You CAN NOT, NOT communicate.
How do you interpret
this picture?
How do you interpret
this picture?
How do you interpret
this picture?
Nonverbal
Communication
Chapter 4
Definition
 Nonverbal Communication is
“the process of using
MESSAGES THAT ARE NOT
WORDS to generate meaning”
(p. 86).
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication
Verbal & Nonverbal Comm:
Coexisting Together
 Repetition
 Same message sent verbally and
nonverbally.
 Emphasis
 Using NV to strengthen your message.
 Complementation
 V & NV add meaning to each other and
expand on either message alone.
Verbal & Nonverbal Comm:
Coexisting Together
 Contradiction
 V & NV conflict.
 Lying?
 Substitution
 NV says it all.
 Regulation
 NV used to monitor and control interactions.
Nonverbal Codes
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Kinesics
Proxemics
Attraction
Chronemics
Haptics (Tactics)
Paralinguistics
Artifacts
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Kinesics
 Body Movement and Facial Expressions
 Posture, movement, facial expressions
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Kinesics (continued)
 Emblems – movements that substitute
words and phrases.
 Illustrators – accompany or reinforce V.
 Affect displays – emotional displays.
 Regulators – control flow or pace of
interaction.
 Adaptors – public adaptations of private
behavior.
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Space
 Proxemics (E.T. Hall) – The study of the
human use of space and distance.
 Territoriality
 How do you mark a space as YOURS???
 Personal Space
 How “close” is close enough???
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Proxemics (continued)
You
Intimate
Distance
0-18’’
Personal
Distance
18’’-4’ 4’-12’ 12’-Infinity
Social
Distance
Public
Distance
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Physical Attraction
 In groups, discuss what you find
attractive in potential
boyfriends/girlfriends
 To a large extent, these are learned.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pcFlxSlO
KNI
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Time
 Chronemics – “the way people organize
and use time and the messages that are
created because of our organization and use
of it” (p. 89).
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Touching
 Tactile communication – “the use of touch
in communication” (p. 90).
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Paralinguistics – along with words
 Vocal cues – “all of the oral aspects of
sound except words themselves” (p. 92)
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Vocal Cues
 Pitch – highness or lowness of voice
 Rate – how rapidly or slowly you speak
 Inflection – variety or changes in pitch
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Vocal Cues
 Volume – loudness/softness
 Quality – unique voice characteristics
(huskiness, nasality, raspiness, whininess)
 Nonword sounds – “mmm” “ahh” “umm”
“huh”
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Vocal Cues
 Pronunciation – correct speech
 Tournament
 Mom
 Articulation – opposite of mumbling
 Enunciation – pronunciation + articulation
 Silence – lack of sound
Types of Nonverbal Codes
 Object language – “the study of human
use of clothing and other artifacts as
nonverbal codes” (p. 94).
What artifacts do you see?
Questions?
Group Discussion Time
1. What nonverbal artifacts are considered
undesirable or inappropriate by
US/Japan (in business, family, society)?
2. How is space (in general) used
differently?
3. What differs about the way in which
kinesics are interpreted/used?
(emblems, illustrators, regulators, etc.)
4. What about clothing? Touching? Public
displays of affection?