Unit 3 Human Systems Vocab
Vocab goes in the back of your journal, and should be
neat and readable. You must also create flash cards.
See the instructions below:
 In Journal – Write definition in your own
words and draw a picture that helps you
remember the word.
 Flash Cards – You must also create flash cards
by using the definitions below
Circulatory System
Arteries- A thick elastic-walled vessel that carries
blood away from the heart.
Blood- a tissue made up of cells and pieces of cells
carried in a liquid; transported throughout the body by
the circulatory system
Heart- A hollow, muscular pump-like organ that
circulates blood
Veins- A vessel in the circulatory system that carries
blood towards the heart.
Digestive System
Chemical Digestion- a chemical process that breaks
large food molecules into smaller molecules that can
be taken in by cells i.e. saliva
Unit 3 Human Systems Vocab
Vocab goes in the back of your journal, and should be
neat and readable. You must also create flash cards.
See the instructions below:
 In Journal – Write definition in your own
words and draw a picture that helps you
remember the word.
 Flash Cards – You must also create flash cards
by using the definitions below
Circulatory System
Arteries- A thick elastic-walled vessel that carries
blood away from the heart.
Blood- a tissue made up of cells and pieces of cells
carried in a liquid; transported throughout the body by
the circulatory system
Heart- A hollow, muscular pump-like organ that
circulates blood
Veins- A vessel in the circulatory system that carries
blood towards the heart.
Digestive System
Chemical Digestion- a chemical process that breaks
large food molecules into smaller molecules that can
be taken in by cells i.e. saliva
Large Intestine- part of the digestive system where
water is absorbed from solid waste
*Liver- organ in the digestive system that produces
bile and enzymes, breaks down toxins and wastes, and
has many other functions
Mechanical Digestion- process of breaking food into
smaller pieces by chewing and mashing
Small Intestine- organ in the digestive system that
completes digestive and absorbs nutrients
Stomach- part of the digestive system, where food is
stored and partially digested before it enters the small
intestine
Excretory System
Kidneys- the major organ of the urinary system; filters
blood to produce the waste liquid called urine.
*Liver- organ in the digestive system that produces
bile and enzymes, breaks down toxins and wastes, and
has many other functions
*Lungs- pair of organs in respiratory system, where
carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged
Skin- largest organ of the body, can secrete fluids that
damage or destroy bacteria; sweat glands help regulate
body temperature
Urinary Bladder- elastic, muscular organ that stores
urine until it leaves the body
Large Intestine- part of the digestive system where
water is absorbed from solid waste
*Liver- organ in the digestive system that produces
bile and enzymes, breaks down toxins and wastes, and
has many other functions
Mechanical Digestion- process of breaking food into
smaller pieces by chewing and mashing
Small Intestine- organ in the digestive system that
completes digestive and absorbs nutrients
Stomach- part of the digestive system, where food is
stored and partially digested before it enters the small
intestine
Excretory System
Kidneys- the major organ of the urinary system; filters
blood to produce the waste liquid called urine.
*Liver- organ in the digestive system that produces
bile and enzymes, breaks down toxins and wastes, and
has many other functions
*Lungs- pair of organs in respiratory system, where
carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged
Skin- largest organ of the body, can secrete fluids that
damage or destroy bacteria; sweat glands help regulate
body temperature
Urinary Bladder- elastic, muscular organ that stores
urine until it leaves the body
Muscular System
Cardiac Muscle- involuntary muscle tissue found only
in the heart
Involuntary Muscle- a muscle that cannot be
consciously controlled, such as heart and digestive
muscles
Skeletal Muscle- voluntary muscles that work in pairs
and move bones
Smooth Muscle- involuntary muscles that move many
internal organs, such as the stomach, intestines and
blood vessels
Voluntary Muscle- a muscle you can control, such as
arm and leg muscles
Nervous System
Brain Stem- the part of the brain extending from the
cerebrum to the spinal cord; controls and coordinates
involuntary muscle movements such as heart beats
Central Nervous System- part of the body’s control
system, including the brain and spinal cord; sorts and
interprets information from stimuli
Cerebellum- the part of the brain that coordinates
voluntary muscle movements; maintains balance and
muscle tone
Cerebrum- the part of the brain that interprets
impulses from the senses, stores memory, and controls
the work of voluntary muscles
Neurons- nerve cell that carries impulses throughout
the body; the basic unit of the nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System- part of the control
system, including cranial nerves and spinal nerves that
connect the brain and spinal cord to other body parts.
Respiratory System
Alveoli- tiny air sacs in the lungs where gases are
exchanged
Bronchi- Two short tubes that branch off the trachea
and carry air into the lungs.
Diaphragm- A large domed muscle that separates the
chest and abdomen and helps move air in and out of
the body.
*Lungs- pair of organs in respiratory system, where
carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged
Other
Enzymes- a protein in the body that helps control a
chemical reaction, such as digestion
Homeostasis- the regulation of steady, lifemaintaining conditions inside an organism or cell,
despite changes in the environment
Muscular System
Cardiac Muscle- involuntary muscle tissue found only
in the heart
Involuntary Muscle- a muscle that cannot be
consciously controlled, such as heart and digestive
muscles
Skeletal Muscle- voluntary muscles that work in pairs
and move bones
Smooth Muscle- involuntary muscles that move many
internal organs, such as the stomach, intestines and
blood vessels
Voluntary Muscle- a muscle you can control, such as
arm and leg muscles
Nervous System
Brain Stem- the part of the brain extending from the
cerebrum to the spinal cord; controls and coordinates
involuntary muscle movements such as heart beats
Central Nervous System- part of the body’s control
system, including the brain and spinal cord; sorts and
interprets information from stimuli
Cerebellum- the part of the brain that coordinates
voluntary muscle movements; maintains balance and
muscle tone
Cerebrum- the part of the brain that interprets
impulses from the senses, stores memory, and controls
the work of voluntary muscles
Neurons- nerve cell that carries impulses throughout
the body; the basic unit of the nervous system
Peripheral Nervous System- part of the control
system, including cranial nerves and spinal nerves that
connect the brain and spinal cord to other body parts.
Respiratory System
Alveoli- tiny air sacs in the lungs where gases are
exchanged
Bronchi- Two short tubes that branch off the trachea
and carry air into the lungs.
Diaphragm- A large domed muscle that separates the
chest and abdomen and helps move air in and out of
the body.
*Lungs- pair of organs in respiratory system, where
carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged
Other
Enzymes- a protein in the body that helps control a
chemical reaction, such as digestion
Homeostasis- the regulation of steady, lifemaintaining conditions inside an organism or cell,
despite changes in the environment