Digital
Storytelling
Digital
stories in the
classroom
…a telling experience
A digital storytelling workshop based on the
book to be published by Corwin Press, Fall, 2006
www.jasonOhler.com
Digital
Storytelling
Assessment
Reason teachers
don’t require more
new media projects
from students??
Not comfortable
assessing new
media…
So, let’s help them…
Digital
Storytelling
Assessment
New Media
Assessment
Project
Interested?
Contact me:
jason.ohler@uas.alaska.edu
Digital
Storytelling
Show
“School Train”
How would you
assess this?
Thanks to Glen Bledsoe
www.jasonOhler.com
Digital
Storytelling
What’s digital storytelling about?
•
•
•
•
stories and storytelling…
speaking new media…
joining the story culture…
shifting from consumer to
producer, prosumer…
• constructivist, project based
learning…
• blending story, analytical thinking
Digital
Storytelling
What’s digital storytelling about?
•
•
•
•
stories and storytelling…
speaking new media…
joining the story culture…
shifting from consumer to
producer, prosumer…
• constructivist, project based
learning…
• blending story, analytical thinking
Digital
Storytelling
What do stories do…?
• provide non-linear, rhythmic info
container, interface with world…
• simplify, structure…
• teach, promote meaning, survival…
• personalize, create identity…
• socialize, acculturate…
• contextualize…important in Info Age
Digital
Storytelling
What do stories do…?
• provide non-linear, rhythmic info
container, interface with world…
• simplify, structure…
• teach, promote meaning, survival…
• personalize, create identity…
• socialize, acculturate…
• contextualize…important in Info Age
Digital
Storytelling
What do stories do…?
• provide non-linear, rhythmic info
container, interface with world…
• simplify, structure…
• teach, promote meaning, survival…
• personalize, create identity…
• socialize, acculturate…
• contextualize…important in Info Age
Digital
Storytelling
What do stories do…?
• provide non-linear, rhythmic info
container, interface with world…
• simplify, structure…
• teach, promote meaning, survival…
• personalize, create identity…
• socialize, acculturate…
• contextualize…important in Info Age
Digital
Storytelling
Digital
Storytelling
Once upon a
time, there
was a …
Story
planning…
Digital
Storytelling
No formulas…
only forms of you
Digital
Storytelling
Traditional story planning process
1. Get a story idea
2. Develop storyboard or outline and script
Digital
Storytelling
Traditional story boarding
Technical direction
Angle:
Shot:
Movement:
Audio:
Technical direction
Angle:
Shot:
Movement:
Audio:
Digital
Storytelling
Story board for “We Won’t Leave School”
None - ambient happy
school bus noise
Technical direction
Angle: wide
Shot: side of bus, going to
school
Movement: follow bus
Audio: music (Born to Learn)
Teacher at door,
greeting each child as
they enter
Technical direction
Angle: wide, zoom in
Shot: front of school,
students entering
Movement: stationary
Audio: music, cont.
Digital
Storytelling
Story board for “We Won’t Leave School”
None - voice over with
ambient happy school,
bus noise
Technical direction
Angle: wide
Shot: side of bus, going to
school
Movement: follow bus
Audio: music (Born to Learn)
Script, voice over narration:
Teacher at door,
greeting each child as
they enter
“Once upon a time there were children so in love
with school they refused to leave when summer
vacation came. They demanded to keep learning.
‘More math problems!’ they cried.”
http://www.csupomona.edu/~wcweber/325/storybd.htm
Digital
Storytelling
Traditional story planning process
1. Get a story idea
2. Develop storyboard or outline and script
Digital
Storytelling
Traditional story planning process
1. Get a story idea
NO!
2. Develop storyboard or outline and script
Digital
Storytelling
New story planning process
1. Get a story idea
2. Develop story map
3. Develop storyboard or outline and script
New!
Digital
Storytelling
Visual Portrait of Story (VPS)
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
growth)
Problem
(tension)
Solution
(resolution)
“the call to
adventure…”
closure
Ordinary life…
“Life” resumes…
Beginning
End
(Dillingham, 2001)
Digital
Storytelling
VPS + transformation = quest
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
Problem
(tension)
“the call to
adventure…”
Ordinary life…
growth)
Solution
(resolution)
closure
Transformation?
Beginning
“Life” resumes…
End
(Dillingham, Ohler 2003)
Digital
Storytelling
Kinds of
stories…
Digital
Storytelling
VPS + transformation = quest
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
Problem
(tension)
“the call to
adventure…”
Ordinary life…
growth)
Solution
(resolution)
closure
Transformation?
Beginning
“Life” resumes…
End
(Dillingham, Ohler 2003)
Digital
Storytelling
VPS + realization/decision = personal story
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
Problem
(tension)
“the call to
adventure…”
Ordinary life…
growth)
Solution
(resolution)
closure
realization, decision?
Beginning
“Life” resumes…
End
(Dillingham, Ohler 2003)
Digital
Storytelling
VPS + learning = curriculum story
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
Inquiry
(tension)
“the call to
adventure…”
Ordinary life…
growth)
Discovery
(resolution)
closure
learning? growth?
Beginning
“Life” resumes…
End
(Dillingham, Ohler 2003)
Digital
Storytelling
Make students
heroes of their
own learning
stories…
Digital
Storytelling
VPS + creative focus = art story
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
Inspiration
(tension)
“the call to
adventure…”
Ordinary life…
growth)
Realization
(resolution)
closure
artistic growth?
Beginning
“Life” resumes…
End
(Dillingham, Ohler 2003)
Digital
Storytelling
Story mapping…
1. Maps the emotional flow of story…
2. Shows relationship between events and story
elements…
Digital
Storytelling
Story mapping…
1. Maps the emotional flow of story…
2. Shows relationship between events and story
elements…
3. Happens early in project…teacher can challenge
4. Is simple, no tech required…
Digital
Storytelling
Story mapping…
1. Maps the emotional flow of story…
2. Shows relationship between events and story
elements…
3. Happens early in project…teacher can challenge
4. Is simple, no tech required…
5. Story as information container…
students understand story rhythm…
Digital
Storytelling
Story mapping…
1. Maps the emotional flow of story…
2. Shows relationship between events and story
elements…
3. Happens early in project…teacher can challenge
4. Is simple, no tech required…
5. Story as information container…
students understand story rhythm…
6. Works with all storytelling, media…
high tech, low tech, no tech…
Digital
Storytelling
Transformation
Digital
Storytelling
What’s the nature of transformation?
Middle
(conflict,
- challenge
- opportunity
- goal
opportunity)
Problem
(tension)
Solution
(resolution)
closure
Ordinary life…
Beginning
Transformation?
“Life” resumes…
End
Digital
Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…
1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
Digital
Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…
1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2. Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
3. Emotional - maturity, realization
4. Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
Digital
Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…
1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2.
3.
4.
5.
Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
Emotional - maturity, realization
Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
Psychological - insight, self-awareness,
realization, revelation
6. Social - realizing responsibility
Digital
Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…
1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2.
3.
4.
5.
Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
Emotional - maturity, realization
Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
Psychological - insight, self-awareness,
realization, revelation
6. Social - realizing responsibility
7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem
solving, critical thinking, realizing new
understandings
8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation
Digital
Storytelling
8 Levels of character transformation…
1. Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity,
realizing potential
2.
3.
4.
5.
Inner strength - courage, realizing potential
Emotional - maturity, realization
Moral - conscience, realizing “right”
Psychological - insight, self-awareness,
realization, revelation
6. Social - realizing responsibility
7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving,
critical thinking, realizing new understandings
8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation
Digital
Storytelling
Bloom’s taxonomy as transformation…
Level
Kind
Explanation
#6
Evaluation
Character assesses situation, critiques
and/or defends idea, person; evaluates a
situation in order to respond to it…
#5
Synthesis
Character pieces together parts to form
new understanding of situation…
#4
Analysis
Character deconstructs a situation,
distinguishes among options, plans or
organizes something, compares and
contrasts different things…
#3
Application
Character discovers, constructs or
changes something; applies
understanding to a new situation…
#2
Comprehension
Character explains, interprets, predicts
something…
#1
Knowledge
Character knows, remembers,
describes something…
“ William Tell and
the Little Girl
Who Could Fix
Computers…”
(I tell a story… we debrief)
Digital
Storytelling
Show
“Rolling Ball”
Tx to Glen Bledsoe
www.jasonOhler.com
Digital
Storytelling
Future of
digital
storytelling
Digital
Storytelling
Assessing
digital stories
Digital
Storytelling
Assessment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
story
content
technique
clarity/voice
tone/flow/POV
media blend
literacy
artifacts
Digital
Storytelling
Assessment
Story on the digital
stage is just tip of
artifact/assessment
iceberg…
Digital
Storytelling
Assessment
Story on the digital
stage is just tip of
artifact/assessment
iceberg…
Beneath story: storyboards, story maps, scripts,
photos, footage, music, logs, media lists,
narratives, treatments…lots of writing “under
the radar”…if it ain’t on the page…
Digital
Storytelling
DAOW of literacy…
Digital
storytelling
blends a number
of literacies…
Digital
Storytelling
DAOW of literacy…digital
• effective,
creative,
and wise…
• why, when
and when
not, as well
as what and
how to…
• media
literacy…
Digital
Storytelling
Media literacy
• “Media acts as frame, filter on the
world while appearing to be a
clear window”… GOODMAN
Digital
Storytelling
Media literacy
• “Media acts as frame, filter on the
world while appearing to be
a clear window”… GOODMAN
• Piercing the neocortex… techniques of
media persuasion…
Digital
Storytelling
Media literacy
• “Media acts as frame, filter on
the world while appearing to be
a clear window”… GOODMAN
• Piercing the neocortex… techniques of
media persuasion…
• Understanding media by doing media…
Digital
Storytelling
Media literacy
• “Media acts as frame, filter on
the world while appearing to be
a clear window”… GOODMAN
• Piercing the neocortex… techniques of
media persuasion…
• Understanding media by doing media…
• Traditional literacy IS media literacy; V
2.0 essays = advertising…
Digital
Storytelling
DAOW of literacy…art
• 4th R…
• design, the
grammar of
art…
• storytelling =
mixed media...
Digital
Storytelling
DAOW of literacy…oral
• timeless
skills…
• works with no,
low and high
tech…
• improves
expression…
• video
encourages
storytelling…
• expectation of
presentation…
timeless
skills…
Digital
Storytelling
DAOW of literacy…written
• if it ain’t on
the page…
• language of
shared
plans…
• narratives,
ideas, scripts,
etc…
• deep
processing…
if it ain’t on
the page…
Digital
Storytelling
Show Hannah
Davis story…
Digital
Storytelling
Thinking
stories…
about
• Stories are dangerous
• What stories do
• Making a story work
Digital
Storytelling
Stories are dangerous
Art Theater
vs.
Political theater
VS.
From Good Ideas Need Love Too by Alan Kay
Digital
Storytelling
Two kinds of thinking
Story thinking
vs.
VS.
Analytic thinking
Digital
Storytelling
Two kinds of thinking
Story thinking
vs.
Analytic thinking
VS.
Report/
Documentary
Story
Where…?
?
Digital
Storytelling
Story spine by Kenn Adams
The platform • Once upon a time…
• Every day…
The catalyst: • But one day…
The consequences: • Because of that…
• Because of that…
• Because of that…
The climax: • Until finally…
The resolution: • Ever since then…
• The moral of this story
is…
by Adams
Digital
Storytelling
Story telling
in business &
organizations…
Digital
Storytelling
?
Other kinds
of stories…
Digital
Storytelling
Other kinds of stories…
- non-universal stories…
Barre Toelken, Director of the Folklore Program, Utah University
- circular, non-linear stories…
House
Made of Dawn (Momaday), Pulp Fiction, If You Give a Mouse…
- user-driven stories, games
- learn rules, break rules…
my photography teacher
- experience all kinds of stories,
make your own maps…
ending #1…?
ending #2…?
Digital
Storytelling
Other kinds of stories…
Choose your metaphor
- a poem? short story?
- an academic explanation?
- news report?
- a TV episode? a rock video?
- an ad? PSA?
- a personal narrative?
Digital
Storytelling
Time check…
What’s
left?
Digital
Storytelling
Thinking about
the production
process...
 amplifier effect
 tech teaching tips
 rule of 80/20
 media grammar
Rule of 80/20
20%
- costs, resources -
Digital
Storytelling
First 80%
Last
20%
- project completion -
Rule of 80/20
glitz, fixing every
little thing…
20%
- costs, resources -
Digital
Storytelling
First 80%
the
production
wall
Hitting the
production
wall
Last
20%
- project completion -
Rule of 80/20
My advice?
Forget the last
20%!!!
20%
- costs, resources -
Digital
Storytelling
First 80%
Last
20%
- project completion -
Digital
Storytelling
Media grammar…
• lighting…
• sound…
• steady shots…
• mixing…
• CRAP design (Williams)
• …unless on purpose…
‘Media have their own grammar…’
McLuhan
Digital
Storytelling
1. Step one?
2. Step two?
Elements of
the production
process...
3...then what?
Digital
Storytelling
- GOING DIGITAL, BASIC PROCESS Preproduction
Production
• ideas,
story storm
• VPS
• peer pitch
• storyboard,
scripting
• make
media list
• gather
materials
• make
voiceover,
music
• take pics,
video
• scan pics,
objects
• formative
review by
peers,
teachers
Postproduction
Performance
Distribution
• edit media
• assemble all
media into
one product
• mix, add
transitions,
titles
• final edit of
product
• credits,
citations
• showing in
class,
community
• web posting
• local TV?
• JUMP
• DVD?
• notifying
others
Digital
Storytelling
- MAKING A CAKE, BASIC PROCESS Preproduction
Production
• get recipe
• consult
others
• read
through
process
• gather
ingredients
• make
dough
• make
frosting
• assemble
• bake
• let cool
Postproduction
Performance
Distribution
• frost
• decorate
• add candles
• credits,
citations for
those who
helped
• cut the cake
• distribute,
share
• seconds
anyone?
• take
leftovers to
work
• share
recipe
Digital
Storytelling
Typical digital story (for now)
• 2-4 minutes
• uses “standard” (usually cheap)
end user gear
• still pictures (scanned objects, old
photos, digital photos)
• voice-over narration
• titles, transitions, music
Digital
Storytelling
Emerging digital stories…
• video, green screen…
• oral storytelling, original art, music…
• voice-over animation…
• VR? holography? haptics? etc?
• interactivity, games…
…whatever comes,
we will tell find ways
• distributed, shared
to tell stories with it…
stories…
Digital
Storytelling
Kinds of digital stories…
Traditional
Media scale
DEOST
Digital
?
Where…?
• performance, role of human voice…?
• level, role of technology…?
• amount, kind of editing…?
Digital
Storytelling
Finding
resources…
Digital
Storytelling
Basic ingredients?
- images, pictures…
- voice-over; self, interviews
- software additions: transitions and
titles…
- music, sounds, noises, found
sound…
- video, animation perhaps…
Digital
Storytelling
Finding images…?
- digital photos…
- web images © …
- image services…
- scanned images…
- scanned things…
- video, video still shots…
Digital
Storytelling
What can you scan…?
- photos, greeting cards, letters,
report cards, personal papers…
- fabric, jewelry, keys, watches,
medals…any small object…
- flowers, leaves, book covers, hair
braids, drawings, mementos, art
work, wall paper… anything
Adapted from DIGITALES by Bernajean Porter
Digital
Storytelling
Curriculum images…?
- lesson plans, portfolios…
- student work, text books…
- parent comments, school board
minutes, report cards…
- primary, secondary sources…
- web sites, blogs…
Digital
Storytelling
Whence come sounds, music?
- voice over, interviews, poetry
readings, sound track from old
videos, web sounds, effects…
Digital
Storytelling
Whence come sounds, music?
- voice over, interviews, poetry
readings, sound track from old
videos, web sounds, effects…
- CDs, web, movies ©, GarageBand
etc., singing, playing…friends…
Digital
Storytelling
Whence come sounds, music?
- voice over, interviews, poetry
readings, sound track from old videos,
web sounds, effects…
- CDs, web, movies ©, GarageBand etc.,
singing, playing…friends…
- found sounds, recording and/or
processing sounds…
Digital
Storytelling
Web resources…?
Graphics
Sounds, music
- animationstation.com
- backgroundcity.com
- creativecommons.org
- freefoto.com
- freegraphics.com
- freephotographs.net
- fresherimage.com
- office/microsoft.com
- pics4learning.com
- stockedphotos.com
-
freemusic.com
freeplaymusic.com
Google (burp+sound)
ljudo.com
pacdy.com/sounds/index.html
- sounddogs.com
- stonewashed.net/sfx.htm
- wavecentral.com
Works cited
• Works, pictures, diagrams and web resources referenced in
presentations are identified in the following slides.
• Those referenced in black are those more often used in the
“Digital Storytelling” presentation. Those referenced in red
are those more often used in the “Then What?”
presentation. Those referenced in green are those more
often used in the “Teachies are from Venus, Techies are
from Mars” presentation. However, presentations are
always in a state of evolution, and any resource may appear
in any presentation.
• Every effort has been made to identify sources, obtain
permission, provide compensation when required, and
respect copyright.
• You are free to use the content in this presentation for noncommercial, in-house, informal purposes. Please include
this “works cited” section if you do.
• Feel free to contact me.
Works cited
Diagrams, books cited
Bloom, Benjamin, and David Krathwohl. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of
Educational Goals. New York: Longmans, Green, 1956.
Breneman, Lucille, and Bren Breneman. Once Upon a Time - A Storytelling Handbook. Chicago: Nelson-Hall,
1983.
Brown, John Seely, Stephen Denning, Katalina Groh, and Laurence Prusak. Storytelling in Organizations.
Oxford: Heinemann, 2005.
Campbell, Joseph, and Krathwohl. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Princeton: Princeton University Press,
1973.
Denning, Stephen. The Springboard - How Storytelling Ignites Action in Knowledge-Era Organizations.
Oxford: Heinemann, 2001.
Dillingham, Brett. "Performance Literacy." The Reading Teacher. Sept. 2005: 72-75.
Egan, Kiernan, and . Teaching as Story Telling. Chicago: Chicago Press, 1989.
Freytag. Die Technik des Dramas (Technique of Drama). 1863.
Goodman, Steven. Teaching Youth Media. New York: Teacher's College Press, 2003.
Works cited, cont.
Diagrams, books cited, continued…
Kay, A. (1996). “Revealing the elephant: The use and misuse of computers in education.”Sequence, 31(4), 1-2.
Lambert, Joe. Digital Storytelling Cookbook and Traveling Companion. 3 ed. Berkeley: Digital Diner Press,
2003.
McKee, John. Story- Substance, Structure, Style and the Principles of Screenwriting. New York: HarperCollins,
1997.
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
MomaDay, N. Scott. House Made of Dawn. New York: HarperCollins, 1969.
Nueroff, Laura Joffe. If You Give a Mouse a Cookie: New York: Laura Geringer, 1985.
Porter, Bernajean. Digitales: The Art of Telling Digital Stories. Sedalia: Porter Publications, 2004.
Simmons, Annette. The Story Factor. Cambridge: Perseus Books, 1997.
Tarantino, Quentin. Pulp Fiction. 1994.
Telford, Kenneth. Aristotle Poetics, Translation and Analysis. Chicago: Regenery, 1970.
Theodosakis, Nikos. Director in the Classroom. San Diego: Tech4Learning Publishing, 2001.
Toelken, Barre. "The Icebergs of Folktale: Misconception, Misuse, Abuse." Who Says? Essays on Pivotal Issues
in Contemporary Storytelling. Ed. Carol Birch. Little Rock: August House, 1996. 35-63.
Resources cited
Graphics, photos, from Clipart.com (thru an annual fee):
• Alarm clock: 21767547-alarmClock.jpg
• Angry lady: fear-anger-lady-19066489.jpg
• Art the artitst: peck048j.thb.jpg
• Baby with luminescent computer: 32354173babyComputer.jpg
• Ball and chain: BallAndChain-1835320.jpg
• Brainstorming: sy17981.thb.brainstorm.jpg
• Comedy-tragedy-masks: 21724700drama.thb.jpg
• Committee: 2359488committee.jpg
• Virtual Community: g0166537.thb-virtual-community.jpg
• Computer director: 20856935director.jpg
• Credo: crctr573.thb.oldman.jpg
• Crowd: 2541410.crowd.jpg
• Digital camera (part of media collage in bubble): 20076414digital.jpg
• Dragon on knight’s chest: 14697971dragon.jpg
• Fear cartoon: 14753071-fear.jpg
• GarageSale-Stuff: 1722608.garage.sale5.jpg
• Guy with idea light bulb: 3049773-idea.jpg
• Guy balancing computers: 20207046.thb-balance.jpg
• Hammerguy: Microsoft stock clip art
• Hearts arguing; 20436442-heartsArguing.jpg
• Kid in movie theater: 19016181theater.jpg
• Kid painting: kid-painting-20160430.gif
• Kid thinking 30899756kidThinking.thb.jpg
• Kid with A+ paper: 22316907evaluation.thb.jpg
Resources, cont.
Graphics, photos, from Clipart.com (thru an annual fee):
• Kid with magnifying glass: 19121841evaluation2.jpg.
• Kids behind Edwina: 4144104.happy.children.jpg.
• Kim: 3242484.cyber-chick3.jpg; composite, all elments unknown.
• Knight: 19884228knight.jpg.
• Looking For: 21031472lookingFor.jpg.
• Man crawling: 00a.thm.man.crawling.gif.
• Man and son: 1840568.father.and.son.jpg.
• Man Hitting computer: 14727973.hitting.computer.jpg.
• Mind, Idea, lightbulb: 3049773-idea.jpg.
• Mr. Big: weath031.thb.mr.big.jpg.
• Mr. Big’s lawn chair: 1943880.lawn.chair.jpg.
• Ouch: Ouch-22029918.jpgstairs.jpg.
• Puppet stage: punchnjudy-22091633.gif.
• School bus: 21071624-schoolBus.jpg.
• Storyteller to child in bed, g0165059.thb.
• Sunglasses on kid: 21793429sunglasses.jpg.
• Sunglasses: 20677551sunglasses.jpg.
• Sunset (Arizona Magazine): 1116818.sunset.jpg.
• Teacher in purple jacket; file name unknown.
• Theater audience: 19016493theaterAudience.jpg.
• Willamina: wrkwm069.thb.preacher.woman-1.jpg.
• William on ledge of objectivity: 741289.mr.big.ledge.jpg.
• Woman storyteller: g0165059.thb.storytelling.jpg.
• Yin-yang-3074759.jpg.
Resources, cont.
Graphics, photos, from sources other than Clipart.com:
• 4Ts lady: source unknown.
• Brad Pitt photo: int001y.jpg; site unknown.
• Computer heads, man & woman: source unknown.
• Cow lips: http://212.43.196.62/pix/pix_tn/CowLips.jpg
• Crazy man: crazy.jpg; source unknown.
• Edwina Tech: basic-info-librarians.gif; origin unknown.
• Fourth R on easel - citation lost.
• Hannah, with permission from parents.
• Oil can man: source unknown.
• Picture of Don King/Howard Dean on stage before a crowd, from Chris Bischoff
(chris@clbischoff.com).
• Savoonga kids (with permission from parents), 1997.
• Sticking tongue out (baby)- source unknown.
• Then What? cover, by Jeri Smith, 2001.
Resources, cont.
Graphics, photos, from other sources other than Clipart.com:
• Totem Pole picture by Dodge, Jack and Mary. "picture of Mary at totem pole ." Travel:
Americas: US: Alaska, Kenai Fjords. June 2004. jackandmaryetc.com. 07 Apr. 2006.
<http://jackmaryetc.com/Travel/US/Alaska/Alaska1.htm>.
• Wearing computer: Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 11, November, 1998
WearComp as a new framework for Intelligent Signal Processing Steve Mann,
1998 (found at
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wearcam.org/wearcomp4small.jpg&imgr
efurl=http://wearcam.org/hi/&h=1024&w=700&sz=68&tbnid=vX8sgpcVWZtccM:&tbn
h=150&tbnw=102&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwearcomp%26svnum%3D1
0%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Doff%26sa%3DG).
Web sources cited
Copyright source info from web
1. Harper, Georgia. "Fair Use Guidelines For Educational Multimedia." Multimedia Fair Use
Guideline (CCUMU). University of Texas General Counsel Office. 04 Apr. 2006
<http://www.utsystem.edu/ogc/intellectualproperty/ccmcguid.htm#5>.
2. "Copyright Basics." Copyright Kids!. Copyright Kids. 04 Apr. 2006
<http://www.copyrightkids.org/cbasicsframes.htm>.
3. "Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format." OWL at Purdue University: Using
Modern Language Association (MLA) Format. Online Writing Lab (OWL), Purdue
University. 03 Apr. 2006 <http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_mla.html>.
Other resources
•
•
•
•
Adams, Kenn. The Story Spine. One source for this is:
<http://www.creativityzone.ca/ResourceZone_Subpages/Games_Subpages/01.html>
Christenson, Michael. Adapt-a-Map, story map created of an advertisement for Media
Literacy class, 2005.
Microsoft clipart.
Storyboard template: <http://www.csupomona.edu/~wcweber/325/storybd.htm>
This is version 5 of this presentation. Original file name: dst-V5.ppt. Saved online as dst-master.ppt. Last modified
April 22, 2006.