Rousseau, The Dream, 1910
Odilon Redon, Cyclops, c. 1912
Chagall, Paris Through a Window, 1913
Chagall, I and The Village, 1911
Giorgio de Chirico, The Soothsayer's Recompense, 1913
Giorgio de Chirico, Mystery and Melancholy of a Street, 1914
Dada (1914-20’S)
(absorbed by Surrealism in the mid-20s)
irrationality, anarchy, cynicism and the rejection of laws of beauty and social organization
anti-art that would destroy culture and therefore war
Hugo Ball reciting sound poems in the Cabaret Voltaire, 1916
Tristan Tzara
DADA knows everything. DADA spits everything out.
BUT . . . . . . . . .
HAS DADA EVER SPOKEN TO YOU:
about Italy
about accordions
about women's pants
about the fatherland
about sardines
about Fiume
about Art (you exaggerate my friend)
about gentleness
about D'Annunzio
what a horror
about heroism
about mustaches
about lewdness
about sleeping with Verlaine
about the ideal (it's nice)
about Massachusetts
about the past
about odors
about salads
about genius, about genius, about genius
about the eight-hour day
about the Parma violets
NEVER
NEVER
NEVER
DADA doesn't speak. DADA has no fixed idea. DADA doesn't catch flies.
THE MINISTRY IS OVERTURNED.
BY DADA
BY WHOM?
The Futurist is dead. Of What? Of DADA
A Young girl commits suicide. Because of What? DADA
The spirits are telephoned. Who invented it? DADA
Someone walks on your feet. It's DADA
If you have serious ideas about life,
If you make artistic discoveries
and if all of a sudden your head begins to crackle with
laughter,
If you find all your ideas useless and ridiculous, know
that
IT IS DADA BEGINNING TO SPEAK TO YOU
cubism constructs a cathedral of artistic liver paste
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
expressionism poisons artistic sardines
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
simultaneism is still at its first artistic communion
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
futurism wants to mount in an artistic lyricism-elevator
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
unanism embraces allism and fishes with an artistic line
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
neo-classicism discovers the good deeds of artistic art
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
paroxysm makes a trust of all artistic cheeses
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
ultraism recommends the mixture of these seven artistic
things
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
creationism vorticism imagism also propose some
artistic recipes
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
WHAT DOES DADA DO?
50 francs reward to the person who finds the best
way to explain DADA to us
Dada passes everything through a new net.
Dada is the bitterness which opens its laugh on all that
which has been made consecrated forgotten in our
language in our brain in our habits.
It says to you: There is Humanity and the lovely idiocies
which have made it happy to this advanced age
DADA HAS ALWAYS EXISTED
THE HOLY VIRGIN WAS ALREADY A DADAIST
DADA IS NEVER RIGHT
Citizens, comrades, ladies, gentlemen
Beware of forgeries!
Imitators of DADA want to present DADA in an artistic
form which it has never had
CITIZENS,
You are presented today in a pornographic form, a
vulgar and baroque spirit which is not the PURE
IDIOCY claimed by DADA
BUT DOGMATISM AND PRETENTIOUS IMBECILITY
Dada (1914-20’S) and Surrealism
Andre Breton, 1924
“Surrealism … (is) pure psychic automatism …. Thought in the absence of all control exerted
by reason, and outside all aesthetic or moral preoccupations … based on the belief in the
superior reality of certain forms of associations heretofore neglected, in the omnipotence
of the dream and the disinterested play of thought.”
“Surreality (is) the reconciliation of the reality of dreams with the reality of everyday life
into a higher Synthesis.”
Expressions of the Unconscious:
Chance
Play
Automatisms
(Freud, Jokes and their Relation to the Unconscious, 1911)
Hans (Jean) Arp
Zurich Dada
Automatic Drawing 1917-18
Ink and pencil on paper,
16 3/4 x 21 1/4"
Collage arranged according to the laws of chance
1916-1917, torn and pasted paper, 19 x 13”
Arp, Collage made according to the rules of
Chance, 1916
Man Ray
Le Violon d'Ingres (Ingres's Violin)
1924
Gelatin silver print
11 5/8 x 8 15/16 in.
Indestructible Object (or Object to be Destroyed)
1923 (replica of 1964)
Metronome with cutout photograph of eye on pendulum
wood, metal, paint and photograph
8 x 4 x 4”
Picabia, Portrait of Cezanne, 1920
FP St. Vierge 15
Picabia, Girl Born without a Mother, 1918
Francis Picabia - Here, This is Stieglitz/ Faith and Love , 1915
Marcel Duchamp
The Fountain
1917
“ready-made”, porcelain plumbing fixture
and enamel paint, 24” h.
Marcel Duchamp
“ready-made”
“ready-made-aided”
Fountain, 1917
porcelain plumbing fixture
and enamel paint, 24” h.
Bicycle Wheel. New York 1951
(third version, after lost original of 1913)
Metal wheel mounted on painted wood
stool,
Marcel Duchamp
L.H.O.O.Q.
Original Version:
1919, Paris
reproduction of Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa
with added mustache, goatee, and title
LHOOQ in 291 and LHO,19
Duchamp, Nude Descending a
Staircase, 1912
Marcel Duchamp
“ready-made”
“ready-made-aided”
Bottle Rack, 1913 - 1914
Bicycle Wheel. New York 1951
(third version, after lost original of 1913)
Metal wheel mounted on painted wood stool,
51 x 25 x 16 1/2"
Duchamp, Rrose Selavy, 1921
Rrose Selavy 21
Belle Haleine 21; Rrose Selavy
Belle HaleineL 21 and detail
To Be Looked at (from the Other Side of the Glass) with One Eye, Close to, for Almost an Hour
Buenos Aires 1918.
Oil, silver leaf, lead wire, and magnifying lens on glass (cracked),
mounted between panes of glass in a standing metal frame,
20 1/8 x 16 1/4 x 1 1/2", on painted wood base, 1 7/8 x 17 7/8 x 4 1/2“,
Overall 22" high.
Duchamp, Large Glass, 1915 - 23
Marcel Duchamp
The Bride Stripped Bare
by Her Bachelors, Even (The Large Glass)
Oil paint, varnish, lead foil, lead wire,
and dust on two glass plates (cracked),
each mounted between two glass panels
in a steel and wood frame
1915-23 , 272.5 x 175.8 cm
MD Large Glass diagram
Duchamp, Boîte-en-Valise, 1941
MD Boîte-en-Valise 35-41
Duchamp, Etant Donnés, 1946-66
MD Etant Donnés 46-66
Durer, 1525, Projections Grid
MD Etant Donnés 46-66
Man Ray Portrait of Meret Oppenheim
Meret Oppenheim, Objet: dejeuner en fourrure (Luncheon in Fur),
1936, fur covered cup, saucer, and spoon, height 3"
Heartfield,
Don’t Be Frightened he is a Vegetarian,
1932
Joan Miró
Birth of the World, 1925, o/c, 8 x 6’
Automatism - allowing the hand to wander
across the canvas surface without any
interference from the conscious mind.
The resulting marks will not be random or
meaningless, but guided at every point
by the functioning of the artist’s
unconscious mind, and not by rational thought
or artistic training.
“…Rather than setting out to paint
something, I begin painting and as I paint,
the picture begins to assert itself…
The first stage is free, unconscious …The
second stage is carefully calculated.”
Joan Miró
Dog Barking at the Moon
1926
oil on canvas 36 x 28”
Joan Miro, Dutch Interior I, 1928, oil on canvas,
36 x 28”
Salvador Dali
Critical Paranoia
The Persistence of Memory
1931
oil on canvas, 9 x 13”
Salvador Dali, Apparition of Face and Fruit Dish on a Beach, 1938
Salvador Dali, Apparition of Face and Fruit Dish on a Beach, 1938
Alexander Calder
Untitled, c. 1938
wire, sheet metal, string, wooden balls, and paint
51 x 84 in.
Little Spider, c. 1940
sheet metal, wire, and
paint
43 3/4 x 50 x 55 in.