Middle East & Africa
v6 Efforts
Feb 2006
Latif Ladid
Thanks to Yves Poppe for
his excellent work in Africa
Dir. IP Strategy
Teleglobe
IPv6 Forum
1
Morocco
UAE
UAE
Nigeria
Bangladesh
under formation
formation
under
Uganda,
Uganda, Kenia,
Kenia,
South
South Africa
Africa
IPv6 Forum
2
Itidal Hasoon
Co-chair
MEA IPv6
Task Force
United
Arab
Emirates
3
Feb 2001
Mar 2005
Crown Prince Sheikh Ahmed Bin Saeed Al Maktoum
IPv6 Forum
Adel Gaaloul
Chair
Tunisian IPv6
Task Force
Tunisia
April 2004
Minister of Communications
IPv6 Forum
4
Baher Esmat
Chair
Egyptian IPv6
Task Force
Egypt
Sep 2004
5
Minister of Communications Dr. Tarek Kamel
IPv6 Forum
Adiel A. Akplogan
CEO AfriNIC Ltd
6
IPv6 Forum
Dr. Tarek Kamel
Honorary Chair
MEA IPv6
Task Force
Co-Chairs
7
IPv6 Forum
International subsea Cable capacity
SAT3/WASC/SAFE is the major
subsea artery circling the
continent; design capacity of
120gb on SAT3;
SEA ME
WE 3 & 4
The missing link has been the
African Eastcoast.
This will be solved with EASSy
1
6
1
7
EASSy
SAT-3/WASC
EASSy will connect into
Seamewe4
SAS-1 will connect Port Sudan
and Jeddah
SAFE
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IPv6 Forum
EASSy: the missing link
Currently US$200 million
confirmed from 26
investors including
Teleglobe
8840 km
2 fiber pair collapsed ring
Design capacity: 640Gb
RFS: Q2 2007
See : http://eassy.org/
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IPv6 Forum
Regional terrestrial cables systems
5
1
5
2
• Comesa Comtel project
– 21 national telecom operators
• Comafrica Com-7 project
• SADC SRII project
5
0
4
8
3
5
E 4
4
5
E E3 3 4 4
E
/ 4
3
4 9
1 3 E4 E
6
3 28
4
/
4
E
7
8
3
5 4
6
2
0
4
5
1
17
9
1
4
1
6
2
1
2
2
1
13
56
9
7
4
2
3
2
5
o
8
1
1
1 1 1 33
2
0
1
9 2 23
42 2
0
5
2 2 217
3 6 88
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IPv6 Forum
Easier via satellite?
• Canada’s IDRC recent studies indicate:
– “Prohibitions on VSAT hamper the roll out of telecom
infrastructure, and high license fees make VSAT
inaccessible for most of the smaller institutions
which comprise 90% of the private and nongovernmental sector in Africa.”
– Paren report: IP bandwidth in Africa up to
50 times more expensive than in America;
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IPv6 Forum
Internet in Africa
• Healthy growth in percentage terms
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IPv6 Forum
Internet in Africa
• Healthy growth in absolute terms
Highest capacity international hub cities for Africa
in Mbps - source: Primetrica 2005
Cairo
Johannesburg
Rabat
Cape Town
Algiers
Dakar
Tunis
2002
555
207
152
136
144
38
79
2003
1287
342
167
284
159
84
200
2004
1293
710
312
171
163
315
200
2005
2064
1059
624
469
344
315
310
Internet bandwidth connected to African
locations across international borders
Data as of mid 2005
IPv6 Forum
Top « overseas »
connectivity
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Fast growth in number of internet users
INTERNET USERS AND POPULATION STATISTICS FOR AFRICA
AFRICA
REGION
Total for
Africa
Population
( 2005 Est. )
Pop. %
in
World
Internet Users,
Latest Data
Penetration
(% Population)
% Users
in
World
Use Growth
(2000-2005)
896,721,874
14.0 %
23,917,500
2.7 %
2.5 %
429.8 %
Rest of the
World
5,523,380,848
86.0 %
948,910,501
17.2 %
97.5 %
166.2 %
WORLD
TOTAL
6,420,102,722
100.0
%
972,828,001
15.2 %
100.0
%
169.5 %
Source: ITU
updated nov 2005
IPv6 Forum
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Internet exchanges in Africa
An increasing number of
internet exchanges is
essential to the growth of the
internet in Africa and to
prepare the continent for the
upcoming IP convergence
Too much African content is
hosted outside the continent.
IX’s would be ideal locations
for initial deployment and
support of both IPv4 and IPv6
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Source: nsrc
status june 2005
IPv6 Forum
Africa goes mobile
8
67 million
mobile
phones
per 100 inhabitants
7
6
5
4
31 million
fixed line
phones
3
2
1
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
year
Mobile and fixed subscribers per 100 inhabitants
source: ITU
IPv6 Forum
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Africa started on the path to 3G!
Market
Q3 2003
Q4 2003
Q1 2004
Q2 2004
Q3 2004
Q4 2004
World
1,621,103
2,754,129
4,356,108
7,477,462
11,446,130 16,517,916 23,622,605 29,357,065 40,072,811
Africa
---
---
---
---
---
---
10,853
Asia Pacific
1,138,597
2,079,622
3,383,308
5,114,795
7,222,355
9,470,851
13,066,071 15,791,601 21,451,689
Europe: Western
482,506
674,507
968,916
2,353,885
4,094,914
6,744,243
10,139,417 13,016,978 17,868,570
Middle East
---
---
3,884
8,782
19,326
44,997
75,667
112,440
157,390
USA/Canada
---
---
---
---
109,535
245,545
302,214
361,172
470,527
Source: GSMA number of WCDMA connections
Note that ITU estimates 67 million mobile phone users
for Africa by end 2005 up from 61.2 million year before
IPv6 Forum
Q1 2005
Q2 2005
26,341
Q3 2005
50,359
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Africa’s routes to WLAN’s
• Wi-fi?
– Knysna, S.A. : Africa's first Municipal Wi-Fi Broadband Network
offers VoIP and Internet Access (allAfrica.com nov 7th)
– Wifinder (see http://www.wifinder.com/ ) lists African wi-fi hotspots for
Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia
• WiMax?
–
–
–
–
ZTE to install a 3 city Wi-Max for Angola’s Mundostartel
Alvarion to install Wi-max in Kinshasa
Telkom SA trial Wi-Max
“Intel, is expanding to Nigeria and Kenya to beef up its African
business and hopes WiMax wireless technology will be launched
commercially on the continent this year.
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Etc, etc..
IPv6 Forum
The IPv6 factor
• Toward IP converged telecommunications
– First opportunity for upgrade to a new and improved
protocol version and address scheme since 01/1983
– Prerequisite to make IP Convergence and related service
and revenue opportunities a reality.
– Inflexion point in the evolution of telecommunications
– Early mover advantage in the foodchain.
– IP Governance was major issue at recent WSIS.
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IPv6 Forum
What does IPv6 bring to the table?
• Solves address shortage
• Restores p2p
• Mobility
– Better spectrum utilization
– Better battery life!
• Security
– Ipsec mandatory
• Multicast
• Neighbour discovery
–
–
–
–
Ad-Hoc networking
Home networks
Plug and play
Auto configuration
• Permanent addresses
– Identity (CLID)
– Traceability (RFID)
– Sensors and monitoring
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ADSL, cable, 3G, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max
provide the always-on
IPv6 Forum
What drives IP Convergence?
– Application domains:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mobile IP and 3G
Disruptive on most existing carrier
Voice, radio, TV over IP
business models
Grid, Infiniband
Massive multiplayer games
RFID, control and sensor networks
Microsoft
– Critical mass of:
• digital communicating end-user devices
• high speed always on access
– National policies:
• Research and Education networks
• National Defense
• National/regional policies and economic weight
IPv6 Forum
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Should Africa start to move now?
• Yes!
– IP convergence will impacts many aspects of human
activities and practically all industries
– Periods of rapid change give a chance to leapfrog to new
technologies and close development and economic gaps.
– Transition to IPv6 is one of the essential ingredients to
reap the economic benefits of this new converged world.
• The continent started the transition already
– The Research and Education Community and some
progressive carriers show the way
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IPv6 Forum
Egypt’s R&E Community will be ready
• September 26th:
– Juniper announces that MCIT (Egyptian Ministry of
Communication and Information Technology) has
selected them to build a nationwide IPv6 network for
the EUN and National Research Centers.
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IPv6 Forum
N
u
African R&E Community
• Virtual University Concept
– Ideal in very distributed geographies
such as Africa or Canada
– Dependent on quality end to end
telecommunications
– Perfect use of R&E networks
– AFUNET initiative should consider
dual stack IPv4/IPv6 networking
from the start
• AFUNET will connect to their IPv4/IPv6 enabled
counterparts Géant, Internet2, APAN
IPv6 Forum
24
Khawarizmi-v6
Morocco
UAE
UAE
Nigeria
Bangladesh
under formation
Uganda,
Uganda, Kenia,
Kenia,
South
South Africa
Africa
IPv6 Forum
25
Khawarizmi and 6Mandela projects
• The Khawarizmi concept was first presented at the
Egyptian IPv6 Summit in May 2005 and suggested to
expand it to Africa with 6Mandela
• The main idea was:
– Negotiate consensus and approval of carriers/ISP’s involved, this
under the auspices of national and regional IPv6 fora, with support
of national Ministries of Information Technologies
– Set up a budget for the acquisition of tunnel brokers where required
– Start with a core of two, preferably three countries to demonstrate
ease of feasibility and trigger a domino effect.
– Consider some applications (i.a. mobile IPv6 push service )
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IPv6 Forum
27
IPv6 Forum
Tunnelbroker IPv6 connectivity in the Arab World
as catalyst for Khawarizmi project
Other Tier 1
IPV6 networks
Teleglobe
Teleglobe
IPV4
IPV6
network
network
Teleglobe
6PE router(s)
Teleglobe
IPV4 router(s)
IPV6 over
IPV4 tunnels
Planned connectivity to
Yemen Telecom (PTC)
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KACST
IPv6 Forum
Path to IPv6 : Teleglobe case study
• Major points of consideration:
– Speed of transition to pervasive IPv6? major unknown
– Need for a positive customer IPv6 experience.
– Customer exposure to IPv6 : from nil to advanced.
• Approach minimizing investment and operational risk:
– Quality native peering with the IPv6 world using dedicated routers at
multiple sites in North-America, Europe and Asia.
– MPLS transport through the core
– Customer access:
• Teleglobe provided IPv6 over IPv4 Hexago tunnel broker using TSP
(Tunnel Set-up Protocol) with AAA
• Native IPv6 access to Teleglobe Cisco 6PE enabled dual-stack
access routers.
IPv6 Forum
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