STUDY GUIDE
HUMAN NUTRITION answers
1. Where in the digestive tract does the digestion of carbohydrates begin? mouth
2. What is the function of the Pancreas? Make and release MANY kinds of enzymes
3. List the digestive end product for each of the following organic compounds found in food:
Starch - monosaccharides
Proteins – amino acids
Lipids – fatty acids and glycerol
4. What is the function of the epiglottis? Prevent food from entering trachea (wind pipe)
5. Where in the digestive tract does the digestion of proteins begin? stomach
6. Where in the digestive system are digestive end products absorbed into the blood stream?
Small intestine (villi)
7. Define Hydrolysis. The digestion of food
8. Define extracellular digestion. Digestion of food that happens outside of a single cell(s). ex.
stomach
9. Where in the digestive tract does the absorption of water into the bloodstream occur? Large
intestine
10. Where in the digestive tract does MOST digestion of our food happen? Small intestine
11. Define peristalsis. Rhythmic contraction of muscles that moves food through the digestive tract
12. Where are villi found? Small intestine What is their function? Provide increases surface area for
the digestion of food
13. Where does the pancreas release its enzymes into? Small intestine
14. Where in the digestive tract does MOST absorption of our food happen? Small intestine
15. Where is HCl produced? Stomach What does it do to the pH level? Lowers it-makes it acidic
16. Which organ produces bile? liver
17. Which organ stores bile? Gall bladder
18. What does bile do? Emulsifies (breaks apart) fats
19. What is an ulcer? Erosion of the stomach lining by bacteria
20. What do digestive enzymes do? Break down complex organic compounds into their basic
building blocks
21. Which malfunction of the digestive system can CAUSE dehydration? Diarrhea
22. Which malfunction of the digestive system can be the RESULT of dehydration? constipation
23. What are gallstones? Hard cholesterol deposits that can get stuck in the ducts.