Name _______________________
Ch 13 & 14 homework
Ch 13
1. Compare and contrast artificial and natural selection (1 point)
2. What are homologous structures? Give an example of a pair of homologous
structures. (1 point)
3.
A)
B)
C)
D)
A population is (1 point)
a group of individuals of the same species living in the same place at the same time.
all individuals of a species, regardless of location or time period in which they live.
a group of individuals of different species living in the same place at the same time.
a group of individuals of a species plus all of the other species with which they
interact.
E) a group of species that share a common characteristic.
4. What were Darwin’s three key observations used to form his theory of evolution (1
point)
5. Evolution acts on the ______________________ but affects the
____________________.(1 point)
6. What are three ways genetic variation is produced? (1 point)
7. What 5 conditions must a population satisfy to remain in Hardy-Weinberg
Equlibrium? (1 point)
8. Genetic drift resulting from a disaster that drastically reduces population size is called
(1 point)
A) natural selection.
B) gene flow.
C) the bottleneck effect.
D) nonrandom mating.
E) the founder effect.
9. Frequency-dependent selection, as seen in the case of the scale-eating fish in Lake
Tanganyika, tends to (1 point)
A) eliminate rare alleles and favor whichever allele is initially most frequent.
B) maintain two phenotypes in a dynamic equilibrium in a population.
C) produce random changes in allele frequencies.
D) lead to heterozygote advantage.
E) stimulate new mutations.
10. What is neutral variation? (1 point)
Ch 14
1.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
A biological species is defined as a group of organisms that (1 point)
are physically similar.
are genetically similar.
share a recent common ancestor.
live together in a location and carry out identical ecological roles.
have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring.
2. Which provides the most general and correct description of the idea of a reproductive
barrier? (1 point)
A) any feature (of geography, behavior, or morphology) that keeps one species from
mating with another
B) a biological difference between two species that prevents them from successfully
interbreeding
C) a geographic barrier that separates two species and prevents gene flow between them
D) a difference in reproductive biology between two species that makes hybrid
individuals less fertile
E) a difference in behavior that keeps two species from interbreeding
3. Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of species that
could interbreed except that one mates at dusk and the other at dawn? (1 point)
A) temporal isolation
B) habitat isolation
C) behavioral isolation
D) mechanical isolation
E) gametic isolation
4. Which of the following types of reproductive barriers separates a pair of insect
species that could interbreed except that one mates on goldenrod flowers and the other
on autumn daisies that both blossom at the same time? (1 point)
A) temporal isolation
B) habitat isolation
C) behavioral isolation
D) mechanical isolation
E) gametic isolation
5. Two species that sometimes mate and produce vigorous but sterile offspring are
separated by (1 point)
A) mechanical isolation.
B) gametic isolation.
C) reduced hybrid fertility.
D) reduced hybrid viability.
E) hybrid breakdown.
6. Frequently, a group of related species will each have a unique courtship ritual that
must be performed correctly for both partners to be willing to mate. Such a ritual
constitutes a ________, ________ reproductive barrier. (1 point)
A) mechanical . . . postzygotic
B) behavioral . . . prezygotic
C) mechanical . . . prezygotic
D) temporal . . . prezygotic
E) gametic . . . postzygotic
7. What does the term punctuated equilibrium describe? (1 point)
8. The Darwin’s finches on the Galapagos islands demonstrate adaptive radiation. Using
them as an example, explain how adaptive radiation leads to speciation. (2 points)
9. Compare and contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation. (1 point)