Atom Worksheet Notes The Atom - Building Block of all matter. 1) Structure a) Nucleus (Core) particles i) Neutrons (1) No Charge (2) Strongly Bound to Protons ii) Protons (1) Positively Charged (2) Number Identifies the element (3) Strongly bound to Neutrons b) Orbiting particles i) Electrons (1) Negatively Charged (2) Farther out from nucleus, weaker the bond ii) Multiple orbits dependent on number of electrons (1) Outside orbit – valence shell (2) Fewer than 4 electrons in valence shell = conductor 2) Types a) Balanced i) Equal number of Protons and Electrons ii) Zero Charge b) Unbalanced i) Negatively Charged Ion - More Electrons than Protons ii) Positively Charged Ion - More Protons than Electrons Atoms Worksheet :Question Sheet 1. What are the three main particles of an atom? 2. What are the charges of each one of these particles? 3. What is the center of an atom called? 4. What is the charge of the center of an atom? 5. What makes up the center of the atom? 6. What orbits the center of an atom? 7. Like charges (i.e. + and +) do what? 8. What is the electron configuration for the first 3 shell or orbits in an atom? 9. How many particles of the part that orbits the nucleus is on the shell closet to the center of the atom? 10. Draw a Bohr model of the atom for Hydrogen? 11. What is the atomic number of an atom? 12. Can 2 different elements have the same atomic number? 13. What is mercury's atomic number? 14. How many protons does Mercury have? 15. What element has one less proton than mercury? 16. What makes up the atomic weight of an atom? 17. What is the atomic weight of gold? 18. How many neutrons does gold have? 19. How many electrons does a neutral gold atom have? 20. Why is the atomic weight on the periodic table never a whole number? 21. What is an isotope? 22. How can an atom have a negative charge? 23. How can an atom have a positive charge? 24. How can an atom have a neutral charge? 25. Does the number of protons for Carbon ever change? Atom Worksheet Materials Per pair of students: 2 “Classification of Matter” activity sheets red, green, and blue colored pencils 1 set of bead samples (see note) Note: Preparation of bead samples Materials required: red, green, blue, and pearl beads; 180 small (60mm size) plastic petri dishes, super glue, fine copper or craft wire, 20 quart-sized zipper bags. For one complete sample set, fill nine petri dishes and label the lids as described in the table below. A Sharpie works well for the label, and a piece of clear tape over the writing will make the label more permanent. Use a dab of super glue to affix the lids securely. Dish label R Dish contents Red beads only B Blue beads only Gn2 Green beads, wired in pairs BGn2P Several pieces, each consisting of one blue bead, two green beads, and a pearl wired together Several pieces, each consisting of a pearl wired to a green bead Several pieces, each consisting of four red beads wired to a green bead Some green beads wired in pairs, as well as several pieces consisting of a red bead wired to a green bead Loose red beads, loose pearls, and green beads wired in pairs Loose red beads and blue beads PGn R4Gn RGn + Gn2 R + P + Gn2 B+R Classification Pure substance, element Pure substance, element Pure substance, diatomic element Pure substance, compound Pure substance, compound Pure substance, compound mixture mixture mixture Make 20 complete sets and store them in quart-sized zipper bags to have a class set ready to go. Safety Remind students that lab materials are to be used ONLY as directed No opening of Petri dishes Return any loose beads to the teacher Name _______________ Date _____________ Reading Comprehension Worksheet Compound & Elements The 100 plus elements are the "alphabet" of matter because every tangible material is a combinations of these elements. The elements are categorized as: Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids, Noble Gases This main categorization is based on the electrical attributes of the elements. Some elements tend to "lose" an electron, and become postively charged. (These are the metals), Other elements tend to "acquire" an electron, and become negatively charged, (the non metals). The third group, (metalloids), fall in between these two extremes. And the Noble Gas category is "unelectrical" -displays no interest in either acquiring and losing an electron, but unlike the metalloids who can be "persuaded" one way or the other -- the noble ones simply don't engage. Since chemical reaction and chemical bonding are electrical in nature, it so happens that members of a certain category can substitute for another member and thereby create a combination which is slightly different, but generally similar. Say then that by carefully chosing a replacement element in a chemical compound, it is possible to "engineer" a desired slight change in the nature of the compound. This used to be the art, and now is the science of chemistry. 1. Which elements are likely to lose electrons? 2. Which elements are likely to gain electrons? _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ 3. Which type of elements are likely to have no electical charge at all? _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ 4. How does knowing a great deal about the property of certain elements help us as humans? _________________________________ _________________________________ Name _______________ Date _____________ Compounds and Elements Word Chop Worksheet Directions: The table below contains words that have been chopped in half. Find the pieces that fit together and write them in the answer area below. ture sym mole ment rons comp ound sity prot bol ele den trons mix neut ume rons cule elec vol Answers: ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ Name _______________ Date _____________ Elements & Compounds Word Search Worksheet Directions: All words are positioned left to right, right to left, and diagonally. E P B F O D S V B B C I O P D K J L U V F U S G L P S P L M N U H R J V U Y H F Y O V M E O I B A J Q C Q N C V O W H O Q E L E M E N T H R T Y B B L U T Y J Y T I J D P H S M M I C W B Y L X O L R C T F F L V L R M D L G A R O K P X O C O W U I O L R I K U J M T E P L E H S W R Q O Z S Q O G G M L M E U U W A H G V S T P S Y D S E X N X E A C Z H T Z I X R K N L L V L P U J D G I V Y F K O V S L Z R M X K O S Z B G V D Q O G Q U U W I D G E S V T M F C K Q N Y W Y Q H K W C L M T N A G W D I J B Y W P S S K Y C U N Q E C O M P O U N D S J B E Z M G V I P B Y U O L U W S G Q W K H N V F A Q D U C J J S O O E O Z S R Q Q S A N A F R M Z Q T R W A Q Y D O E J O L N E U T R O N S J Q Q A J D V S K X E E G T N V R R R H P Y G J H X L C O I Q N L U M K B K H H B S I Q L B J X F K K E L E C T R O N S A I F I ELEMENT MOLECULE MIXTURE DENSITY NEUTRONS PROTONS SYMBOL ELECTRONS VOLUME B D X D L T Y COMPOUND Name _______________ Date _____________ Chemical Maze Worksheet Directions: Guide the liquids to the flasks. Elements and Compounds Vocabulary Quiz Directions: Match the vocabulary words on the left with the definitions on the right. 1. volume something that represents something else, esp. a material sign or object that stands for a complex or abstract concept: 2. element made up of two or more parts or elements. 3. symbol the product of mixing two or more items or substances together. 4. mixture the state or condition of being dense. 5. molecule a single atom or several atoms bound together electomagnetically, forming the smallest particle that possesses all the characteristic physical and chemical properties of an element or compound. 6. compound a negatively charged particle, considered a fundamental unit of matter, that exists independently or outside the nucleus of an atom. 7. neutron a collection of pages of writing or print bound together; book. 8. electron an elementary particle having no charge, spin of one-half, and mass approximately equal to a proton, present in the nucleus of all atoms except the common isotope of hydrogen. 9. density a part of any whole. Element Symbols Directions: Give the symbol for each of the named elements below. Element a. lithium b. potassium c. carbon d. silver e. sulfur f. fluorine g. nitrogen h. oxygen i. boron j. hydrogen k. helium l. sodium Symbol