AP Human Geography
Exam Review
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• Label each part of your answer to correspond
with the part of the question you are answering
• Write neatly
• Review your essays
Chinatown is an example of a
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Functional region
Nodal region
Perceptual region
Formal region
Uniform region
Perceptual region
The map created by Lewis and Clark
could be called
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Thematic map
Choropleth map
Graduated circle map
General purpose map
Topographic map
General purpose map
If you wanted to see the location of
the city buildings in Seattle,
Washington, you would need a
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Large-scale map
Small-scale map
Topographic map
Graduated circle map
Choropleth map
Large-scale map
Human geography is the study of
• The physical processes of the Earth
• Who lives where, how they live, and why they
live there
• The pyschology of the human race using maps
• The culture of the human race minus
environmental influences
• How human evolved through time
Who lives where, how they live, and
why they live there
The Christian religion in South America
first spread by
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Stimulus diffusion
Relocation diffusion
Contagious diffusion
Hierarchical diffusion
Force
Relocation diffusion
The three largest population clusters
in the world are in
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East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia
East Asia, South Asia, South America
Africa, South Asia, East Asia
Australia, South Asia, East Asia
Australia, East Asia, Europe
East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia
In what stage of the demographic
transition model are the LDCs?
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First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Second
Which of the following demographic
statistics best measures the level of
reproduction occurring in a population?
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Composite birth statistics
Natal rate
CDR
CBR
TFR
TRF – total fertility rate
Which of the following statements is a
law of migration according to E.G.
Ravenstein?
• Most migration is urban to rural
• Most migrants move a great distance
• Every migration flow creates a return or counter
migration
• Most migrants consist of families
• Most international migrants are senior citizens
Every migration flow creates a return
or counter migration
Which one of the following statements
is most characteristic of a refugee?
• They usually move with official documentation
• Their first steps are often made on foot, by boat,
wagon, or bicycle
• They take all of their physical possessions with
them
• Their chief motivation is to get new jobs
• The move at a leisurely pace
Their first steps are often made on
foot, by boat, wagon, or bicycle
The process by which the English
language diffused throughout India
under British colonial rule
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Assimilation
Hierarchical diffusion
Expansion diffusion
Contagious diffusion
Stimulus diffusion
Hierarchical diffusion
When an ethnic group completely
blends with the larger society, it is
called
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Assimilation
Expansion diffusion
Hierarchical diffusion
Contagious diffusion
Acculturation
Assimilation
Which of the following is the best
example of a cultural landscape of pop
culture?
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Central business district (CBD)
Commercial strip
Shopping mall
Hotel and convention complex
Bed-and-breakfast
Shopping mall
The standardization of location that
erases cultural variety can result it
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Place image
Popular culture
Folk culture
Placelessness
A sense of place
Placelessness
Which of the following world religions
is one that proselytizes, or actively
seeks out converts?
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Judaism
Hinduism
Animism
Shamanism
Buddhism
Buddhism
Which of the following is the best
example of a nation-state?
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Germany
Italy
Vietnam
Japan
England
Japan
A part of a country that is separated
from the main country by the territory
of another country is
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An island
Ghetto
An enclave
A peninsula
A colony
An enclave
The celebration of a national holiday
is an example of
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Centrifugal force
Centripetal force
Terrorism
Insurgency
Revolution
Centripetal force
Mackinder’s Heartland-Rimland Theory
predicted
• The Muslim takeover of the world
• The rise of British colonialism
• That the Japanese would conquer the Pacific
Rim
• That a nation from Eurasia would conquer the
world
• The rise of nationalism in Europe
That a nation from Eurasia would
conquer the world
What would probably be the easiest
shape of a state for national defense?
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Compact
Elongated
Prorupt
Fragmented
Perforated
Compact
The practice of shifting cultivation is
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Slash and burn agriculture
Agribusiness
Found primarily in the tundra regions
Commercial agriculture
Pastoralism
Slash and burn agriculture
The Green Revolution introduced the
use of
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Maize
Chemical fertilizers
Mechanization
Slash-and-burn agriculture
organic farming methods
Chemical fertilizers
Which one of the following statements
does NOT correctly describe
plantations?
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They are usually found in tropical regions
They often employ alien laborers
They usually specialize in producing one crop
The soil type is the main element determining
what a plantation produces
• They satisfy a demand in temperate regions for
tropical crops like sugar, bananas, or coffee
The soil type is the main element
determining what a plantation
produces
All of the following factors are serious
negative consequences of the Green
Revolution EXCEPT
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Excessive salinity of soils
Serious groundwater depletion
Increased crop production
Lost of traditional agricultural practices
Loss of traditional crop varieties (land races)
Increased crop production
The goal of commercial agriculture is
• Minimal food security
• Genetic diversity of seeds
• Establishment of seed banks throughout the
world
• Profit maximization
• Sustainable farming practices
Profit maximization
Advertising, legal services, and
retailing are examples of
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Primary economic activities
Secondary economic activities
Tertiary economic activities
Quarternary economic activities
Quinary economic activities
Tertiary economic activities
The Industrial Revolution first diffused
from Great Britain to
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Germany
Russia
Italy
British colonies in North America
France
British colonies in North America
Which one of the following statements
does NOT correctly describe
commodity chains?
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They usually begin in periphery countries
They reap the highest profits for core countries
They involve several locations around the world
They are located near cheap sources of labor
They are centered around periphery markets for
finished goods
They are centered around periphery
markets for finished goods
Which theory below explains why two
competing pizza parlors both position
themselves in the middle of their customer
base?
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Dependency theory
The stages of economic development theory
World-systems theory
Locational interdependence theory
The domino theory
Locational interdependence theory
All of the following factors are
important in locating an industrial
activity EXCEPT
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The cost of labor
The cost of land
The market demand for the good
Government policies
Climate
Climate
An edge city could have any of the
following attributes EXCEPT
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More jobs than bedrooms
Being commonly perceived as a single place
500,000 sq ft of retail area
500,000 sq ft of office area
Being urban for 30 years or more
Being urban for 30 years or more
A crucial part of Christaller’s central
place theory is the fact that goods and
services vary in range and
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Access
Quantity
Spatial distribution
Threshold
Quality
Threshold – size of the population
needed to make it possible to supply
the good or service
If you commuted to work by automobile everyday
in the city, in which zone of Burgess’ concentric
zone model would you be most likely to live?
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1
2
3
4
5
5
The movement of middle-class
residents into run-down urban center
city neighborhoods is called
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Urban renewal
Urban sprawl
Urban revitalization
Gentrification
Multiplier effect
Gentrification
Which one of the following
characteristics does NOT apply to
cities of the developing world?
• Rapid population growth
• An inability to provide basic services for
population
• A colonial heritage
• A small informal economic sector
• A land-use pattern strongly influenced by
function of the city
A small informal economic sector
Name That Model…
Homer Hoyt - Sector Model
Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory
Von Thünen’s Agricultural Land-Use
Model
Mackinder’s Heartland-Rimland Theory
Demographic Transition Model
Rostow’s Stages of Economic
Development
Christaller’s Central Place Theory
Concentric Zone Model – Ernest Burgess
de Blij – Model of Subsaharan African
City
Griffin-Ford – Model of Latin American
City
Hotelling’s Model – Locational
Interdependence
Gravity Model – distance decay
Weber’s Least Cost Theory
Losch’s – Zone of Profitability
McGee Model – Southeast Asian cities
Harris/Ullman – Multiple Nuclei Model
The distance north and south of the
equator is the
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Global grid system
Prime Meridian
Latitude
Longitude
scale
latitude
Which type of transportation system
created the star-shaped city pattern?
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Highways to airports that link cities
Interstate highways that link cities
Beltways around cities
Sidewalks in the CBD
Streetcar and trolley lines extending from the
CBD
Streetcar and trolley lines extending
from the CBD
The concentration of production
activities and people spatially to benefit
everyone is called
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The substitution principle
Deglomeration
Agglomeration
Infrastructure
The multiplier effect
Agglomeration
Which form of migration below are
farm workers from another country
most likely to be practicing during the
year?
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Chain migration
Cluster migration
Circular migration
International migration
International travel
Circular migration
Of these, the map using the smallest
map scale would be the map of
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The world
Atlanta, Georgia
Main Street, Small Town, Ohio
Pennsylvania
South America
The world
All of the following are reasons major
cities attract young people in Latin
America EXCEPT
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The availability of jobs
The potential for decent housing
Educational opportunities
Their families live their already
The urban lifestyle
Their families live their already
The attempt by core countries to
stimulate increased agricultural
production in the periphery through
use of technology, hybrid seed, and
fertilizers is called the
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First Agricultural Revolution
Second Agricultural Revolution
Third Agricultural Revolution
Fourth Agricultural Revolution
Green Revolution
Green Revolution
Which country below is best
represented by a population pyramid
with a broad base that slopes quickly
to a narrow top?
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France
Russia
Austria
Uganda
Italy
Uganda
The use and spread of English in 19th
century India is an example of what
type of diffusion?
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Stimulus
Contagious
Hierarchal
Relocation
Migratory
Hierarchal
The outlying area serviced by an urban
center is referred to as a
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Redline area
Threshold
Range
Hinterland
Sphere of influence
Hinterland
World population tends to be
concentrated
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In continental interiors
On continental margins
In the desert
In the tropical lowlands and river valleys
At higher elevations
On continental margins
Boundary problems along the U.S.Mexico border are caused by which
type of issue below
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Ownership of fertile ground
Land use
Irredentism
Document interpretation
Immigration
Immigration
Which of the following countries does
NOT have a well-known example of a
relic boundary?
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Vietnam
United Kingdom
Germany
China
Bolivia
Bolivia
What monotheistic religion is based on
the life and teaching of Jesus Christ of
Nazareth?
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Islam
Christianity
Hinduism
Buddhism
Judaism
Christianity
The “melting pot” theory of combining
several immigrant groups into one
mainstream culture is called
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Amalgamation theory
Acculturation
Ethnic islands
Ethnic clustering
Cluster migration
Amalgamation theory
The birth of an urban industrial
workforce in Europe contributed to
the start of the
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First Agricultural Revolution
Second Agricultural Revolution
Third Agricultural Revolution
Fourth Agricultural Revolution
Green Revolution
Second Agricultural Revolution
Which of the following world regions is
NOT considered one of the world’s
most densely population regions?
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South Asia
Europe
South America
Northeast U.S.
East Asia
South America
Which language family contains
Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and
Romanian?
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European
Slavic
Germanic
Romance
Celtic
Romance
What is the most widespread primary
economic activity in the world?
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Mining
Hunting and gathering
Fishing
Agriculture
Forestry
Agriculture
Which one of the following is NOT a
centripetal force in a state?
• A high level of confidence in central government
• The existence of strong separatist groups
• The existence of national transportation
networks
• The national anthem
• The national flag
The existence of strong separatist
groups
The global lingua franca is
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Chinese
English
French
Arabic
Hindi
English
Historically, the world’s major
languages have spread by all of the
following methods EXCEPT
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Sanskrit methods
Migration
Trade
Conquest
Expanding populations
Sanskrit methods
Which urban model theorizes that
high-rent residential areas grow
outward from the center of the city
along major highways with lower-rent
inhabitants taking over sequentially?
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Concentric zone model
Central place model
Urban realms model
Sector model
Multiple-nuclei model
Sector model
Which one of the following is NOT an
advantage of urban agriculture?
• Helping to solve the problem of solid waste
disposal
• Fresh produce for sale to others
• Beautification of a dingy urban area
• Low transportation and storage costs for food
• Renewed or purified water supplies
Renewed or purified water supplies
What is the most rapidly growing
religion in the U.S. today?
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Islam
Christianity
Hinduism
Buddhism
Judaism
Islam
What is the population statistic that
tells us the level of fertility at which a
population will have just enough births
to replace parents and compensate for
early deaths?
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Crude birth rate
Replacement level
Mortality rate
Total fertility rate
Crude death rate
Replacement level
Which of the following statements
regarding historical North American
migration streams is NOT correct?
• Canada’s first major migration came from France
• Canada’s second major migration stream originated
in the British Isles
• Canada’s third major migration stream came from
Latin America
• The first major migration wave to the United States
originated in Europe
• The last major wave of immigration to the United
States from Latin America and Asia
Canada’s third major migration stream
came from Latin America
The main factor preventing
subsistence economies from advancing
economically is the lack of
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A currency
A well-connected transportation infrastructure
Government activity
A banking service
A market surplus
A well-connected transportation
infrastructure
Ankara, Turkey and Islamsbad,
Pakistan are both example of
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Desert cities
Forward-thrust capitals
Old colonial capitals
Rival cities
Low-latitude capital cities
Forward-thrust capitals
What are the two major branches of
Islam?
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Sunni and Shinto
Shinto and Shiite
Sunni and Shiite
Shamanism and Shiite
Shamanism and Sunni
Sunni and Shiite
Which type of economic activity is
most closely tied to the physical
environment?
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Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Quinary
Primary
A map that presents a single class of
statistics is called a
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General purpose map
Thematic map
Reference map
Mental map
Location map
Thematic map
Which of the following is a centrifugal
force in a country?
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Religious differences
A national holiday
An attack by another country
A charismatic national leader
Effective national government
Religious differences
In which country does language pose a
centrifugal force?
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Canada
U.S.
Brazil
Norway
Thailand
Canada
Which of the following North American
associations is NOT correct?
• Southeast – African Americans
• Oklahoma and the SW – Native Americans
• Quebec and northern Maine – French
Americans and French Canadians
• South California – Hispanic Americans
• Southern prairie provinces – African Americans
Southern prairie provinces – African
Americans
Which one of the following groups is
excluded from the caste system of
Hinduism?
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Scholar-priests
Warrior-landowners
Businessmen and farmers
Servants
Untouchables
Untouchables
Which one of the following is NOT a
factor in creating the 3rd Agricultural
Revolution?
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Use of chemical fertilizers
Use of chemical pesticides and herbicides
Mechanization
The processing and packaging of agricultural
products
• The use of field drainage systems
The use of field drainage systems
In which urban US setting below would
you expect to find planned
communities?
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Ghettos
Suburbs
CBDs
Transition zones
Barrios
Suburbs
Which of the following factors has
little or no impact on mortality rates
in the developing countries?
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New medicines
Improved birth control methods
Pesticides
Famine relief
Improved vaccines
Improved birth control methods
The Rhine River is an example of
which type of boundary?
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Geometic
Artificial
Natural
Relic
Subsequent
Natural
Which one of the following items is an
example of nonmaterial culture?
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Dove soap
Dove candy bar
Dove symbol
A dove (bird)
Dove stew
Dove symbol
Which of the following statements doe
NOT describe a factor that contributed
to suburbanization in the US?
• A shorter workweek made time for a commute
possible
• Changes in the housing mortgage regulations made
home ownership easier
• Fixed-route public transit routes increased in
importance
• Improved automobiles made transportation easier
and less limited
• Increased demands for housing occurred after
WWII ended
Fixed-route public transit routes
increased in importance
Which factor in the last quarter
century greatly destabilized Eastern
Europe and led to ethnic conflict?
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The introduction of new languages
The end of the Cold War
The invasion by the Soviets
The acceptance of many Eastern European
countries into the EU
• The adoption of the euro
The end of the Cold War
The sacred book of the Hindu is called
the
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Talmud
Bible
Torah
Veda
Koran
Veda
Urban agriculture can benefit urban
society in all of the following ways
EXCEPT
• Create sustainable food systems in urban areas
• Provide jobs for women and children
• Turn urban waste into a resource when utilized
in safe manner
• Strengthen food security for urban families
• Replace agribusiness as the main focus of global
food production
Replace agribusiness as the main focus
of global food production
Which theory below was used as
justification for US involvement in
Vietnam in the 1960s and 1970s?
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Devolution
Colonialism
Heartland theory
Rimland theory
Containment theory
Containment theory
The Basques, Bretons, Kashmiris, and
Tamils are all examples of
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Regionalist groups
Separatists groups
Terrorist groups
Interventionist groups
Religious groups
Separatists groups
The process whereby an immigrant
learns the values, language, and
customs of their new country is called
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Assimilation
Acculturation
Adaption
Amalgamation
dispersion
Acculturation
Which of the following jobs is in the
non-basic employment sector?
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Software engineer
F-10 pickup truck assembly-line worker
Oil refinery worker
Warehouse guard
Parking lot attendant
Parking lot attendant
Variations in vocabulary,
pronunciation, and rhythm in a spoken
language are called
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Syntax
Isoglosses
Lingua francas
Creoles
Dialects
Isoglosses
The intensive agricultural practice of
planting and harvesting the same crop
more than once a year is called
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Swidden
Double cropping
Pastoralism
Interlillage
Shifting agriculture
Interlillage