INTRO TO BIOLOGY PART 2
By: Amelia Sommer, Madison Jones, Marikit Mendiola, Sean Nguyen
Per. 1
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• Hypothesis: a testable statement that can be shown to be true
or false by experimenting or observation
• Experiment:
Experimental Group: receives some kind of treatment or
condition.
• Independent Variable: Treatment or factor that is changed
Control Group: receives no treatment, used to compare.
It is important to have a control to compare and validate
results.
CONT.
• Data: a scientist carefully collects and organizes data from the
experiment. Data should always be presented in a neat fashion,
usually tables.
• Analysis: Data can be powerfully displayed as a graph
• Conclusion: Based on the data, a scientist then determines
whether the hypothesis was supported or refuted
LANGUAGE OF SCIENCE
LANGUAGE OF SCIENCE
• Examples:
• Biology
• Geology
• Microbiology
• zoology
PROCEDURE WRITING
• Write each step out
• Make it detailed
• Conclusion should be precise and to the point
CHAPTER 1 READING GUIDE
• Quantitative: numeric data
• 20 cats each weighing 20 lbs
• Qualitative: descriptive data
• All the cats are orange with purple stripes, and are soft
CONT.
• Controlled variable: factor that is purposely kept the same
• Ex. Gravy boiled flask
• Manipulated variable (independent): factor that is purposely
changed
• Flask is either sealed or unsealed
• Responding variable (dependent): factor that is being observed,
which may change in response to the manipulated variable
• Growth of microorganisms
CONT.
• Observation: use of one or more senses to gather information
• Variables: factor in an experiment that can change
• Theory: well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of
observations
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIVING THINGS
• Made up of cells
• Reproduce
• Based on universal genetic code
• Grow and develop
• Obtain and use materials and energy
• Respond to their environment
• Maintain a stable internal environment
• Taken as a group and changed over time
LABELED MICROSCOPE
MULTIPLE CHOICE Q’S
Review
(answers on final slide)
QUESTION #1
•
What is a hypothesis?
• A) treatment or factor that is changed
• B) well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
• C) testable statement can be shown true or false by experimenting or obersvation
• D) use of one or more senses to gather information
QUESTION #2
Match the word with the definition:
•
A) study of cells
• 1) Anthropology
•
B) study of humans
• 2) Gymnosperm
•
C) uncovered seed
• 3) Cytology
•
D) below skin
• 4) Hypodermic
• (prefix and suffix list on slide
#4)
QUESTION #3
•
Match each with the definition:
•
A) descriptive data
• 1) quantitative
•
B) study of life
• 2) qualitative
•
C) numeric data
• 3) biology
•
D) nerve pain
• 4) neuralgia
QUESTION #4
•
Which is the definition of an independent variable?
• A) factor that is purposely kept the same
• B) factor that is purposely changed
• C) testable statement that can be true or false
• D) factor that is being observed which may change in response to the manipulated
variable
QUESTION #5
•
What does the coarse adjustment knob do?
• A) holds the slide in place
• B) moves the stage slightly to sharpen image
• C) moves the stage up and down for focusing
• D) used to support the microscope when carried
QUESTION #6
•
What is the definition of variable?
• A) use of one or more senses to gather information
• B) factor in an experiment that can change
• C) well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations
QUESTION #7
•
Match each letter with the correct number
•
1) diaphragm
•
2) objective lense
•
3) eye piece
•
4) base
QUESTION #8
•
What does the prefix carn- mean?
• A) ten
• B) lungs
• C) eat
• D) meat
QUESTION #9
•
True or false
• Grow and develop is a characteristic of a living thing
• Qualitative is numeric data
QUESTION #10
•
Our elephant died this morning. We predicted it was of starvation. To test this hypothesis,
we placed three elephants in the wild without food and left them there. 3 weeks later, we
came back and the elephants were all still alive. Is the hypothesis proven correct?
• A) yes
• B) no
ANSWER KEY
•
1) Answer is C
•
6) Answer is B
•
2) Answers: 1-B, 2-C, 3-A, 4-D
•
7) Answers: 1-D,2-B,3-A,4-C
•
3) answers: 1-C, 2-A, 3-B,4-D
•
8) Answer is D
•
4) Answer is B
•
9) Answers: true, then false
•
5) Answer is C
•
10) no