Review for Test One
Lecture 1 – Introduction
• Core Documents
– Declaration of Independence 1776
– Articles of Confederation 1777
– Constitution 1787
– Bill of Rights 1791
• Individual value, individual liberty
• Consent of the Governed
• Democracy
– Churchill
Lecture 2 – Politics and Power
• Politics
– Lasswell and Lenin
• Political Science
• Power
• Authority
– Efficient power
• Government
• Democracy
– Demos + Kratos
– The Founders and the Demos
• Direct Democracy
– Town meetings
– Initiative, referendum, recall
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Representative Democracy
Republic
A Representative Democracy in the form of a Republic
Egalitarianism
Elitism
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Central Questions
Lecture 3 – Separation of Powers
– the Nature of Man
– Democracy or Republic
• Article IV – republican form of government
– Confederation or Federal System
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Constitution as a blueprint for protection of liberty
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Four main Constitutional Principles
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The Separation of Powers, and Checks and Balances
Federalism
Judicial Review
A Limited Government with a Living Constitution
Separation of Powers
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The three legged stool
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
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Bicameralism
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Checks and Balances
More balance
– The cup and the saucer
– Selection
– terms
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The NON goal of Efficiency
Tyranny vs. efficiency
Lecture 4 - Federalism
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Shared Power
Distribution of political power
Imperium in Imperio
How Governments Relate
– Confederacy
– Unitary
– Federal
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The Convention and Compromise
Federalist and Anti-federalist
The Great Compromise
The 3/5ths Compromise
The Bill Of Rights
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The internal conflict:
– The Supremacy Clause
• Supreme law of the land
– The tenth amendment
• Reserved powers
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Marbury v. Madison (1803)
McCullough v Maryland (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Dual Federalism
Cooperative Federalism
Devolution
No Child Left Behind
Flexible Federalism
Fiscal Federalism
Lecture 5 – Judicial Review
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3 types of Law
Precedent/ stare decisis
Judicial Review
Supremacy Clause (Article VI)
Judicial Restraint/Activism
Arbiter/Activist judge
• John Marshall
– Marbury v. Madison (1803)
– McCullough v Maryland (1819)
• Tom and the Courts
• Authority
– Marshall has made his decision
• Double edged sword
– Dred Scott (1857)
• Interpretation and intent
• Strict Construction
• Originalism
Lecture 6 – Living Document
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Strengths:
– The brevity, restraint and resilience of our constitution sets it apart from all others!
– Short (7000 words!), kinda vague, and flexible!
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Proposed vs. Ratified
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Process for Ratification
– 11,000 vs 27
– 2/3 of both houses
– ¾ of states
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Time limits
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Shifting Federalism
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Ways to change
– 7 years
– 14,16,17th
– Judicial Interpretation and Review
– Legislation or Executive Action
– Custom
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Direct and indirect change
Limited Government
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Four main Constitutional Principles
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Rights and liberties of the governed
Enumerated vs. reserved
Consent of the governed
Constitutions are by definition conservative
The Separation of Powers, and Checks and Balances
Federalism
Judicial Review
A Limited Government with a Living Constitution
OUR constitution makes it OUR government
Straight from the Home Office in Wahoo, Nebraska
The Top Ten Constitutional Provisions
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Guarantee Clause
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Article IV, section 4
Commerce Clause
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Article I, section 8
Supremacy Clause
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Article VI
Necessary and Proper Clause
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Article I, section 8
Full Faith and Credit Clause
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Article IV
The Bill of Rights
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1st ten amendments
1st amendment
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SPRAP
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Speech
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Press
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Religion
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Assembly
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Petition
2nd amendment
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Right to bear arms
10th amendment
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Reserved powers
14th amendment
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Due process
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Equal protection