The Accelerator Directorate
The Organization, Priorities and Accelerator R&D
May 5, 2011
Norbert Holtkamp
Topics
• My first 100 days
• Organizational adjustments
• Priorities
• Where do we go with Accelerator R&D
• Long range planning
• Summary
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
2
My First 100 Days…Observations
• The observations were heavily influenced by the review of
AED.
– Business systems + Document management systems are up to
standards
– “Shadow organizations” and “Shadow systems” exist
•
•
•
•
Systems Engineering is not consistent across AD/Lab
Significant frustration regarding Accelerator R&D.
Lack of trust towards upper management.
In spite of all that: Operation of user facilities and
construction of new ones is doing very well.
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
3
A fantastic Toy: LCLS Achievements
 “… and then there was light”. Coherent light. Immediately.
 Very short transition from commissioning to user operation
 Low charge (20pC) bunches for short bunch length (<10fs)
 Extended energy range, .5keV – 10keV
 Second Harmonic After Burner (SHAB) for x-rays to approx. 20 keV
 Operation at 120 Hz (and 120 Hz controls feedback) was seamless
 Operating now at approx. 4000 hrs. per year at greater than 95%
accelerator availability
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
4
The Organization
The Resources
Present Accelerator Directorate Organization
Norbert Holtkamp, ALD
Bob Hettel, Deputy
John Seeman, Deputy
ESH&Q
Mike
Scharfenstein
Acting
Business Office
C. Lowe
Administration
H. O’Donnell
SPEAR3
Accelerator Division
J. Schmerge
LCLS Accelerator
Systems Division
D. Schultz
Accelerator
Operations
& Safety Division
R. Erickson
Accelerator
Research Division
T. Raubenheimer
S0-20 Accelerator
Division
U. Wienands
Strategic Projects
Division
J. Galayda
Accelerator
Engineering Division
K. Fant
• The Accelerator Directorate has a total of ~ 600 FTE.
• Approximately 275 FTE are funded directly or indirectly in
support of the LCLS.
• Approximately 170 FTE are “hard” matrixed to the LCLS.
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
6
Organizational Adjustments
• Is there anything wrong with the existing organization?
• Observations:
– 28% of all AD employees are coded supervisors
– Present org charts mix between administrative and functional
supervision
– Up to seven levels of management
– PAUSE event pointed out deficiencies in communication and lack of
clarity in supervision
– Dissatisfied customers
– In some areas the mission and the organization are not aligned.
– Some of the current structure has been in place for more than a
decade and can be rigid, cumbersome and inflexible
– Rates are too high. Substantial UDT across the organization
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
7
What Do We Have? - What Do We Want?
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
8
The Present Organization
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
9
The Biggest Change: Engineering Organization
• Owns more than 2/3 of AF
(>400 people)
• Only 2 options:
1. AED is a directorate
2. AED splits up into 3
~90
~130
~180
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
10
Restructured Organization
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
1111
Funding Sources
BES #1
funds
WBS 1
Photon
Science
SIMES INST
PULSE INST
SUNCAT INST
HEP ##
funds
BES #2
funds
BES #3
funds
WBS 2
PPA Science
WBS 3
SSRL Science
WBS 4
LCLS Science
KIPAC
Elem Particle
Babar D&D
Service Centers
BL Operations
Users
Experiments
BL Operations
Users
Experiments
HEP ##
funds
Other
Fund
Sources
WFO
Agencies
Stanford
WBS 8
Accelerator Support for PPA, SSRL, LCLS
Operations, Safety and Maintenance
Upgrades – AIPs, small projects
Research and Future Development
Core Competencies and Technologies
Service Centers
Projects – LCLS II, LUSI, FACET, MEC (WBS 7)
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
WBS 9
Lab-wide Support
Allocation Pools
&
Service Centers
Director’s Office
COO Office
Planning & Assessment
Finance
Procurement
Human Resources
ESH
Project Mgmt Office
Facilities
Computing
Communications
Infrastructure Projects
(directly funded)
12
Detailed Breakdown
8.02
8.03
8.04
HEP
LCLS
SSRL
Other
Grand Total
TOTAL WBS 8.0
38,765
95,688
12,335
6,721
153,510
SPEAR3 Core Team
0
0
8,629
0
8,629
SPEAR3 Core Team Management
SPEAR3 Operations and Mainten
SPEAR3 Upgrades
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,591
2,264
773
0
0
0
5,591
2,264
773
LCLS Core Team
0
68,593
0
0
68,593
LCLS Core Team Management
LCLS Operations and Maintenanc
LCLS Upgrades
0
0
0
2,086
39,807
26,701
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,086
39,807
26,701
6,938
6,015
0
0
12,953
445
4,448
2,046
462
5,235
318
0
0
0
0
0
0
906
9,683
2,364
1,288
12,881
3,706
0
17,876
226
0
0
350
0
0
712
696
622
449
4,321
703
0
6,090
234
0
0
1,537
0
20
1,915
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,157
622
449
6,208
703
20
8,717
30,539
8,199
0
6,721
45,460
107
0
0
5,599
4,237
2,361
1,452
8,813
3,666
3,157
648
498
0
0
6,403
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,796
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,242
205
0
0
0
0
1,617
0
0
239
1,983
436
107
8,645
205
5,599
4,237
2,361
1,452
10,430
3,666
3,157
2,683
2,481
436
Sect 0 to 20 & FACET Core Team
S0-20 Core Team Management
S0-20 Operations and Maintenan
S0-20 Upgrades
8.05
Accelerator Operations & Safet
AOS Division Office
Maintenance Coord, Statistics,
Document Control
Beam Operations
MCC Systems
SPEAR3 Control Center Systems
Power
8.06
Accelerator Research & Develop
ARD Division Office
LCLS
Spear3
Test Facilities
ILC
LARP and LHC Upgrades
Accelerator Design - Physics &
RF Source & Structure Developm
Novel Acceleration Research
High Gradient Research
Accelerator Technology Develop
AD Work For Others
Other Accelerator R&D
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
13
Long Range Planning
Ten Year View of SLAC Funding
Total in $Millions
Base - Research, Operations & Maintenance
High Energy Physics (HEP)
Basic Eenerty Science (BES) - SSRL
BES LCLS
BES Photon Science
Other - EM, Safeguard & Security, BER
Ttl SLAC Base
Non-Base - Projects
Science Laboratory Infrastrcutre (SLI)-Research Support Bldg (RSB)
SLI-Scientific User and Support Bldg (SUSB)
SLI-Photon Science Laboratory Bldg
BES-LCLS I & PULSE
BES-LCLS II
BES-LCLS 2025
BES-PEP X
HEP-LSST
BES-SSRL BL, incl Addt'l Staff Suprt
FY2010
93
33
106
18
FY2011
89
34
123
20
FY2012
91
45
143
23
FY2013
92
48
157
30
FY2014
94
51
170
36
FY2015
97
54
185
43
FY2016
99
55
201
52
FY2017
102
57
217
62
FY2018
104
59
223
75
FY2019
107
61
228
90
FY2020
109
63
234
107
10
261
13
279
14
316
15
343
16
367
17
397
19
426
20
458
21
481
22
507
23
537
0
0
0
Outyears
Total
7
39
1
47
41
-
12
12
-
36
33
-
19
-
1
-
5
30
25
-
-
-
96
65
60
7
2
30
12
5
91
25
10
115
44
11
95
37
11
45
24
13
15
14
13
5
9
17
6
7
40
25
7
538
469
7
399
600
500
156
93
49
71
195
189
143
87
72
39
30
72
1,014
1,969
Total SLAC - NonARRA
308
328
387
538
557
540
513
529
520
537
608
1,014
1,969
ARRA Projects
33
40
21
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total SLAC
340
368
409
538
557
540
513
529
520
537
608
1,014
Total NonBase Projects
Out Year Input from PPA - R. Alva; SSRL - S. Carlson; LCLS - S. Honl; Photon Sci N. Matlin
Current Fiscal Year
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
14
94
2,063
Where are We Going:
Priorities, Accelerator R&D
SLACs Lab Agenda
Mission
• Grow into the premier
Photon Science
Laboratory
• Maintain our position as
the premier [electron]
accelerator laboratory
• Build targeted programs in
particle physics, particle
astrophysics & cosmology
16
Accelerator R&D:
Strategy
SLAC 
Particle Physics+Astronomy and Accelerator Research
… the programs, facilities and infrastructure SLAC operates
PPA
• FERMI
• LSST
• LHC support
• EXO
• LC
• Super B
Accelerators
• NC LC Technology
• High Power RF
• High Gradients
• FACET
• LASER Acceleration
• TEST beams
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
17
Example: Maintain our Status as the
Premier Electron Accelerator Laboratory
• Innovative technologies for
accelerators
–
–
–
–
NC high gradient acceleration
Dielectric
ECHO
Plasma
NC accelerator for DOE (and
worldwide)
4
• Novel approach for high
brightness beams
– Beam generation
FACET
– Beam/ -manipulation
– Laser-Beam
manipulation/diagnostics
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
18
Beyond HEP: The SLAC Multi-Program Environment
… the technology HEP supports at SLAC benefits the entire lab…
AD
• Beam Dynamics
• Technology
infrastructure
• Test Facilities
• Research on future
colliders
• Computation
…and back
PPA
• Detector R&D
• Computing
• Data acquisition &
management
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
LCLS,SSRL &
Photon Science





LCLS Operations
LCLS Experiments
 Data
acquisition
 Data storage
High brightness
beams
Low Emittance
Beam Acceleration
New light source
concepts
19
The Laboratory Mission - The Accelerator Role
Grow into the premier
Photon Science
Laboratory
Maintain our position as
the premier [electron]
accelerator laboratory
Build targeted programs
in particle physics,
particle astrophysics &
cosmology
Seeding schemes that will
change FEL designs
R&D Program @LCLS
LC, Beam Manipulation
Next Generation Injectors
Injector Test Infrastructure
LC, Super KEKB,
Ultra short pulses
Diagnostics.
Timing/Synchronization
LC
User adapted applications
Linac designs for specific
needs
LC, MC
Enabling Technology
RF Power (at any band)
and new power sources
LC, MAP, Project X,
everywhere
The “ultimate” storage ring
Beam Dynamics and
Feedback systems
Super B / Super KEK B
“Doubling the energy”
Plasma Wake Field
Acceleration
FACET and its
experimental program
20
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
Priorities:
LCLS-II as a Part of LCLS-2025: What SLAC Envisions
present LCLS
NEH
Hall
FEH
Hall
LCLS-2025
soft x-ray
hard x-ray
LCLS II is key step on path to LCLS 2025
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
LCLS Accompanying FEL R&D Program
Z.Huang
J.Hastings
B.Hettel
Sector 0 FEL R&D Test Facility
A staged approach to
a five to 15 to 30 Million$
Test Facility that serves
SLAC and others (LBNL,
ANL)
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
23
Redirecting where: Status on the Photon Side
• The R&D plan is consistent with SLACs mission
statement
• The plan includes other laboratories and serves
not only SLAC but other national programs and the
worldwide community
• All elements of the plan will happen depending on
time and funding because they are all mission
critical
• … it’s a good and complete plan, although details
are missing!
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
24
Redirecting where: What about the HEP part?
• B.Brinkman (Oct 2009)
• There are a number of promising emerging accelerator
technologies now under investigation with HEP
support:
–
–
–
–
–
High-Gradient RF Structures
Muon Accelerators &Colliders
Photonic Band-Gap Structures
Superconducting Radio Frequency
Wake Fields in Plasmas or Dielectrics
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
25
Other SLAC Accelerator Research Program
• Strong programs in Advanced Accelerator concepts, High Power RF
(HPRF) and Beam physics and Diagnostics
– Utilize SLAC core competencies in HPRF and accelerator design
– Leverage SLAC test facilities, infrastructure and computation effort
• SLAC HEP Accelerator R&D program at crossroads
– World-leading accelerator research program with unique but expensive
infrastructure and test facilities
– Most near-term application  industrial or scientific radiation sources
– Accelerators have potential to impact community and economy
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
26
The Reality: FY2011 funding vs budget situation
B&R
KA120201
KA120202
KA1101021
KA1201020
KA1301021
KA1301022
KA1401020
KA1501020
KA1502011
KA1503020
KA1301031
KA1301032
KA1301032
KA1301025
KA1301025
KA1501050
KA1102053
KA1102054
Description
B-Factory Operations Total
B-Factory Support Total
B-Factory Complex Total
Proton: Energy Frontier
Electron
Non-Accelerator: Cosmic Frontier
Non-Accelerator: Intensity Frontier
Theoretical Research
Core EPP Research
Accelerator Science
Accelerator Development
Detector R&D
Core Technologies R&D
Core Programs
Core Programs FTEs
LSST
CDMS/SNO R&D
LSST R&D
EXO Operations
FGST Operations
FACET Operations
Research Projects Total
LHC Support (LARP)
ATLAS Operations
LHC R&D Program Total
ILC R&D Total
Other Total
Projects/LHC/ILC/Other
SLAC HEP Total
Core Programs + EXO/ISOC Ops
Core Programs + EXO/ISOC Ops FTEs
FY 2010
12,019
2,930
14,949
4,300
8,312
17,332
3,463
7,795
41,202
8,659
3,333
4,341
16,333
57,535
300
2,145
0
0
0
2,445
2,281
2,328
4,609
11,766
2,479
21,299
93,783
57,535
FY 2011
Feb AFP
8,880
900
9,780
3,800
6,667
12,000
1,500
7,620
31,587
9,534
3,647
3,578
16,759
48,346
FY 2011
Budget
9,341
4,664
14,005
4,245
7,230
15,884
1,678
8,665
37,701
10,617
3,537
3,400
17,555
55,256
220
0
4,000
1,500
5,000
6,000
16,500
1,845
1,509
3,354
8,257
44
28,155
86,281
700
4,812
1,778
2,884
6,000
16,174
2,371
1,446
3,817
9,257
2,826
32,074
101,335
59,918
220
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
• Where will SLAC be
in 3-5 years?
•
•
Following trend: ~ $ 6-7 M
Following trend ~ $ 3 M
•
0 unless there is a FACET II
•
Following trend ~ $ 3.5 M
•
Depends: 0- < $ 2 M
_______________________________
That’s ~ $ 15 M versus ~ $ 31M
27
Programmatic Elements and Direction in the Future
NC Linac Design
& Construction
Pulsed Power
Modulators
High Power RF
Advanced Accelerator
FEL Physics
R&D: High Gradient, LASERs/PLASMA
Accelerator
Computations
Very useful for SLAC
Largely funded
through grants
BEAM Dynamics
Unique capability
@SLAC. DOE will
partially fund
Instrumentation
High rep rate,
ultrafast
Fully aligned with
SLAC mission
DOE fully funds
100%
Accelerator 28
R&D: Strategy
AD-Status Overview and Outlook
• R&D infrastructure:
– HEP funded AD infrastructure is about $ 30M / y
• Probably shrink to $ 10M / y by 2015
– BES funded AD infrastructure is << $ 10M / y
• could grow to $ 20M / y
• In order to maintain and grow this infrastructure AD would
need a ~$30M - $40M program by 2015.
• Sources: DARPA, BES, NP, HEP, FS, DOD, Industry, NIH
• AD is approx $ 150M/y now and will be in 2015/2016 because
LCLS II construction money. Without WFO AD can not
grow/maintain.
• Management decision: not more than 20% of the AD base!
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
29
Other Sources of Funding- is it a Solution?
• WFO funding can support infrastructure and technology that
can not be full covered by funding through base/core
programs.
• SLAC has technology, infrastructure and intellectual
capabilities that can benefit industries, other agencies and
the nation.
• Risks:
– Fluctuations in funding can not be covered by Laboratory Base
budget
– Effort becomes very scattered without clear direction and alignment
with lab core mission
– AD can’t raise the ~$ 35M /y and AD infrastructure will fade away
– WFO becomes substantial part of base budget and threatens lab
core missions through shift in priority
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
30
WFO: Is It Realistic?
Lab
Topic
Time
Funding
Scale
Funding
Risk
CERN
Ongoing structure fabrication & testing
2010-11
~300k
None
LLNL
First phase of MEGa-ray construction
2010-11
~750k
None
FNAL
Project-X rf system development
2011
~400k
None
LANL
Design studies for MARIE
2011
~300k
Low
LCLS
SLED pulse compressor upgrade
2011-12
~600k
Low
LLNL
Complete MEGa-ray 250 MeV linac
2011-12
~1600k
Low
LLNL
Joint LLNL/SLAC DARPA AxIS Prop.
2011-14
~7200k
Med
CERN
Additional CLIC structure testing at SLAC
2012-13
~800k
Med
CERN
Three additional klystron-based test stands (SATS)
2012-14
~2200k#
Low
LANL
R&D for MARIE on high grad. long-pulse linacs
2012-14
~5000k
High
LCLS
X-band deflector (klystron, waveguide, …)
2013
~800k
Med
LCLS-II
Bunch compressor linearizer
2013
~800k
Low
LCLS
Energy dither (600 MeV w/ 4 XL4’s & 16 struct.)
2014-15
~5400k
High
ELI-NP
High gradient 600 MeV linac for gamma ICS
2014-16
~8000k#
Med
PSI
Energy dither / energy upgrade (0.4 ~ 2 GeV)
2016
~10M$ per GeV#
# = funding may be split between SLAC and industry
~500k additional internal
SLAC LDRD funding in FY11
31
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
High
WFO by Directorate at SLAC Today *
Directorate
Photon science
$ 826
Particle & Astro
$1,096
SSRL
$5,961
LCLS
$105
Operations
$1,729
Accelerator
$3,434
AD-BES
$1.901
Adv Sci Comp
$132
$13,151
We intend to grow this to > $ 22M in FY12 !!!
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
32
More recent initiatives – We will do!
• The Muons: Engage in MAP-Berkeley and SLAC will make
a proposal together. Approx 6 FTEs each.
• Plan for FACET II
• Maintain the Linear Collider (at SLAC or elsewhere)
• Engage with HP RF industry
• Start WFO others program (and infrastructure)
• Be the center for normal conducting RF accelerators and
especially linacs, HP RF sources and pulsed power
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
33
Budget Realities
• SLAC operates the only hard x-ray laser for another
couple of years.
• There a core competencies that SLAC wants to maintain
and that the DOE wants to maintain within the complex
•
There are new projects and opportunities for the
Accelerator directorate:
– LCLS II, ITF, FEL R&D programs, NGLS participation…
– Develop, implement and execute a healthy Work For Others
program
– Look for the future of HEP: SUPER B, LHC, Linear Collider, Muon
Collider… but better be patient!
34
Accelerator R&D:
Strategy
Summary
• The largest part of the Accelerator Directorate is very
straightforward although challenging to maintain and to
improve
• The Accelerator Research and Development is facing a
major shift and we need to calibrate ourselves whether:
– The path makes sense
– The path is realistic
– The path allows address to the full breath of opportunities
• There will be a series of talks addressing the elements of
the plan
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
35
Flat Organizations …
• Tuned for matrix organizations
• Reduces the number of layers “above”
– We will go from ~>20% supervisors to ~ 6%
 Empowers employees
 reduces layers through which to filter messages thus
improves communication
 Reduces costs to the organization (= efficiencies)
 Encourages accountability
 Enhances creativity and productivity through empowerment
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
36
Administrative Supervisor vs. Functional Lead
Functional Lead Role
Administrative Supervisor
• Under the direction of the
supervisor:
• Not a Position, but a Role
• Makes all personnel actions
– Plan and assign work
– Provide coaching and guidance on
performance of job duties – may be
Subject Matter Expert
– Communicates and monitors
compliance with policy, procedure
and protocol
– Provides performance feedback to
supervisor
– Executes WPC
–
–
–
–
–
Hires
Evaluates
Promotes
Transfers
Terminates
• Compensation decisions
• Administers corrective action
• Writes and delivers performance
evaluation
• Responsible for WPC
• Does not replace BU leads
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
37
“You Can’t Manage What You Don’t Measure”
Possible Metrics for AD
•
•
•
•
Customer Satisfaction
Cost (overhead, UDT)
Turn-around time (determine baseline)
Quality of output (reliability and availability of
systems post installation and operation)
• Long term safety performance
• System function and performance vs customer
requirements
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
38
Living in the Matrix: An example
Administrative
Authority
Functional
Authority
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
39
FEL Accelerator R&D Test Facilities – One Idea
T. Raubenheimer
Three parallel experimental efforts:
Cathode Test Facility/
ASTA (low E)
Photocathode R&D aimed at
understanding LCLS lifetime
and damage issues
Test rf gun modifications before
installation in LCLS-I or II
Longer term R&D aimed
at high brightness cathodes
with lower thermal 
(coatings, smoothness,
new materials)
Combined HB program
requires ~3M/yr
new funding
Injector R&D Program
LCLS-II Injector
NLCTA Facility (<~250 MeV)
(135 MeV)
Simulation and experimental Full injector configuration;
program aimed at significant
opportunity for R&D
improvement in brightness;
before LCLS-II
low-E seeding; technology
turn-on
and ultrafast technique
development
1) Design studies on rf
gun design, CSR microbunching and cathodes
2) Rf gun development and
testing at NLCTA in 2012
3) NLCTA R&D on injector
beam physics
Early construction,
commissioning in
~2013/14 to study
injector physics before
LCLS-II operation
Core Capabilities and how they map onto the Mission
NC Linac Design
& construction
Pulsed Power
Modulators
High Power RF
Advanced Accelerator
R&D LASERs/PLASMA
FEL Physics
Computer Aided
Design
Very useful for SLAC
Largely funded
through grants
BEAM Dynamics
Unique capability
@SLAC. DOE will
partially fund
Instrumentation
High rep rate,
ultrafast
Fully aligned with
SLAC mission
DOE fully funds
100%
Accelerator 42
R&D: Strategy
Presented at GAD Review Jan 2011:
Scenario C ++
FY12
FY13
303
330
687
1,000
1,100
800
350
500
1,900
400
Normal Conducting RF Will it ever happen and even if, is it sufficient
800
to support the 294
base without
High Performance rf modeling
369 a mayor
316
385
construction
End Station Test Beam design
327 program??
392
0
0
FACET design
780
0
0
0
FACET II
150
CLIC R&D
560
549
78
0
Project-X collaboration
65
63
0
0
Feedback and LLRF program
348
224
136
192
Spending Totals
9,646 4,888
4,286 3,544 5,417
1,200
420
0
0
700
0
0
210
6,010
GAD Funding
LHC Accelerator Research
INFN Super-B design
Super – B
X-band Klystron Development
Power Source technology
X-band rf technology
FY08
11,232
FY09
4,052
1,130
538
FY10
3,333
961
650
FY11
3,538
142
44
359
605
1,806
487
473
1,022
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
43
HEP Accelerator R&D Priorities at SLAC
• Advanced accelerator R&D with potential for major impact
– Plasma Wakefield program although $6M FACET operations
support will limit the user program severely
– Dielectric laser acceleration and NLCTA programs
– SLAC needs strong leadership and vision!!!
• Beam dynamics core capability and computing mostly
supported externally already
• High gradient and X-band programs
– Unique capability world-wide but applications unclear
• Must define approach to normal-conducting linacs
– Ongoing High Power RF (HPRF) program
• Possibly redirect High Gradient program toward power sources
– Continued collaborations with LLNL, LANL and CERN
Accelerator R&D: Strategy
45