 Warm-up: (9-9-15)
*Calc. eco footprint ws, ch1-3 video notes/rubric out for stamp!
 Chapter 1-3
 Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability
 What are subsidies?
 How can tax breaks affect the use of resources?
 It could create jobs and stimulate the economy
 Real cost of gasoline in the U.S. is $___ per gallon.
 CULTURAL CHANGES AND THE ENVIRONMENT
 12,000 yrs ago: Hunter/gatherers, migratory groups
 10-12,000 yrs ago: _________ revolution
 Allowed people to stay in one place.
 Villages grew, more trade
 ~275 yrs ago: _____ revolution
 Led shift from rural villages to urban society
 Inc assembly line jobs/coal mining
 Science improved sanitation and disease control.
 ~50 yrs ago: _____revolution
 Rapid access to information.
 Currently emerging cultural shift is the _____ revolution.
 Did hunter gathers know how to rotate crops?
 During what revolution did we see a shift from rural to urban society?
 Domestication of wild plants and animals occurred about ____ years ago.
 In what country did the industrial revolution begin? (guess)
 When did the industrial revolution reach the U.S.? (approx. century)
 Environmental History in the U.S.
 4 Eras:
 _____ era: (before 1600); native people occupied N. America before Europeans arriving
 _____ era: 1600s colonists settle and the world view was that vast resources needed to be
conquered/used “_____ world view”
 _____ era: 1832-1870; starting to have the idea of saving/protecting land but not taken seriously
 1870-present
 1870-present:
• Forest reserve act 1891: federal govt protecting public lands from over exploitation
• _____ : Sierra club, wanted national parks “preservationist”
• He was largely responsible for establishing which national park? _____
• “when we try to pick out anything by itself, we find it hitched to everything else in the universe.”
• Wilderness explorer famous for his trips from Sierra Nevada mtns to Alaska. Taught people
about the importance of protecting nature to maintain a healthy quality of life.
• 1870-present:
• _____: conservationist, his presidency was considered to be the Golden Age of Conservation.
“wise-use conservationist” early 1900
• Other conservationists:.
• _____- writer about his time in Walden pond (Mass.)
• _____- used case studies to show how the rise and fall of civilizations was linked to the misuse
of soil, water, and other resources.
• Contrast preservationists and conservationists.
 1870-present:
 The _____ act allowed the president to protect areas of scientific or historical interests as national monuments.
 1870-present:
 1921-1933: After World War I, increased use of public lands
 Why?
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 President Hoover wanted to sell public lands to states and private investors. Why were they not
interested in buying the land?
 To help provide jobs, the government created the ___ which planted 3 billion trees, restored silted
water ways and built dams.
 What led to the passing of the Soil Conservation Act in the 30s?
 1870-present:
 Who wrote the book Silent Spring?
 In which decade?
 What happened to the Cuyohoga river in Ohio?
 Which decade had the most environmental laws passed?
 What led to the creation of the Superfund?
 What happened to Dian Fossey?
 19__: first Earth day
• EPA (environmental protection agency) created by Nixon
• Endangered species act
• _____: created dept. of energy (reduce oil dependence) also tripled the amount of land in the
National Wilderness System
• Carter put solar panels on the white house.
 1980s: anti-environmental movement
• ______: inc. timber cutting, private energy, mineral development
• No tax incentives for solar energy, he took down the solar panels 
• 1988-wise use movement formed, repealed environ/regulatory laws
1989: _____ said he would be the environment’s president but was influenced by industry, mining, ranching.
Said environ. laws hindered economic growth
1990-2006:
 1993: _____ vetoed a lot of the anti-environ bills.
 2001: Back to Reagan like laws with George W Bush
• With the encouragement of his wife Laura Bush, he designated 140,000-square-mile area
around Hawaii and the Mariana Trench as a MPA before the end of his presidency
John Muir wanted to make more land into national parks. He is an example of someone who is a _____.
When was the golden age of Conservation?
Which president tripled the amount of land in National wilderness system?