Students will know…EVERYTHING IN THE PACKET
 the bond angle of H-C-H bond.
 the bonding capacity of C, H, O, Cl, Br, and I.
 that the parent chain can be bent.
 that hydrocarbons are good fuels.
 the names of side groups: methyl –CH
3
ethyl –C
2
H
5
bromo –Br iodo –I chloro –Cl
 to start numbering carbons of a parent chain where the side group is closest .
 that “n” means “normal” (straight chain.) For example, n-pentane.
“I” means iso, and “t” means tertiary (neo is also used) and how to draw and name these
 that tetramethyl means 4 methyl groups, trimethyl means 3 groups, dimethyl means 2 groups, etc.
 that hydrocarbons with: all single bonds are called alkanes one double bond are called alkenes end with “ane” end with “ene” follow the formula
C n
H
2n+2 follow the formula C n
H
2n one triple bond are called alkynes end with “yne” follow the formula
C n
H
2n-2
 that “cyclo-“ means the molecule contains a ring.
 that “saturated” means “saturated with hydrogens” and describes alkanes.
 that alkenes, alkynes, and cyclic hydrocarbons are all “unsaturated.”
 that unsaturated fats are better for you (the double bond makes them easier to digest and less likely to coat the inside of your arteries.)
 that various types of compounds (alcohols, ethers, etc.) have atoms in common (called functional groups).
 that “R” stands for the “Rest of the molecule” (methyl, ethyl, etc.) [Officially,
“R” = “Residue”.]
 examples of these molecules in daily life. (methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, denatured alcohol, rubbing alcohol, formaldehyde, acetone, diethylether, acetic acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, methylsalicylate, vitamins)
 Acid + Alcohol  Ester + H
2
O
 Amino Acid + Amino Acid  Protein + H
2
O
 that one way molecules can join, a reaction where H
2
O is formed, is called a “condensation reaction.”
 that a polymer (“poly” means many, “mer” means parts) consists of many repeating parts.
 a second way molecules can join, in which a double bond opens to form two new bonds, is called an “addition reaction.”
Students will be able to…
 give examples of hydrocarbons.
 give examples of condensed formulas, skeletal formulas and structural formulas.
 list prefixes 1 – 10 (meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, etc.)
 build models of molecules.
 state the # of atoms and # of elements in a molecule.
 draw isomers of molecules and recognize isomers.
 write the formula of a hydrocarbon, given its name and vice versa.
 give household examples of hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, propane, butane, octane).
 identify the “parent chain” looking at a structural formula
 give examples of substituted hydrocarbons.
 draw and name isomers of substituted hydrocarbons.
 build models using single, double and triple bonds and describe which rotate.
 demonstrate cis- and trans- isomerism, example: dichloroethene, C
2
H
2
Cl
2
.
 recognize whether the molecule is an alkane, alkene, or alkyne given the formula.
 name a molecule, given the structural formula.
 write the correct structural formula, given the name.
 circle the atoms that make up the functional group, given the structural formula of a molecule.
 Draw the mechanism for making a ketone from an alkyne
 Name alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, haloalkanes, cyclo’s, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids.
 Know how to map and show the exact chemistry, including side products for multistep synthesis.
 Identify and draw primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols.
 Know which of the alcohols are reactive and which are not.
 Identify and draw and name iso and tert (t) (neo) configurations.
 Know what an “alkyl” group is
 Know the structure of acetylene, phenol, acetic acid
 Know the ortho, para, meta positions on phenol rings.
 Know that the OH group as a functional group is alcholo/alkonols and as a substituent is hydroxy.
 Know that the =O is a ketone but is called oxo as a substituent group.
 Know Markovnikov rule.
 Know the mechanism for adding 2 H
2
O to an alkyne to make a ketone or alkanal.
SEE OTHER SIDE

Naming Helps:

The prefixes di, tri, tetra etc., used to designate several groups of the same kind, are not considered when alphabetizing.

Dimethylpentyl (as complete single substituent) is alphabetized under
"d", thus 7-(1,2-
Dimethylpentyl)-5ethyltridecane

If several substituents are present on the ring, they are listed in alphabetical order. Location numbers are assigned to the substituents so that one of them is at carbon #1 and the other locations have the lowest possible numbers, counting in either a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

If he ene suffix (ending) indicates an alkene or cycloalkane then the longest chain chosen for the root name must include both carbon atoms of the double bond.

Double bonds precede triple bonds in the IUPAC name, but the chain is numbered from the end nearest a multiple bond, regardless of its nature.
Iso and tert are used when alphabetizing. ( We will do it this way but I have found conflicting info.)
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CH3 hex-2-ene (Preferred)
(not 2-hexene)
CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-OH but-3-en-1-ol (PIN)
Hyphenated prefixes: sec- and tert- are not used in alphabetizing
but iso is. Thus isopropyl and isobutyl are listed alphabetically under i but sec-butyl and tert-butyl are listed under b.
 Recognize and draw the structures below alcohol aldehyde carboxylic acid
ester ketone amine ether (bunny) amide
Aromatic Rings Haloalkanes
R
X
 state natural examples of polymers such as proteins (many amino acids), carbohydrates
(many sugar units), and DNA (many nucleotide bases).
 state man-made polymers like polyester (many ester linkages), and polyethylene, polystyrene, and Teflon.
 draw the “repeat unit” with the double bond open and copy the repeat unit to draw the polymer, given a monomer (like ethane, aka. ethylene),
 give examples of common substances made from addition polymers.