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OCEAN LITERACY
OCEAN LITERACY
Project Handbook For Key Stages 1-3
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REVISION HISTORY
Date
Version
Revised By
Description
Aug 25, 2010
0.0
KP
Original
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CONTENTS
Contents
Page
Acknowledgements
3
Introduction
4
Project Overview
- Overview of the 7 Principles of Ocean Literacy
- Key Stages One to Three Structure & Resources
5
6
Key Stage One
- Content Overview
- National Curriculum Topic Links
- Resources & Activities
9
10
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Key Stage Two
- Content Overview
- National Curriculum Topic Links
- Resources & Activities
19
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21
Key Stage Three
- Content Overview
- National Curriculum Topic Links
- Resources & Activities
29
30
31
Resources
- Print & Web Resources
39
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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The Central Caribbean Marine Institute (CCMI) is deeply grateful to a number of businesses & individuals whose
support has made the Ocean Literacy Project Handbook possible. CCMI is especially grateful to KPMG, CUC, and the
Rotary Club Grand Cayman, for providing the funding for the completion of this phase of the Ocean Literacy
Programme.
We would like to thank Mr. Clive Baker, Mr. Mark Ray & Ms. Kiva Powell from the Cayman Islands Department of
Education for their continuing support and efforts on behalf of the Ocean Literacy Programme. The Project Handbook
has been developed with the support of all the Cayman Islands primary schools. In particular we would like to thank
the school principals and IB coordinators for their time and valuable input.
CCMI would especially like to recognise Ms. Joni Kirkconnell from the Cayman Islands Department of Environment
(DOE). Joni has given this project many hours of her valuable time and support, as well as giving CCMI access to
important local literature developed by the DOE, such as the Coral Gardens Teacher’s Guide. Given the importance of
local support of Ocean Literacy, we have included herein the publications from WIDECAST (Endangered Caribbean
Sea Turtles: An Educator’s Handbook) and WIWD-WG (Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: A Teacher’s Resource
Book).
CCMI would also like to thank Ms. Sue Harris and Mr. Christopher Calverley from Cayman Prep & High School, for
taking the time to review the academic content of the Project Handbook during its developmental stages.
Finally, we wish to express our deepest gratitude to Valentino Lee, for the many hours he has devoted to CCMI and
the Ocean Literacy Programme since its inception 3 years ago. Tino wrote the ‘Our Ocean Planet: A Teacher’s Manual
for Ocean Science,’ which is the basis for the Project Handbook. His invaluable input has been crucial in helping to
blend the scientific and educational elements of the Project Handbook, thereby ensuring its credibility.
INTRODUCTION TO THE OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK
The Ocean Literacy Project Handbook has been developed as part of the Central Caribbean Marine Institute’s
(CCMI) Ocean Literacy Programme. The Ocean Literacy Project Handbook is aimed at primary school children,
encouraging educators to ensure that all students in the Cayman Islands are ocean literate by the age of 12.
The ocean is an integral part of the Earth; our planet’s atmosphere, climate, weather, temperature and productivity
are all controlled by the long memory of the ocean. The ocean sustains life on Earth. Ocean literacy is a topic
which is greatly underrepresented in many school curricula. This lack of subject coverage is exacerbated by the
vastness of the topic, which could be studied in detail for many years! To help tackle this vast subject, teachers
and educators along with the National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National
Geographic Society (NGS) have helped define the “7 Principles of Ocean Literacy”, upon which this project is
based.
Within the Ocean Literacy Project Handbook, we aim to give teachers a scientific framework, help, and support
with lesson plans, presentations, visual & audio resources, and classroom activities. The scientific structure of the
project can be used in many different ways and tailored to individual class needs. The project structure is the key
to ocean literacy – helping to form clear learning objectives for teachers and creating a ‘bigger picture’ for students.
Being ocean literate gives young students the ability to understand the ocean’s influence on them and their
influence on the ocean. The Ocean Literacy Project Handbook aims to help support teachers and to focus young
minds on the importance of ocean and aquatic sciences.
4
PROJECT OVERVIEW – THE 7 PRINCIPLES OF OCEAN LITERACY
The 7 Principles of Ocean Literacy have been developed to help provide an academic framework for educators.
The Ocean Literacy Project Handbook takes the 7 Principles and applies relevant topics, lesson plans and
activities, whilst taking into consideration curriculum requirements and the ages/abilities of primary school
students. It helps to provide a structural framework, which is designed to be flexible and give a ‘bigger picture,’
which can then be used and developed within different schools. The structure is not meant to be rigid or restrictive;
it is intended to be a helping hand and to present Ocean Literacy as one coherent subject.
The 7 Principles are as follows:
1. The Earth has one big ocean with many features.
2. The ocean & life in the ocean shape the features of the Earth.
3. The ocean is a major influence on weather & climate.
4. The ocean makes Earth habitable.
5. The ocean supports a great diversity of life & ecosystems.
6. The ocean & humans are inextricably interconnected.
7. The ocean is largely unexplored.
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PROJECT OVERVIEW – KEY STAGES ONE TO THREE
Structure
The Project Handbook is aimed at Key Stages 1-3 within the Cayman Islands School system. The structure has
been designed to be flexible, yet with enough substance that it can be implemented as a project throughout Key
Stages 1-3, or individually within a Key Stage. An overall summary can be found on page 7.
Resources
The Project Handbook uses many different resources to help support teachers. Local teaching resources feature
heavily within the lesson plan/activity recommendations, as there is a wealth of information already available within
the schools. All background information on the topics recommended here can be found in ‘Our Ocean Planet’
(OOP), the teachers’ manual previously developed by CCMI. The Project Handbook also suggests additional
resources for each Principle, to support the development of lesson plans and activities.
The following resources should be available for all Cayman Island schools:
• Our Ocean Planet: A Teacher’s Manual for Ocean Science (provided by CCMI)
• Coral Gardens: A Teacher’s Guide (provided by the DOE)
• Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles: An Educator’s Handbook (provided by WIDECAST)
• Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: A Teacher’s Resource Book (provided by WIWD Working Group of
the Society for the Conservation and Study of Caribbean Birds)
• The Central Caribbean Marine Institute website: www.reefresearch.org
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OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT – STRUCTURE FOR KEY STAGES ONE TO THREE
Ocean Literacy Project - Structure For Key Stages One to Three
El Ni no
Ocea n Zones
Extreme Wea ther
Sea Level
Fea tures of
The Sea Fl oor
Bi odi vers i ty
Ori gi n of Li fe
Ca yma n Is l a nds
& The Sea
Cl i ma te Cha nge
Ada pta ti on
Open Ocea n
Ca rbon Cycl e
Wa ter Tra ns i ti ons
Rel a ti ons hi ps
Cora l Reefs
Cori ol i s Effect
Wa ter Cycl e
Ma ngroves
Currents
Fres h Wa ter
Deep Sea Res ea rch
Ha bi ta t Degra da ti on
Hydrotherma l Vents
Cl i ma te Cha nge
Cora l Reefs & Ca rbon
Wea ther & Cl i ma te
Wa ter
Ma ri ne Cons erva ti on
Sea gra s s
Pol a r Sea s
Ocea n Ecos ys tems
The Deep
Ma ri ne Cons erva ti on
Tempera te Sea s
Ocea n Cl a s s i fi ca ti on
Bi ol umi nes cence
Loca l Ma ri ne La ws
Tropi ca l Sea s
Ocea n Li vi ng Spa ces
Deep Zones
Cl i ma te Cha nge
Ocea ns & Sea s
Wa ter Tra ns i ti ons
Principle 1
Intro to Coa s tl i nes
The Wea ther
Rocky Shore
Wi nd
Sa ndy Shore
Wa ves
Wetl a nds
Ti des
Principle 2
Principle 3
Intro to
Tropi ca l , Tempera te Ocea n Ha bi ta ts
& Pol a r Sea s
Food Cha i ns
Ma ri ne Li fe
Principle 4
Principle 5
Intro to Ma ri ne
Cons erva ti on
Principle 6
Intro To
The Deep
Principle 7
Key Stage 3
Key Stage 2
Key Stage 1
OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK
KEY STAGE ONE (KS1)
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OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK KS1 CONTENT OVERVIEW
Ocean Literacy Project Planner
Key Stage One
Content Overview
Principle 1 - the Earth has one big ocean with many
features
7
The Deep
6
Why we need the Ocean
Conservation
5
Ocean Habitats
Food Pyramid
Predator Prey
1
Oceans & Seas
Water Transitions
2
Coastlines Overview
Rocky Shores
Sandy Shores
Wetlands
3
Weather Overview
Winds
4
Waves
Intro to Tropical,
Tides
Temperate &
Polar Seas
Marine Life
Principle 2 - the ocean & life in the ocean shape
the features of the Earth
Principle 3 - the ocean is a major influence on
weather and climate
Principle 4 - the ocean makes Earth habitable
Principle 5 - the ocean supports a great diversity of
life and ecosystems
Principle 6 - the ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected
Principle 7 - the ocean is largely unexplored
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KEY STAGE ONE
National Curriculum Topic Links:
Curriculum Topic
Ocean Literacy Project Topic
Principle
Social Science – use geographical vocabulary
Oceans & Seas
1
Science - material change, find out the effect of heating & cooling water
Water Transitions
1
Science – recognition of difference livings things living in different places
Coastlines & their different features
2
Social Science – recognize changes in physical features
Coastlines & their different features
2
Social Science – identify different features of the environment
Weather
3
Science - observe & explain the difference in livings things
Different types of seas & their life
4
Science – indentify basic living conditions
Ocean Habitats & Food Pyramids
5
Science – Identify how humans interact with the environment
Why we need the ocean – conservation
6
Social Science – recognize changes in the environment
Why we need the ocean – conservation
6
Social Science – recognize how the environment should be sustained
Why we need the ocean – conservation
6
Science – recognition of different living things in different places
Deep ocean
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PRINCIPLE 1 – THE EARTH HAS ONE BIG OCEAN WITH MANY FEATURES
KS1 Topics: Oceans, Seas & Water/Teacher Provocations:
• How much of the Earth is ocean?
• What are the names of the 5 main oceans, where are they, and how big are they?
• What is the difference between a sea and an ocean?
• What are water state transitions – solid, liquid, gas?
KS1 Topics: Oceans, Seas & Water/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 1 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Ocean Intro
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.1 - The Ocean (Introduction)
Ocean Intro
Video Clip – 7
mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/places/parks-and-nature-places/oceans/oceansoverview.html - Oceans Overview
Ocean Intro
Video Clip – 3
mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/ocean-now/why-ocean-matters.html Why the Ocean matters
Ocean Intro
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.1 – Ocean
Oceans Intro
Information &
activities
Ocean introduction activities
Water
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.2.1 – What is Water?
Water
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.6 – Water State Transitions
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PRINCIPLE 2 – THE OCEAN & LIFE IN THE OCEAN SHAPE THE FEATURES OF THE EARTH
KS1 Topics: Coastlines and their features/Teacher Provocations:
• What are the different types of coastal features (rocky coast lines, sandy coast lines, muddy)?
• Which animals live (and breed) in the different coastal habitats?
• Which types of coastline do we have in the Cayman Islands?
KS1 Topics: Coastlines and their features/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 2 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Coasts
PowerPoint
OOP Section 4 – Coasts (Introduction)
Rocky Coasts
PowerPoint
OOP Section 4.1 – Rocky Coasts
Sandy Coasts
PowerPoint
OOP Section 4.2 – Sandy Coasts
Muddy Coasts
PowerPoint
OOP Section 4.3 – Muddy Coasts
Coastlines general
Info
http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/sandy/index.htm - Introduction
Coastlines general
Identify Animals
http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/sandy/index.htm - Shoreline Animals
Coastlines
Activity
OOP Section 4.4.1 – Beach Log
Rocky Shore
Video - 1 min
http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/efc/efc_rocky/rocky_multimedia.aspx
Rocky Shore
Activity
http://www.montereybayaquarium.org/PDF_files/teaching_activities/Dishpan_Tide_Pool.pdf make a tide pool
Sandy Shore
Activity
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles : Shoreline Creatures, page 155
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PRINCIPLE 3 – THE OCEAN IS A MAJOR INFLUENCE ON WEATHER & CLIMATE
KS1 Topics: The weather, wind, waves & tides/Teacher Provocations:
• How do the sun & moon affect the ocean?
• How is wind generated?
• What are waves and what can affect them?
• What are tides?
KS1 Topics: The weather, wind, waves & tides/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 3 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.1.1 – Sun
OOP Section 2.1.2 – Moon
OOP Section 2.1.4 – Volcanoes
OOP Section 2.1.5 – Earthquakes & Seaquakes
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.2.1 – Rain
OOP Section 2.2.2 – Winds
OOP Section 2.2.3 – Waves
OOP Section 2.2.4 – Tides
Wind
Info
http://www.rmets.org/pdf/science_weather/wind.pdf - Where does the wind come from?
Wind
Activities
http://www.rmets.org/pdf/science_weather/wind_resources.pdf - Tests for wind
Waves
Info
http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/sandy/index.htm - Waves
Waves
Activity
http://www.scholastic.com/kids/weather - What’s in a wave
Search: teachers resources/lesson plans/science/whats in a wave
Tides
Info & Activity
http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/sandy/index.htm - Tide & Tidal activity
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PRINCIPLE 4 – THE OCEAN MAKES EARTH HABITABLE
KS1 Topics: Tropical, temperate, and polar seas and their marine life/Teacher Provocations:
 What are tropical, temperate & polar seas?
 Identify marine life & their habitats within these seas.
KS1 Topics: Tropical, temperate, and polar seas and their marine life /Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 4 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Tropical Seas (Intro)
PowerPoint
OOP Section 5 – Tropical Seas (Introduction)
Temperate Seas (Intro)
PowerPoint
OOP Section 6 – Temperate Seas (Introduction)
Polar Seas (Intro)
PowerPoint
OOP Section 7 – Polar Seas (Introduction)
Tropical Seas
Identify animals
http://www.mbgnet.net/salt/coral/index.htm - Tropical Ocean Animals
Tropical Seas
Lesson plan/activity
Case Study: Coral
Coral Gardens: What & where are coral reefs? Chapter One
Coral Gardens: Where in the world are those coral reefs? Page E5
Temperate Seas
Case Study: Whales
http://www.whalebooks.com/Whalebook%20Two.html - Getting to know a whale
Temperate Seas
Case Study: Whales
http://www.swbg-animals.org/just-for-teachers/classroom-activities/k3/pdf/How%20Big%20is%20a%20Blue.pdf - Whales, how big is a blue?
14
PRINCIPLE 5 – THE OCEAN SUPPORTS A GREAT DIVERSITY OF LIFE & ECOSYSTEMS
KS1 Topics: Ocean habitats & food chain, predator/prey relationships/Teacher Provocations:
 What is a habitat?
 What are some of the different marine habitats?
 Identify the marine food pyramid and the predator/prey relationship.
KS1 Topics: Ocean habitats & food chain, predator/prey relationships/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 5 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Ecosystems and Habitats
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.3.1 – Patchy, Uneven Living Spaces
Ecosystems and Habitats
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.3.2 – Ocean Habitats & Environments
Food Pyramid
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.2.2 – Food pyramid
Predator/Prey
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.2.3 – Predator/Prey
Food Pyramid
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.5 – Food pyramid
Predator/Prey
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.6 – Predator/Prey
Habitats
Activity
http://kingharryscornwall.co.uk - The Fal River Links/Education/activities for kids/habitats
Ocean Habitats
Activity
http://www.abpischools.org.uk/activescience/module2/home.html - Interactive game: Human &
animal habitats
Ocean Food chain
Activity
http://www.oceanoasis.org/teachersguide/activity10.html - Ocean life food chain
Habitat & Food Chain
Activity
Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: ‘Lost Identities’, page 40 Activity 2-B
15
PRINCIPLE 6 – THE OCEAN & HUMANS ARE INEXTRICABLY CONNECTED
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KS1 topics: Why we need the ocean & conservation/Teacher Provocations:
 What do we rely on the sea for (fresh water, oxygen, tourism, transport)?
 How do we affect the water & marine life (pollution/over development/over fishing)?
 How can we take care of the environment?
KS1 topics: Why we need the ocean & conservation/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 6 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Conservation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.2.1 – Why we need the ocean
Fishing
Info & Activity
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles: Fishy Problems, page 87
Conservation
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/places/parks-and-natureplaces/oceans/oceans-patagonia.html - Patagonia
Conservation
Info & Activity
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/Resources/ngo/education/xpeditions/lessons/01/gk2/no
magic.html - “No Magic Borders”
PRINCIPLE 7 – THE OCEAN IS LARGELY EXPLORED
KS1 topics: The Deep/Teacher Provocations:
 What is ‘the deep’?
 Why is the deep largely unexplored?
 Which animals live in the deep?
KS1 topics: The Deep/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 7 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 9 – Intro – Zones & Characteristics
The Deep
Activity
http://www.sea.edu/academics/k12.aspx?plan=creaturefromdeep - Creature from the Deep
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OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK
KEY STAGE TWO (KS2)
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OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK KS2 CONTENT OVERVIEW
Ocean Literacy Project Planner
Key Stage Two
Content Overview
Principle 1 - the Earth has one big ocean with
many features
7
The Deep Overview
Bioluminescence
The Deep Zones
1
Water
Water Cycle
Freshwater
2
Coastlines
Coral Reefs
Mangroves & Wetlands
Seagrass
6
Marine Conservation
Local Marine Laws
5
Ecosystems
Ocean Classification
Ocean Living Spaces
4
Temperate Seas
Tropical Seas
Polar Seas
3
Weather & Climate
Coriolis Effect
Currents
Climate Change
Princinple 2 - The ocean & life in the ocean shape
the features of the earth
Principle 3 - the ocean is a major influence on
weather and climate
Princinple 4 - the ocean makes earth habitable
Principle 5 - The ocean supports a great diversity
of life and ecosystems
Principle 6 - the ocean and humans are
inextricably interconnected
Principle 7 - the ocean is largely unexplored
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KEY STAGE TWO
National Curriculum Topic Links:
Curriculum Topic
Ocean Literacy Project Topic
Principle
Science – relate changes of state in the water cycle
The Water Cycle
1
Science – understand there are limited raw materials in the world
Fresh Water
1
Social Science – recognize physical & human processes, such as beach erosion
Coastlines, Mangroves, Sea Grasses, Coral Reefs
2
Science - describe the relative movements of the sun & planets within the solar system/changing
phases of the moon and the effect on the earth
Weather & Climate
3
Social Science – study the effect of weather & extreme weather on the lives of people
Weather & Climate
3
Science – describe how humans can change or affect the environment
Climate Change
3
Social Science - study places with contrasting weather conditions
Tropical/Temperate/Polar Seas
4
Social Science - recognize how places fit in a wider geographical context
Tropical/Temperate/Polar Seas
4
Science- identify ways animals are suited to their environments
Tropical/Temperate/Polar Seas
4
Science – identify & classify living things
Classification
5
Science – Identify animals and plants found locally & describe conditions necessary for their
growth
Ecosystems
5
Science – identify the relationship between predator & prey
Ecosystems
5
Social Science – recognize how & why people seek to manage the environment
Marine Conservation & Local Marine Laws
6
Science – describe ways of keeping the environment healthy
Marine Conservation & Local Marine Laws
6
Science – positive and negative effects of obtaining raw materials from the earth
Bioluminescence
7
Science - provide explanations for changes in simple living things, such as lack of light
The Deep Zones
7
PRINCIPLE 1 – THE EARTH HAS ONE BIG OCEAN WITH MANY FEATURES
21
KS2 Topics: Oceans, seas & water/Teacher Provocations:
• What is water?
• What is sea water?
• Where is all the water?
• What is the water cycle?
• Where does the water originate from?
• Why should fresh water be conserved?
• How can we save water?
KS2 Topics: Oceans, seas &water/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 1 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Water
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.2.1 – What Is Water?
OOP Section 1.2.2 – What Is Sea Water?
OOP Section 1.2.3 – Where Does Earth’s Water Originate?
OOP Section 1.2.4 – Where Is All The Water?
OOP Section 1.2.5 – Water Cycle
Water
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.7 – Water Cycle
Water Cycle
Video 4 mins
http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/studyjams/water_cycle - Water Cycle
Water Cycle
Activity
http://www2.scholastic.com/browse/lessonplan.jsp?id=1075 - Water Wheel
Fresh Water
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/habitats-environment/freshwater/envfreshwater-whycare.html
Fresh water
Activity
http://www.epa.gov/watersense/Resources/educational_materials.html - Day in the Life of A Drop
http://www.epa.gov/watersense/kids/games.html - Water Info
PRINCIPLE 2 – THE OCEAN & LIFE IN THE OCEAN SHAPE THE FEATURES OF THE EARTH
KS2 Topics: Coastlines, coral reefs, mangroves/wetlands & sea grasses/Teacher Provocations:
 What are mangroves, sea grasses, and coral reefs?
 How do they rely on one another?
 What is erosion?
KS2 Topics: Coastlines, coral reefs, mangroves/wetlands & sea grasses/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 2 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Tropical Seas
PowerPoint
OOP Section 5 – Tropical Seas (Introduction)
OOP Section 5.1 – Mangroves
OOP Section 5.2 – Sea Grasses
OOP Section 5.3 – Coral Reefs
OOP Section 5.4 – Ocean Life
Mangroves
Video 4 mins
http://forestopia.net/home.html Mangrove forests
Sea Grasses
Info
Video 4 mins
Activity
http://www.seagrasswatch.org/Info_centre/education/Seagrass_Educators_Handbook.pdf - Info
http://www.seagrasswatch.org/seagrass.html - Video
Activity…No 3, Troubled Turtles, page 14
Wetlands
Info
Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: What lives in Wetland Habitats? Chapter 2, page 31
Wetlands
Activity
Anyone at home? Chapter 2, page 37
Wetlands
Info
Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: Wet & Muddy, What are Wetlands? Chapter 1, page 1
Wetlands
Activity
Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: What Do you Think about Wetlands? 1 A, page 11
Coral Reef Life
Info & Activity
Coral Gardens: Coral Reef Zones page E11
22
PRINCIPLE 3 – THE OCEAN IS A MAJOR INFLUENCE ON WEATHER & CLIMATE
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KS2 Topics: Weather & climate, Coriolis Effect, currents & climate change/Teacher Provocations:
• What are currents?
• What is climate change?
• How can extreme weather affect humans & coastlines?
KS2 Topics: Weather & climate, Coriolis Effect, currents & climate change/Teacher Provocations:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 3 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.1.1 – Sun
OOP Section 2.1.2 – Moon
OOP Section 2.1.3 – Coriolis Effect
OOP Section 2.1.4 – Volcanoes
OOP Section 2.1.5 – Earthquakes & Seaquakes
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.2.1 – Rain
OOP Section 2.2.2 – Winds
OOP Section 2.2.3 – Waves
OOP Section 2.2.4 – Tides
OOP Section 2.2.5 – Currents
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.3.2 – Global Climate Change
Currents
Activities
OOP Section 2.4.5 – Currents (Salinity) and OOP Section 2.4.6 – Currents (Temperature)
Global Climate Change
Activities
OOP Section 2.4.9 – Global Climate Change
Weather
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/kids/forces-of-nature-kids/weather-101-kids.html
Coriolis Effect
Activity
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es1904/es1904page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
Currents
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/places/parks-and-nature-places/oceans/oceans-west-indian.html Currents/West Indian Ocean
Climate Change
Info & Activity
http://www.rmets.org/pdf/science_weather/climatechange.pdf
PRINCIPLE 4 – THE OCEAN MAKES EARTH HABITABLE
24
KS2 Topics: Tropical, temperate, and polar seas and their marine life/Teacher Provocations:
• What are the different types of seas (tropical/temperate/ polar)?
• Identify marine life and study different animals in the different seas (including Cayman Islands).
KS2 Topics: Tropical, temperate, and polar seas and their marine life/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 4 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Tropical Seas
PowerPoint
OOP Section 5 – Tropical Seas (Intro)
OOP Section 5.1 – Mangroves
OOP Section 5.2 – Sea Grasses
OOP Section 5.3 – Coral Reefs
OOP Section 5.4 – Ocean Life
Temperate Seas
PowerPoint
OOP Section 6 – Temperate Seas (Intro)
OOP Section 6.1 – Plankton
OOP Section 6.2 – Marine Algae/Seaweed
OOP Section 6.3 – Ocean Life
Polar Seas
PowerPoint
OOP Section 7 – Polar Seas (Intro)
OOP Section 7.1 – North
OOP Section 7.2 – South
OOP Section 7.3 – Ocean Life
Tropical Seas
Case Study
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles: Amazing Sea Turtles, Chapter 2, page 17
Temperate Seas
Case Study
http://www.swbg-animals.org/just-for-teachers/guides/pdf/whales-4-8.pdf - Whales
Polar Seas
Video: whales
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/mammals-animals/whales/whale_beluga.html - Lifestyles of Beluga Whales
Polar Seas
Info
http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/ecology/polar.htm - Polar seas info
http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/about/habitat_types/habitats/polar_regions/
Polar Seas
Case Study
http://www.seaworld.org/just-for-teachers/guides/pdf/penguin-4-8.pdf
Polar Seas
Activities
http://www.seaworld.org/just-for-teachers/classroom-activities/index.htm - Penguin exploration pdf
PRINCIPLE 5 – THE OCEAN SUPPORTS A GREAT DIVERSITY OF LIFE & ECOSYSTEMS
KS2 Topics: Ecosystems, classification & ocean living spaces/Teacher Provocations:
• What is an ecosystem?
• How do you classify organisms?
• Identify the different living spaces in the ocean.
KS2 Topics: Ecosystems, classification & ocean living spaces/teacher resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 5 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Extreme Ocean Life
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.1.2 – Extreme Ocean Life
Classification
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.1.3 – Classification
Ecosystems and Habitats
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.3.1 – Patchy, Uneven Living Spaces
Ecosystems and Habitats
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.3.2 – Ocean Habitats & Environments
Classification
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.3 - Classification
Ocean Living Spaces
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.7 – Ocean Living Spaces
Ecosystems
Info & activity
Video 3 mins
Coral Gardens: Reef Ecosystems 2:1 & Valuable Inter-relationships 2:8
Coral Gardens: Coral Reef Connections page E29
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/habitats-environment/habitatsoceans-env/coral-reefs.html - Corals reefs
Ocean Living Spaces
Video 6 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/specials/in-the-field-specials/crittercamoverview.html - Critter cam, how we learn about ocean habitats
25
PRINCIPLE 6 – THE OCEAN & HUMANS ARE INEXTRICABLY CONNECTED
KS2 topics: Marine conservation & local marine park laws/Teacher Provocations:
• What is marine conservation?
• How do we protect the marine environment in the Cayman Islands?
• Which animals do we protect in the Cayman Islands?
KS2 topics: Marine conservation & local marine park laws/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 6 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Conservation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.2.2 – Problems
Conservation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.2.3 – Better News
Conservation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.2.4 – Practical Ways You Can Help
Conservation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 11.6.2 – Cayman Islands Marine Conservation Laws
Conservation
Video 5 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/animals-news/abu-dhabi-dugongswcvin.html - Sea Cow Conservation
Conservation
Info & Activity
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles: Land Use Planning, page 140
26
PRINCIPLE 7 – THE OCEAN IS LARGELY EXPLORED
27
KS2 topics: The Deep, bioluminescence & the deep zones /Teacher Provocations:
• What is bioluminescence?
• Why is the discovery of new animals and plants from the deep important?
• What are the zones of the deep?
• What are the characteristics of the deep?
KS2 topics: The Deep, bioluminescence & the deep zones /Teacher Provocations:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 7 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 9.1.1 The Deep
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 9.1.2 Deep Ocean Life
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 9.2.1 Light in the Sea
The Deep
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/animals-news/marine-census-narrate-vin.html
Bioluminescence
Video 2 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/animals-news/bioluminescence-sea-life.html
The Deep Zones
Activity
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/lessons/08/g35/seaslighting.html - Lighting the sea
OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK
KEY STAGE THREE (KS3)
28
OCEAN LITERACY PROJECT HANDBOOK KS3 CONTENT OVERVIEW
Ocean Literacy Project Planner
Key Stage Three
Content Overview
Principle 1 - the Earth has one big ocean with many
features
7
Deep Sea Research
Hydrothermal Vents
1
Ocean Zones
Features of the Sea Floor
Sea Level
Water Transitions
Princinple 2 - The ocean & life in the ocean shape the
features of the earth
Principle 3 - the ocean is a major influence on weather
and climate
6
Marine Conservation
Habitat Degradation
Climate Change
2
Cayman Islands
& The Sea
5
Biodiversity
Adaptation
Relationships
4
Origin of Life
Open Ocean
3
Climate Change
El Nino
Climate Change Causes
Carbon Cycle
Coral Reefs & Carbon
Princinple 4 - the ocean makes earth habitable
Principle 5 - The ocean supports a great diversity of life
and ecosystems
Principle 6 - the ocean and humans are inextricably
interconnected
Principle 7 - the ocean is largely unexplored
29
30
KEY STAGE THREE
National Curriculum Topic Links:
Curriculum Topic
Ocean Literacy Project Topic
Principle
Social Science - tectonic processes
Ocean Zones & Features of the Sea Floor & Plate Tectonics & Sea Level
1
Social Science – geomorphological processes
Ocean Zones & Features of the Sea Floor & Plate Tectonics & Sea Level
1
Science – states of matter
Water transitions
1
Social Science - interdependency of places
Cayman Islands & The Sea
2
Social Science – weather, how and why it varies
El Nino
3
Science – pollution
The Carbon Cycle, Carbon & Coral Reefs
3
Science - conservation
The Carbon Cycle, Carbon & Coral Reefs
3
Science - adaptation
Open Ocean
4
Social Science – ecosystems
Biodiversity, adaptation & relationships
5
Science – adaptation
Biodiversity, adaptation & relationships
5
Social Science – environmental issues
Marine Conservation
6
Social Science – development
Marine Conservation
6
Science – conservation & habitat
Marine Conservation
6
Science – adaptation
Research into the Deep & Hydrothermal Vents
7
PRINCIPLE 1 – THE EARTH HAS ONE BIG OCEAN WITH MANY FEATURES
KS3 Topics: Ocean zones & features of the sea floor/Teacher Provocations:
• What are the ocean zones?
• What are the features of the sea floor (trenches/ridges/shelves)?
• What are tectonic plates and where are they?
• How do plates affect the world and the ocean?
• What is ‘sea level’, how does it affect us (natural causes)?
• What are the short- term & long- term causes of sea level changes?
31
PRINCIPLE 1 – THE EARTH HAS ONE BIG OCEAN WITH MANY FEATURES
32
KS3 Topics: Ocean zones & features of the sea floor/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 1 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Plate Tectonics
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.1.1 – Plate Tectonics
Sea Level
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.1.2 – Sea Level
Sea Floor
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.1.3 – Sea Floor
Depth Zones
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.1.4 – Depth Zones
Oceans Past/Present
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.1.5 – Oceans Past/Oceans Present
Plate Tectonics
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.2 – Plate Tectonics
Sea Level
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.3 – Sea Level
Sea Floor
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.4 – Sea Floor
Ocean Trenches
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.5 – Ocean Trenches
Ocean Zones
PowerPoint
http://hs-staffserver.stjames.k12.mn.us/~fraken/PowerPoint.webpages/Science8/14.Ch14.OceanZones.htm
Sea Floor
Info
http://www.onr.navy.mil/focus/ocean/regions/oceanfloor1.htm - Ocean Regions & Features of the Sea Floor
Sea Floor
Activity
http://geosci.sfsu.edu/courses/geol103/labs/seafloor/partI.html - Plates/earthquakes, identification & labeling
Sea Level
Video 2.5 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/global-warming-environment/antarctica-ice.html - Warming and sea levels
Water
PowerPoint
OOP Section 1.2.1 – What is Water?
Water
Activity
OOP Section 1.3.6 – Water State Transitions
Volcanoes
Video 3 mins
Video 2.5 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/kids/forces-of-nature-kids/volcanoes-101-kids.html
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/environment-news/west-mata-submarine-volcano-vin.html - Volcanoes
PRINCIPLE 2 – THE OCEAN & LIFE IN THE OCEAN SHAPE THE FEATURES OF THE EARTH
KS3 Topics: Cayman Islands & the Sea/Teacher Provocations:
• How does the ocean shape the Cayman Islands?
• How does life in the ocean shape the Cayman Islands?
KS3 Topics: Cayman Islands & the Sea/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 2 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Cayman Islands & The Sea
PowerPoint
OOP Section 11 – Cayman Islands & The Sea
OOP Section 11.1 – Overview
OOP Section 11.2 – Coral Reefs
OOP Section 11.3 – Sandy Coasts
OOP Section 11.4 – Mangroves
OOP Section 11.5 – Land
OOP Section 11.6 – Open Ocean
OOP Section 11.7 – Deep Ocean
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.1 – Cayman Islands
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.2 – Coral Reefs – Stingray City
Coral Reefs
Activity
Coral Gardens, Coral Reef Comparisons H11
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.3 – Sandy Coasts – Sea Turtles
Sea Turtles
Activity
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles , Turtle Nest Box, 2C page 25
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.4 – Mangroves
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.5 – Land
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.6 – Open Ocean
Cayman Islands
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.7 – Deep Ocean
33
PRINCIPLE 3 – THE OCEAN IS A MAJOR INFLUENCE ON WEATHER & CLIMATE
KS3 Topics: Climate change, El Nino & causes of climate change/Teacher Provocations:
• What is climate change?
• What is El Nino?
• How do increasing sea temperatures affect climate?
• What is the carbon cycle?
• How does climate change impact the carbon cycle?
• Why does an increase in carbon affect coral reefs?
KS3 Topics: Climate change, El Nino & causes of climate change/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 3 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.2.6 – El Niño and La Niña
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.3.1 – Carbon Cycle
Forces of Nature
PowerPoint
OOP Section 2.3.2 – Global Climate Change
El Niño
Activity
OOP Section 2.4.7 – El Niño
Carbon Cycle
Activity
OOP Section 2.4.8 – Carbon Cycle
Global Climate Change
Activity
OOP Section 2.4.9 – Global Climate Change
El Nino
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/environment-natural-disasters/landslides-and-more/el-nino.html
Extreme weather
Activity
http://www.scholastic.com/kids/weather/ - Weather Changer
Climate Change
Activity
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/hottopics/climatechange/climate_challenge/aboutgame.shtml
Climate change
Activity
http://www2.scholastic.com/ - Climate Change
Search: teachers resources/lesson plans/science/climate change (page 2 of listings)
Carbon Cycle
Info
http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/carbon_cycle_version2.html - Carbon Cycle Animation
Carbon & Coral
Activity
Coral Gardens: The Edible Coral Polyp, Lesson Plan E2
34
PRINCIPLE 4 – THE OCEAN MAKES EARTH HABITABLE
KS3 Topics: Origin of Life & Open Ocean/Teacher Provocations:
• Early life in the ocean
• What is the ‘open ocean’?
• What are ‘vertical migrations’?
• Which animals migrate across oceans?
KS3 Topics: Origin of Life/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 4 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Origin of Life
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.1.1 – Origin of Life (Intro)
Open Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 8 – Open Ocean (Intro)
OOP Section 8.1 – Life in The Open
OOP Section 8.2 – Ocean Life
Origin of Life
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.1 – Origin of Life
Open Ocean
Activity
OOP Section 8.3.1 – Sharks
OOP Section 8.3.2 – Rays
35
PRINCIPLE 5 – THE OCEAN SUPPORTS A GREAT DIVERSITY OF LIFE & ECOSYSTEMS
36
KS3 Topics: Biodiversity, adaptation & relationships/Teacher Provocations:
• What is biodiversity?
• How do marine animals adapt to their environments?
• What is symbiosis and why is this important to coral reefs?
KS3 Topics: Biodiversity, adaptation & relationships/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 5 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Biodiversity
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.1.4 – Major Oceanic Organism Groups
Adaptation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.2.1 – Adaptation
Relationships
PowerPoint
OOP Section 3.2.4 – Symbiosis
Biodiversity
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.2 – Ocean Life
Adaptation
Activity
OOP Section 3.4.4 – Adaptation
Biodiversity
Video
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/places/parks-and-natureplaces/oceans/oceans-arctic.html - Arctic biodiversity
Relationships, symbiosis
Info
Video 3 mins
Video 3 mins
http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/education/reef_remote_sensing.html - Lesson 5 & 6
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/animals/fish-animals/spiny-rayedfish/fish_symbiosis.html - Cleaning Station
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/habitats-environment/habitatsoceans-env/coral-reefs.html - Coral Reefs
Migration
Info & Activity
Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: Going, Going, Gone. Migration Facts page 139 &:
Whistlers Wheel of Trouble, page 140
PRINCIPLE 6 – THE OCEAN & HUMANS ARE INEXTRICABLY CONNECTED
KS3 topics: Marine conservation, habitat degradation & climate change/Teacher Provocations:
• How do we affect marine life in different ecosystems in the Cayman Islands?
• How are marine habitats threatened by degradation?
• How does climate change threaten local habitats?
KS3 topics: Marine conservation, habitat degradation & climate change/Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 6 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Humans & Cayman
PowerPoint
OOP Section 11.8 – Humans & the Cayman Islands
Places of Interest
PowerPoint
OOP Section 11.8.1 – Places of Interest
Threats
PowerPoint
OOP Section 11.8.2 – Threats to the Cayman Islands
Conservation
PowerPoint
OOP Section 11.8.3 – Conservation in the Cayman Islands
Humans & Cayman
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.8 – Places of Interest
Threats
Activity
OOP Section 11.9.9 – Threats to the Cayman Islands
Conservation
Video 4 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/going-greenenvironment/conservation-in-action/everglades.html - Everglades Restoration Plan
Conservation
Info & Activity
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles: Beach Management, page 148
37
PRINCIPLE 7 – THE OCEAN IS LARGELY EXPLORED
38
KS3 topics: Research into the deep & the deep polar zones /Teacher Provocations:
• Why is it important to explore the deep?
• Why is deep exploration so difficult?
• What can/do we learn from the deep?
KS3 topics: Research into the deep & the deep polar zones /Resources:
Topic
Activity
Resource
Principle 6 Overview
PowerPoint
Ocean Literacy Principle
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 9.2.3 Hydrothermal Vents
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 9.2.4 Cold Seeps
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.1.2 Final Frontier
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.1.3 Bathysphere
Deep Ocean
PowerPoint
OOP Section 10.1.4 Studying the Ocean
Deep Ocean
Activity
OOP Section 10.3.2 Final Frontier
Deep Ocean
Activity
OOP Section 10.3.3 Studying the Ocean – New Technologies
Deep Ocean
Activity
OOP Section 10.3.4 Studying the Ocean – New Fields
Hydrothermal vents
Video 3 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/animals-news/bioluminescence-sea-life.html
Research in Antarctica
Video 4 mins
http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/news/environment-news/antarctica-algae-forestvin.html - Research in Antarctica
Research in Polar
Regions
Activity
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/Resources/ngo/education/xpeditions/lessons/01/g68/earth.html To the ends of the earth: research in the polar regions
39
RESOURCES
Printed Resources
Our Ocean Planet: A Teacher’s Manual Fof Ocean Science
Coral Gardens: A Teacher’s Guide
Coral Forest: A Teacher’s Guide
Wondrous West Indian Wetlands: A Teacher’s Resource Book
Endangered Caribbean Sea Turtles: An Educator’s Handbook
Website Resources
www.reefresearch.org (CCMI website)
www.doe.ky
www.nationalgeographic.com/Resources/ngo/education
www.seaworld.org
www.seagrasswatch.org
www.swbg-animals.org
www.howstuffworks.com
www.rmets.org
www.oceanoasis.org
www2.scholastic.com
www.epa.gov/watersense
www.mbgnet.net
www.sea.edu/academics
www.whistlingduck.org
www.oceansforyouth.org
www.montereybayaquarium.org
www.wwf.panda.org
www.noaa.gov