Chapter 16 – Minerals: A Nonrenewable Resource
Cornell Notes
How does the government lose money from the General
Mining Law of 1872?
What effect has mining left on the environment?
Minerals
Sulfides
Oxides
Rock
Ore
What is the difference between a high-grade ore and a
low-grade ore?
Metals
Nonmetallic Minerals
Which minerals are abundant in earth’s crust?
Which minerals are rare in earth’s crust?
Discuss the distribution of mineral deposits.
Magmatic Concentration
Hydrothermal Processes
Why is the dissolving ability of water greater when
chlorine and fluorine are present?
Sedimentation
Evaporation
What are some of the tools used to discover mineral
deposits?
Surface Minin
Subsurface Mining
Overburden
What are the two types of surface mining?
Open-Pit Surface Mining
Strip Mining
Spoil bank
What are the two types of subsurface mining?
Shaft Mine
Slope Mine
Compare subsurface mining with surface mining.
Smelting
Slag
What are some of the effects of mining on the
environment?
Acid Mine Drainage
What kind of economic analysis should be conducted
before a mine is developed?
Tailings
What are some of the environmental impacts of refining
minerals?
What happened in Copper Basin and what was the
solution?
What are the goals of reclamation?
Derelict lands
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
How are wetlands helpful in reclamation?
Phytoremediation
Strategic materials
Mineral reserves
Mineral resources
Total resources/world reserve base
How does the economic situation impact the reserves
and resources?
Antarctic Treaty
Environmental Protection Protocol to the Antarctic
Treaty/ Madrid Protocol
Manganese Nodules
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Biomining
What role does economics play in finding mineral
substitutes?
Reuse
Recycling
Why are the benefits of reuse greater than recycling?
What are beverage container deposit laws?
What are some of the advantages of recycling?
Sustainable manufacturing
Dematerialization
Why is dematerialization not an effective solution for
material consumption?