE,
9741-123468
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3.An unusual species is formed when
Sodium metal is dissolved in liquid
ammonia
1) H2
2) NH4+
3) e– (NH3)
4) NH2 –
Ans: 3) e– (NH3)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
12
4.A solution of sodium metal in liquid
ammonia is strongly reducing due to the
presence of
1)sodium atom
2)sodium hydroxide
3)sodium amide
4)solvated electron
Ans:4)solvated electron
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
13
5.In Nelson’s process for manufacture of
NaoH the cathode and Anode are
separated by asbestos diaphragm
1)To prevent reaction between NaOH
and Cl2
2)To increase the yield of products
3)To prevent mixing of NaCl and NaOH
4)To prevent reaction between products
formed during electrolysis.
Ans:4)To prevent reaction between
products formed during electrolysis.
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE,
9741-123468
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6.Steam is passed through the tank in
Nelson’s cells
1)To keep electrolyte warm
2)The keep pores of U-tube open
3)Both
4)None
Ans: 3)Both
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE,
9741-123468
15
7.Electrolysis of brine produce
1)H2 and Cl2
2)Cl2 and Na
3)Cl2 and NaOH
4)Cl2, H2 and NaOH
Ans:4)Cl2, H2 and NaOH
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
16
8.In the manufacture of NH3 by Haber’s
process ,conditions for maximum yield is
1)Increasing and both temperature and
pressure
2)Decreasing both temperature and pressure
3)Increasing temperature and decreasing
pressure
4)Decreasing temperature and increasing the
pressure
Ans:4)Decreasing temperature and increasing
the pressure
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
17
9.Metallic hydroxide that can dissolve in
excess of NaOH is
1) Al(OH)3
2)Ca(OH)2
3) Cu(OH)2
4)Mn(OH)2
Ans: 1) Al(OH)3
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
18
10.Ammonia is manufactured by
1)Solvay’s process
2)Nelson’s process
3)Haber’s process
4)Contact procerss
Ans: 3)Haber’s process
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
19
11.The drying agent for NH3 is
1) Na2CO3
2)Con.H2SO4
3) Quick lime (CaO)
4) Anhydrous Calcium chloride
Ans:3)Quick lime (CaO)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
20
12.Effect of increase of temperature on
equilibrium in
N2 + 3H2
2NH3 + Heat
1)Equilibrium is shifted to the left
2)Equilibrium shifted to the right
3)Equilibrium is unaltered
4)Reaction rate does not change
Ans:1)Equilibrium is shifted to the left
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
21
13. A white crystalline solid was heated
with conc. H2SO4.Colourless gaseous
product was collected in a jar. The upper
portion burned with a pale blue flame
and the lower portion turns lime water
milky .The crystalline solid is
1)Na2CO3
3)H2C2O4 .2H2O
2)HCOONa
4)C12H22O11
Ans: 3)H2C2O4 .2H2O
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
22
14.Oleum is
1)60% H2SO4.
2)Fuming sulphuric acid
3)Oil of vitriol
4)dil.H2SO4.
Ans:2) Fuming sulphuric acid(H2S2O7)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
23
15.2SO2 + O2
2SO3 + 185.2 kJ
According to Le Chatelier’s principle,
best yields of SO3 are obtained using
1)High pressure and high temperature
2)High pressure and low temperature
3)Low pressure and high temperature
4)Low pressure and low temperature
Ans: 2)High pressure and low
temperature
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
24
16. Reaction of conc. H2SO4 with sugar
is called
1) Hydrolysis
3) Dehydration
2)Hydration
4)Decolourisation
Ans: 3)Dehydration
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
25
17. What is the structure (geometry) of
orange red product formed on reaction
of K2Cr2O7 + conc H2SO4 + Rock salt
1)Trigonal planar
2)Square planar
3)Tetrahedral
4)Octahedral
Note: Chromyl chloride
test is not answered
by water insoluble
salts like
HgCl2,SnCl2,PbCl2..
Ans:3)Tetrahedral
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
26
18.In Contact process of manufacture of
sulphuric acid, Impurity oxides of
Arsenic is removed by
1)Al(OH)3
3)Fe (OH)3
2)Cr(OH)3
4)Fe2O3
Ans:3)Fe(OH)3
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
27
19.In the manufacture of sulphuric acid
by Contact process ,Tyndall box is used
to
1)Remove impurities
2)Filter dust particles
3)Test the presence of dust particles
4)Convert SO2 TO SO3.
Ans:3)Test the presence of dust
particles
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
28
20. When excess of PCl5 reacts with
conc. H2SO4 it gives
1)Chloro sulphonic acid
2)Thionyl chloride
3)Sulphuryl chloride
4)Sulphurous acid
Ans: 3)Sulphuryl chloride (SO2Cl2)
VV.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
29
21. In the reaction 2Ag +H2SO4
Ag2SO4 + SO2 +2H2O,
sulphuric acid act as
1)An oxidising agent
2)A reducing agent
3)A catalyst
4)A dehydrating agent
Ans:1)An oxidising agent
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
30
22. When H2O2 is treated with cold
acidified K2Cr2O7 solutions containing
ether. A Blue colour is obtained.This is
due to
1)Chromium sulphate
3)Perchromic acid
4) Chromium pentoxide
2) K2CrO4
Ans: 3)Perchromic acid (CrO5)
has blue colour in etherial solution
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
31
23. A solutions of an inorganic salt has
a lemon yellow colour. It changes to
orange in acid medium and it turns
yellow when it is made alkaline
1) FeCl3
2)Cu(NO3)2
3) K3F3(CN)6
4)K2CrO4
Ans: 4)K2CrO4
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
32
24. The equilibrium
H2O + Cr2O72–
2H+ + 2CrO421)Exists in acidic medium
2)Exists in basic medium
3)Exists in neural medium
4)Does not exist
Ans: 1) Exists in basic medium
(pH=10.3)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
33
25.The colour and composition of
Chromyl chloride are
1)Orange red, CrO2Cl2
2)green, CrCl3
3)Orange red , CrO3
4)Dark red, CrOCl3
Ans: 1)Orange red, CrO2Cl2
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
34
26.In the oxidation of hydrogen sulphide
using acidified K2Cr2O7,The oxidation
state of sulphur changes by
1)2 units
2)3 units
H2 S
S
3)1 unit
-2
0
4)6 units
Ans: 2units
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
35
27.Victor Meyer’s method can be used to
determine the molecular mass of
1)Acetone
2)Ethyl alcohol
3)Ether
4)All of these
Ans : 4)All of these
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
36
28.A salt on heating with water liberates
colourless gas which turned lime water
milky. The gas is
1)Hydrogen chloride
2)Hydrogen iodide
3)Carbon dioxide
4)Sulphur dioxide
Ans: 3)Carbon dioxide
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
37
29.Nessler’s reagent is
1)An alkaline solution of HgCl2 and KI
2)A solution of ammonium hydroxide
3)A solution of KI & sodium thiosulphate
4)A solution of Iodine
Ans: 1)An alkaline solution of HgCl2 & KI
HgCl2 + 4KI
K2[HgI4] +2KCl
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
38
30.Chromyl chloride test is used for
confirming the presence of
1)Bromide ions
2)Chloride ions
3)Iodide ions
4)Chromium ions
Ans:2)Chloride ions
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
39
31.The test for unsaturation in organic
compounds is decolourisation of
1)Bromine water
2)Methyl orange
3)Blue litmus solution
4)Phenolphthlein
Ans: 1)Bromine water
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
40
32.Which of the following reagent is
used to distinguish ethene from ethyne?
1)Bromine water
2)Alkaline KMnO4
3)Bromine in CCl4
4)Ammonical cuprous chloride(Cu2Cl2)
Ans: 4)Ammonical cuprous chloride
(Cu2Cl2)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
41
33.The brown ring test for NO2-1 & NO3-1 is
due to the formation of complex ion with the
formula
1)[Fe(H2O)5NO]2+
2)[Fe(H2O)6]2+.
3)[Fe(H2O)(NO)5]2+
4)[Fe(NO)(CN)5]2+
Ans:1)[Fe(H2O)5NO]2+
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
42
34.The indicator used in the titration of
sodium carbonate against hydrochloric acid
is
1)Litmus paper
2)Phenolphthalein
3)Methyl orange
4)Any of these
Ans: 3)Methyl orange
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
43
35.Starch solution is used as an
indicator in the titration of
1)KMnO4 v/s Oxalic acid
2)K2Cr2O7 v/s ferrous sulphate
3)H2SO4 v/s NaOH
4)Iodine against sodium thiosulphate
Ans: 4)Iodine against sodium
thiosulphate
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
44
36.In the titration between oxalic acid
and acidified potassium permanganate
,the manganous salt formed catalyses
the reaction .The manganous salt is
1)A promoter
2)A positive catalyst
3)An auto catalyst
4)None of these
Ans: 3)An auto catalyst
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
45
37.Since the ionosation potential of the
alkali metals is low,they are identified by
flame test.The flame colour imparted by
sodium is
1)Yellow
3)Violet
2)Red
4)Orange
Ans: Yellow
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
46
38.Phenol is heated with phthalic
anhydride in the presence of
conc.H2SO4.The product gives pink
colour with alkali. The product is
1)Salicylic acid
3)Phenolphthalein
2)Fluorescein
4)Bakelite
Ans : 3)Phenolphthalein
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
47
39.In the precipitation of third group
basic radicals in qualitative
analysis,NH4Cl(s) is added before adding
NH4OH to
1)Keep pH constant
2)Decrease the concentration of OHions
3)Increase in the concentration of Clions
4)Increase the concentration of NH4+
ions
Ans: 2)Decrease the concentration of
OH- ions
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
48
40.Which of the following doesnot
reduce Benedict’s solution?
1)Glucose
3)Sucrose
2)Fructose
4)Aldehyde
Ans: 3)Sucrose
(Test for reducing sugars)
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
49
41.Which of the following organic
compounds answers both Iodoform test
and Fehling’s test?
1)Ethanol
3)Ethanal
2)Propanone
4)Methanal
Ans: 3)Ethanal
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
50
42.The test used for identifying peptide
linkage in proteins is
1)Biuret test
3)Molisch’s test
2)Ninhydrin test
4)Borsche’s test
Ans: 1)Biuret test
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
51
43.The reagent NH4Cl and NH4OH will
precipitate
1)Ca2+
2)Mg2+
3)Zn2+
4)Fe2+
Ans: 4)Fe2+[Dirty green ppt. of Fe(OH)2]
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
52
44.In the experimental determination of
the rate constant for the hydrolysis of
methyl acetate, the reaction mixture is
cooled in ice before carrying out
titration. This is because
1)The end point is clear
2)The hydrolysis occur uniformly
3)The hydrolysis is arrested
4)The hydrolysis is catalysed only at low
temperature
Ans:3)The hydrolysis is arrested
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
53
45.An organic compound which
produces bluish green coloured flame on
heating in presence of copper
1)Chlorobenzene
2)Benzaldehyde
3)Aniline
4)Benzoic acid
Ans: 1)Chlorobenzene
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
54
46.The offensive smell produced when
aniline is heated with chloroform and
alcoholic KOH is due to the formation of
1)2,4-dinitro compound
2)Phenyl isocyanide
3)Carbon dioxide
4)An ester
Ans: 2)Phenyl isocyanide
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
55
47.A solution of zinc sulphate produces
a white precipitate on adding a few
drops of NaOH.On adding excess of
NaOH,
1)The precipitate remains insoluble
2) The precipitate remains insoluble but
darkens
3) The precipitate dissolves giving a
colourless solution
4)The precipitate dissolves with the
formation of a deep green solution
Ans: 3) The precipitate dissolves giving
a colourless solution
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
56
48.Confirmatory test for NH4+ is
1)Chromyl chloride test
2)Ethyl borate test
3)Brown ring test
4)Nessler’s reagent test
Ans: 4)Nessler’s reagent test
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
57
49.The formula mass of Mohr’s salt is
392.The iron present in it is oxidised to
Fe3+ by potassium permanganate.The
equivalent mass of Mohr’s salt is
1)392
3)278
2)31.5
4)156
Ans: 1)392
Hint: The change in oxidation number is
“1”. Therefore Mol. mass = Eq.mass
V.S.JAGADEESHAIAH,
G.P.U.COLLEGE, ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
58
50.Volume of 0.6M NaOH required to
neutralise 30 cm3 of 0.4MHCl is
1)45cm3
2)30cm3
3)20cm3
4)50cm3
• Use relation N1V1=N2V2.
N2V2(HCl)
V1(NaOH)=
N1(NaOH)
Ans: 20cm3.
JAGADEESHAIAH, G.P.U.COLLEGE,
ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
59
51.During the titration of KMnO4 with
oxalic acid in acid medium ,the oxidation
number of Mn+7 changes to
1)+2
2)0
3)+5
4)+3
KMnO4
+7
MnSO4.
+2
Ans: +2
JAGADEESHAIAH, G.P.U.COLLEGE,
ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
60
52.In the reaction of NO3-1 ions with Copper
turnings & conc. H2SO4 ,the blue solution
formed due to
1)Cu(HSO4)2
3)Cu(NO3)2
2)Cu(NO2)2
4)CuSO4
Ans: 3)Cu(NO3)2.
Hint: H2SO4 reacts NO3-1 ions to give HNO3.
“Cu” reacts with HNO3 to form Cupric nitrate
JAGADEESHAIAH, G.P.U.COLLEGE,
ARSIKERE, 9741-123468
61