PERSONAL INFORMATION
CHRISTOPHER T. BALL
Associate Professor
College of William & Mary
Psychology Department
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795
(757) 221 1760
ctball@wm.edu
EDUCATION
Ph.D. (Cognitive psychology)
B.A. Hons. (Psychology)
B.Sc. (Mathematics)
1990
1983
1978
Flinders University, Australia
Flinders University, Australia
University of Adelaide, Australia
ACADEMIC POSITIONS
2004 – present
Associate Professor, Psychology Department, College of William & Mary,
Williamsburg, VA, USA
1999 – 2004
Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, College of William & Mary,
Williamsburg, VA, USA
1996 - 1998
Adjunct Professor, Psychology Department, College of William & Mary,
Williamsburg, VA, USA
1991 - 1995
Lecturer, Psychology Department, University of Melbourne, Australia.
1990
Post-doctoral research fellow, Psychology Department, Flinders
University of South Australia, Australia.
1989
Visiting Lecturer, Psychology Department, Curtin University of
Technology, Australia.
1988
Research Associate, Psychology Department, Edinburgh University, UK.
1983-87
Tutor, Psychology Department, Flinders University of South Australia,
Australia.
FELLOWSHIPS AND GRANTS
Ball, C. T. (2000) Confident recollections: Are they really accurate? Summer research grant.
College of William & Mary, $5,000.
Ball, C. T., Wearing, A., & Omodei, M. (1996) Human decision making in complex systems:
C3I applications. Australian Defense, Science, and Technology Organization,
$AUD150,000.
Ball, C. T. (1994) Validation of the cognitive accident model. Australian Research Council,
$AUD9,000.
Ball, C. T. (1992) Outcome effects on decisions involving risk. Melbourne University Special
Initiative Grant, $AUD10,000.
Mann, L. & Ball, C. T. (1991) Information processing in decision making. Australian Research
Council, $AUD67,500.
1
RESEARCH
Books
Langholtz, H., Marty, A., Ball, C. T., & Nolan, E. (2002). Resource allocation behavior. Kluwer
Academic Press.
Book Chapters
Ball, C. T. (2010). From diaries to brain scans: Methodological developments for investigating
autobiographical memory retrieval. In J. H. Mace (Ed.) The act of remembering. Malden,
MA:Wiley-Blackwell.
Ball, C. T. (2007). Can we elicit involuntary memories in the laboratory? In J. H. Mace (Ed.)
Involuntary memory. Malden, MA:Blackwell.
Ball, C. T., Mace, J.H. & Corona, V. (2007). Cues to the gusts of memory. In J. H. Mace (Ed.)
Involuntary memory. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Ball, C., Mann, L. & Stamm, C. (1994). Decision making in intellectually gifted children. In J.
Edwards (Ed.) Thinking: International interdisciplinary perspectives. Sydney: Hawker
Brownlow Education.
Ball, C. & Glencross, D. J. (1990). Why can’t a young child catch a ball? In J. Bond & J. Gross
(Eds.) Australian Sport Psychology: The Eighties. Canberra:AIS Publications.
Refereed Publications in Periodicals
Ball, C. T., Singer, S., Kemps, E., & Tiggemann, M. (2010). Memory specificity and restrained
eating. Appetite, 55, 359-362.
Ventis, W. L., Ball, C. T., & Viggiano, M. (2010). Christian Humanist Association Test: Validity
and Test-Retest Reliability. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 2, 181-189.
Ball, C. T., & Hennessey, J. (2009). Subliminal priming of autobiographical memory retrievals.
Memory, 17(3), 311-322.
Ball, C. T., & Little, J, C. (2006). A comparison of involuntary autobiographical memory
retrievals. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 20, 1167-1179.
Ball, C. T., & Pelco, L. E. (2006). Teaching research methods to undergraduate psychology
students using an active cooperative learning approach. International Journal of Teaching
and Learning in Higher Education, 17, 147-154.
Ball, C. T., & O’Callaghan, J. (2001). Can adult factfinders judge the accuracy of children’s
recollections? A statement level analysis. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied,
7(4), 331-345.
Ball, C. T., Pelco, L. E., & Reed-Victor, E., & Havill, V. (2001). Confirmatory Factor Analysis
of the Temperament Assessment Battery for Children - Revised: Parent Form. Journal of
Psychoeducational Assessment, 19, 365-379.
Ball, C. T., Langholtz, H. J., Auble, J., & Sopchak, B. (1998). Resource-allocation strategies: A
verbal protocol analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 76(1),
70-88.
2
Langholtz, H. J., Ball, C. T., Sopchak, B., & Auble, J. (1997). Resource-allocation behavior in
complex but common-place tasks. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision
Processes, 70(3), 249-266.
Ball, C. T. (1997). A comparison of single-step and multiple-step transition analyses of multiattribute decision strategies. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,
69(3), 195-204.
Ball, C. T. (1995). Comparing ratios: The logarithmic response bias revisited. Psychological
Reports, 76, 443-448.
Mann, L. & Ball, C. (1994). The relationship between search strategy and risky choice.
Australian Journal of Psychology, 46(3), 131-136.
Ball, C., Mann, L., & Stamm, C. (1994). The decision making abilities of intellectually gifted
and non-gifted children. Australian Journal of Psychology, 46(1), 13-20.
Ball, C. (1992). The interactive effect of velocity on coincident timing performance. Perceptual
& Motor Skills, 75, 1074.
Withers, R. T., Craig, N. P., Ball, C. T., & Whittingham, N. O. (1991). The Drinkwater-Ross
anthropometric fractionation of body mass: comparison with measured body mass and
densitometrically estimated fat and fat-free masses. Journal of Sport Sciences, 9(3), 299311.
Withers, R. T., Borken, M., & Ball, C. T. (1990). A comparison of the effects of measured,
predicted, estimated, and constant residual volumes on the body density of male athletes.
International Journal of Sports Medicine, 11(5), 357-361.
Ball, C. T. & Glencross, D. J. (1988). Relationship of target and response complexity to
coincident timing performance. Journal of Motor Behavior, 20, 378-398.
Withers, R. T. & Ball, C. T. (1988). A comparison of the effects of measured, predicted,
estimated, and constant residual volumes of boy density of female athletes. International
Journal of Sports Medicine, 9, 24-28.
Ball, C. T. & Glencross, D. J. (1985). Developmental differences in coincident timing under
speed and time constraints. Human Movement Science, 4, 1-15.
Refereed Conference Presentations
Pryor, J., & Ball, C. T. (2011) The positivity effect: Is it a memory retrieval bias? North Carolina
Cognition Group, UNC-Greensboro, NC.
Ball, C. T. (2011) Restrained eating and autobiographical memory. SARMAC IX, New York,
NY.
Ball, C. T., Antal, S., Barnard, G., Blankenship, L., Corron, A., Dean, S., & Levine, J. (2011)
That’s what she said: Gender differences in memory for sexist humor. SARMAC IX,
New York, NY.
Ball, C. T., McFadden, M., Pryor, B., Schifano, K., Sudler, K., & Zantow, K. (2011)
Comparing the memory narrowing effect for text-based and image-based descriptions of
the same event. SARMAC IX, New York, NY.
Ball, C. T. & De Soto, K. A. (2009) Mind-wandering during reading. Psychonomic Scoiety,
Boston, MA.
Ball, C. T. & Koppel, R. K. (2009) Eye movement effects on traumatic memories: More support
for a central executive hypothesis. Psychonomic Society, Boston, MA
3
Ventis, W., L., Terrizzi, J., Ball, C. T., Bass, J., & Gershan, D. (2009). Varieties of religious
responses to humanism. APA conference, Toronto, Canada.
Ventis, W., L., Ball, C. T., Gershan, D., & Everitt, L. (2009). Traditional religion, humanism,
and environmental attitudes. Society for the Scientific Study of Religion, Denver, CO.
Ball. C. T. (2008) Moderator. The study of human self. The second biennial William and Mary
colloquium in philosophy. Williamsburg, VA
Ball, C. T., & Pastva, A. (2008). Eye-movement effects on memory processing: No interference
found. North Carolina Cognition Group Conference, Raleigh, NC.
Ventis, L., Ball, C., Everitt, L. & Gershan, D. (2008). Further validation of a Christian
Humanist IAT. American Psychological Association, Boston, MA.
Ball, C. T. (2007). Involuntary memories symposium (Chair) Society for Applied Research in
Memory & Cognition Conference, Lewiston, Maine.
Ball, C.T, Carlson, K., Hennessey, J., Lowder, M., Pastva, A., Thomas, P., Wheeling, A. (2007).
Eye-movements do influence memory consolidation. American Psychological Society
Conference, Washington, DC.
Ventis, L., Ball, C. T., Viggiano, C. (2007). A Christian Humanist Implicit Association Test:
Validity and Reliability. American Psychological Association Conference, San Francisco,
CA.
Hennessey, J. & Ball, C. T. (2007). Subliminal priming of autobiographical memory. North
Carolina Cognition Group Conference, Chapel Hill, NC.
Burke, Ball, & Shean (2006). Relationships between attention, working memory, and
schizotypal-like characteristics in humans. Society for Neuroscience, New Orleans,
Louisiana
Ball, C. T. & Stephen (2005) Cognitive antecedents of coincidence judgments. North Carolina
Cognition Conference, Durham, NC.
Ball, C. T. (2004). Partial reinstatement of context: Are all contextual cues equal? Psychonomic
Society Conference, Minneapolis, MN.
Little, J. N. & Ball, C. T. (2004). Involuntary autobiographical memory retrieval. North Carolina
Cognition Group Conference, Raleigh, NC.
Ball, C. T. (2003). A comparison of involuntary and voluntary autobiographical memory
retrieval. Psychonomic Society Conference, Vancouver, Canada.
Ball, C. T. (2003). Contextual reinstatement: Are all contextual cues equal? North Carolina
Cognition Group Conference, Durham, NC.
Ball, C. T. (2002). Can we use decision biases to predict the stock market? North Carolina
Cognition Group Conference, Chapel Hill, NC.
Ball, C. T. & Graves, S. (2001). The memory-confidence accuracy relationship: The interactive
interplay of memory and knowledge. Psychonomic Society Conference, Orlando, FL.
Ball, C. T. (2000). Individual differences in risk adjustment after repeated gains and losses.
Judgment & Decision Making Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Ball, C. T. & O’Callaghan, J. (2000) Can factfinders judge the accuracy of children’s
recollections? American Psychology-Law Society Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Ball, C. T. (1999) Is the gambler’s fallacy a fallacy? Judgement and Decision Making Society
Conference, Los Angeles, CA.
4
Pelco, L. E. & Ball, C. T. (1999) Temperament effects on special education outcomes for young
children with developmental delays. IX th European Conference on Developmental
Psychology, Athens, Greece.
Pelco, L. E. & Ball, C. T. (1998) Preschoolers with developmental delays: New data on the
structure of temperament. XII Occasional Temperament Conference, Philadelpia, PA.
Ball, C. T. (1996) A protocol analysis of resource-allocation decisions. Judgment and Decision
Making Conference, Chicago, IL.
Ball, C. T. (1996) The role of intuition in sport: A preliminary investigation. The Eleventh
Conference of the Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology,
Williamsburg, VA.
Ball, C. T. (1996) Individual differences in risk preference after repeated successes or losses.
XXVI International Congress of Psychology, Montreal, Canada.
Ball, C. T. (1994) Individual differences in performance slumps: The damaging cycle of selfreferent thoughts and feelings. Ninth Conference of the Association for the Advancement
of Applied Sport Psychology, Lake Tahoe, NV.
Mann, L. & Ball, C. T. (1993) Identifying the decision making skills of intellectually gifted
adolescents. Fourteenth conference on Subjective Probability, Utility, and Decision
Making, Aix-en-Provence, France.
Ball, C. T. (1993) Quantifying qualitative changes in decision rule use. First Australian
Cognitive Science Conference, Melbourne, Australia.
Ball, C. T. (1992) Decision making in intellectually gifted adolescents. Fourth International
Conference on Thinking, Townsville, Australia.
Ball, C. T. (1990) Information processing in decision making: A behavior process approach.
Experimental Psychology Conference, Adelaide, Australia.
Ball, C. T. (1989) Perception-action interface in sporting skills. Seventh International Congress
in Sport Psychology, Singapore.
Ball, C. T. (1987) Perception-action relationship in coincident timing. Australian Psychological
Society Conference, Canberra, Australia.
Ball, C. T. (1986) Perception-action coupling. New Zealand Psychological Society Conference,
Dunedin, New Zealand.
Ball, C. T. (1983) Why can’t a young child catch a ball? First Australian Sport Psychology
Conference, Canberra, Australia.
Invited Talks
Ball, C. T. (2010). What role can autobiographical memory research play in the modeling and
treatment of psychopathology? Center on Autobiographical Memory , Aarhus University,
Denmark.
Ball, C. T. (2006). Bien heureux: Involuntary memories from Proust to brain scans. Colloquium
Psychology Department, College of William & Mary
Ball, C. T. (2005). Involuntary memories. Invited talk. Psychology and Brain Sciences
Department, Duke University
Ball, C. T. (2004). Involuntary autobiographical memories. Invited talk Philosophy Department,
College of William & Mary, VA.
Ball, C. T. (2002). The memory confidence-memory accuracy relationship. Invited talk.
Psychology Department, University of Melbourne, Australia.
5
Ball, C. T. (2002). Conducting applied memory research. Invited talk. Psychology Department,
Flinders University, Australia.
6